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Capoeira
Capoeira () is an Afro-Brazilian martial art and game that includes elements of dance, acrobatics, capoeira music, music, and spirituality. It likely originated from enslaved Mbundu people, of the Kingdom of Ndongo, in present-day Angola. The Mbundu of Ndongo had a formal military in which soldiers were professionally trained for combat. When Mbundu people were captured and sold into the Atlantic Slave Trade, they would have brought these fighting abilities with them to Brazil, where it developed into Capoeira. It is known for its acrobatic and complex manoeuvres, often involving hands on the ground and inverted kicks. It emphasizes flowing movements rather than fixed stances; the ''List of capoeira techniques#Ginga, ginga'', a rocking step, is usually the focal point of the technique. Though often said to be a martial art disguised as a dance, capoeira served not only as a form of self defense, but also as a way to maintain spirituality and culture. Capoeira has been practic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Capoeira
The history of capoeira explores the origins and development of capoeira, a Brazilian martial art and game that combines dance, acrobatics, fighting, and music. Capoeira first appeared among Afro-Brazilians, Africans in Brazil, during the early Colonial Brazil, colonial period of the 18th century. There is a substantial debate about whether capoeira was created in its essence in West Africa, or whether it only became fully formed in Brazil. According to the old capoeira mestres and tradition within the community, capoeira originates from Angola, likely from the Mbundu people of the Kingdom of Ndongo. Ndondo was controlled by a formal military, in which Mbundu soldiers were trained professionally for combat. Therefore, these combat abilities would have been brought to Brazil with Mbundu people enslaved in the Atlantic Slave Trade. However, the exact of capoeira is not entirely clear, many studies have supported the oral tradition, identifying engolo as an ancestral art and locatin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Capoeira Carioca
Capoeira carioca was a street fighting version of capoeira that existed in Rio de Janeiro during the 19th century. In capoeira carioca, all available means were used, including various types of weapons, such as Knife, knives, straight razors, Club (weapon), clubs and machetes. Capoeira from this period is also known as capoeiragem and its practitioners were referred to as ''capoeiras''. Rio de Janeiro was the epicentre of capoeira in the 19th century. In the early 19th century, it transmitted primarily among black slaves born in Portuguese Angola. Africans were massively present in the Rio, performing their games, celebrations, festivals. They formed their capoeira ''maltas'', slaves "''fraternal paramilitary organizations''" that defended the neighborhoods. As of the mid-19th century, capoeira was increasingly detached from its music and dancing and was essentially a criminal activity. After the Paraguayan War (1865–1870), the capoeiras became involved in politics. By the lat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Capoeira Angola
Capoeira de Angola (Angolan capoeira) or simply ''angola'' is the traditional style of capoeira, the Afro-Brazilian martial art. A newer style, based on the reform of capoeira Angola, is called ''capoeira regional, regional''. However, the term capoeira Angola is somewhat ambiguous and can mean two things: * traditional capoeira Angola prior to its codification in 20th century. * contemporary capoeira Angola codified by Mestre Pastinha, based on an older one. Although mestre Pastinha strove to preserve the original art, he nevertheless introduced significant changes to capoeira practice. He forbid weapon and lethal moves, prescribed uniforms, moved training away from the street into the ''academia'', and started to teach women. But for mestre Pastinha, Capoeira Angola was, "''above all, fighting and violent fighting''". The practice of capoeira Angola is to cultivate chants, music and culture in addition to the martial art, and to keep capoeira as close to its African roots as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Capoeira Techniques
The list of capoeira techniques includes kicks, headbutts, evasions, acrobatics and more. In capoeira, the main emphasis is normally placed on the interaction between kicks and evasions. Due to historical reasons, different capoeira groups use different names for the same techniques, or the same name for different techniques. Historical development Core techniques Mestre Pastinha considered the core techniques of the traditional capoeira to be the following: * ''cabeçada'' (headbutt) * ''rasteira'' (sweep) * ''rabo de arraia'' * ''chapa de frente'' (front push kick) * ''chapa de costas'' (back push kick) * ''Meia lua de frente, meia lua'' (crescent kick) * ''cutilada de mão'' (Knifehand strike, hand chop) It is documented that the majority of the core capoeira techniques, including ''rasteira'', ''rabo de arraia'', ''chapa de frente'', ''chapa de costas'', ''meia lua de frente, meia lua'', and many other distinct techniques such as scorpion kick (martial arts), scor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mestre Bimba
Manuel dos Reis Machado, commonly called Mestre Bimba (; November 23, 1900 – February 5, 1974), was a Brazilian capoeira ''mestre'' and the founder of the '' capoeira regional'' style. Bimba was one of the best capoeiristas of his time, undefeated in numerous public challenges against fighters from various martial arts. Bimba came from capoeira Angola, and taught Angola style. He reformed capoeira primarily in response to Burlamaqui and Sinhôzinho's attempts to strip it of music and African traditions, and transform it into a mere set of bodily techniques. On the other hand, he was unsatisfied with capoeira Angola of his time, because of its emphasis on rituals and ineffective kicks. Bimba encouraged adding new kicks to capoeira, as long as they were effective and incorporated into the basic footwork, '' ginga''. In declaration of his style in 1936, Bimba claimed to have subtracted two and added 15 kicks to traditional capoeira. Later, this number rose to 52 techniques fr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Capoeira Music
Capoeira music is the traditional musical accompaniment used in Afro-Brazilian art capoeira, featuring instruments like berimbau, pandeiro, atabaque, agogô, and reco-reco. The music plays a crucial role in capoeira '' roda'', setting the style the energy of a game. Music in the context of capoeira is used to create a sacred space through both the physical act of forming a circle ('' roda'') and an aural space that is believed to connect to the spirit world.Talmon-Chvaicer, M. (2004). Verbal and Non-Verbal Memory in Capoeira. Sport in Society, 7(1), 49–68. doi:10.1080/1461098042000220182 This deeper religious significance exists more as a social memory to most capoeira groups, but is generally understood as evidenced in the use of ngoma drums (the atabaques of candomblé), and the berimbau whose earlier forms were used in African rituals to speak with the ancestors. History In early days, capoeira was accompanied only by the big drum (known as ngoma, conga or atabaq ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Engolo
N'golo (anglicized as Engolo) is a traditional Bantu martial art and game from Angola, that combines elements of combat and dance, performed in a circle accompanied by music and singing. It is known as the forerunner of capoeira. Engolo has been played in Africa for centuries, specifically along the Cunene River in the Cunene Province of Angola. Ngolo finds its inspiration in nature, involving the imitation of animal behaviors. Examples include mimicking a zebra's kicking motion or emulating the swaying of trees. This warrior dance is not merely ritualistic; serious injuries have been known to occur during its practice. The combat style of engolo encompasses a variety of techniques, including different types of kicks, dodges, and takedowns, with a particular emphasis on inverted positions. Many of the iconic capoeira techniques, such as '' meia lua de compasso'', scorpion kick, '' chapa'', '' chapa de costas'', '' rasteira'', L-kick, and others, were originally developed wit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mestre Pastinha
Vicente Ferreira Pastinha (April 5, 1889, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil – November 13, 1981), known as Mestre Pastinha, was a ''mestre'' of the Afro-Brazilian martial art capoeira and a codifier of the traditional capoeira Angola style. Mestre Pastinha was a brilliant capoeirista whose game was characterized by agility, quickness and intelligence. He demonstrated that even in his seventies, he could engage in acrobatics and outperform much younger capoeiristas. He chose not to introduce new kicks in order to preserve the original art. He wanted his students to improve the principal techniques (''cabeçada'', '' rasteira'', '' rabo de arraia'', '' chapa de frente'', '' chapa de costas'', '' meia lua'' and ''cutilada de mão''), which allows a proper ''jogo de dentro'' (inner game) to develop. Pastinha was known as the "philosopher of capoeira" because of his use of many aphorisms. He made it his mission to clearly separate capoeira Angola from the violence. Two principal Pastinha' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mestre Acordeon
Ubirajara (Bira) Guimarães Almeida (born 1943), known as Mestre Acordeon, is a native of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, and a '' mestre'' of the Brazilian martial art Capoeira. His international reputation as a teacher, performer, musician, organizer, and author is built upon fifty years of active practice, as well as research into the origins, traditions, political connotations, and contemporary trends of Capoeira. Mestre Acordeon has traveled extensively to promote Capoeira outside Brazil.Almeida, Bira ''Capoeira: A Brazilian Art Form'', 2nd Ed. North Atlantic Books, 1993. Biography Acordeon was a student of Mestre Bimba in the late 1950s, and began teaching Capoeira himself in the early 1960s. In 1966, he founded the Grupo Folclorico da Bahia that performed the show ''Vem Camará: Histórias de Capoeira'' in thTeatro Jovemin Rio de Janeiro. The show presented an approach to Capoeira that influenced a new generation of young capoeiristas and affirmed the concept of grupo de C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Danmyé
The Danmyé or Ladja (also known as ''Ladjia'', ''Kokoyé'', ''Wonpwen'') is a martial art from Martinique that is similar to Brazilian capoeira and to other arts in various Caribbean islands (Guadeloupe, Haiti, Jamaica). Ladjia is based on the prominent use of kicks and head butts, as well as hand blows. While punches became more common in the late 20th century, earlier periods featured kicks, sweeps and acrobatic defenses. Danmyé represents martial practice where two players engage in combat within a circle (''won'') formed by supporters (''atlaj'') and spectators, regulated by an orchestra (''mizik-la''). The orchestra typically consists of a drum (''tambou''), played by two people, accompanied by chants, sometimes improvised, and rhythmic Clapping, hand claps. This music is directly connected to the Kalennda-Bèlè dances. One of the characteristics of Danmyé is the use of cunning to deceive the opponent. Name While ''danmyé'' and ''ladja'' are frequently confused now ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Batuque (Brazil)
Batuque (drumming) was a general term for various Afro-Brazilian practices in the 19th century, including music, dance, combat game and religion. ''Batuques'', or drumming ceremonies were an important cultural activity among the African population. These performance circles were a regular occurrence on Sunday evenings and holidays, drawing large crowds of enslaved Africans. Laws introduced in 1822 allowed police to shut down ''batuques''. Despite the police repression, the batuques persisted covertly at the town's outskirts or along the shoreline. Africans devised tactics to safeguard the batuques. They would scatter when the police approached and reconvene elsewhere to resume. In some cases, they responded to police repression with violence. Within the ''batuques'' gatherings, there were specific groups dedicated to a combat game known as ''pernada'' in Rio and ''batuque'' or ''batuque-boi'' in Salvador. In Bahia, the batuque dance evolved into various forms of samba, whil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moraingy
Moraingy is an unarmed, bare-fisted striking style of traditional martial art from Madagascar. Participation in this combat form was originally limited to young men, providing them opportunity to gain prestige and test their abilities, while allowing elders to judge their physical skills. Participants are called ''kidabolahy'' (young men) or ''kidabo mpanao moraingy'' (young people who practice moraingy) and are widely respected by fellow villagers. In the North, they are called ''Fagnorolahy'', and the assistants, ''magnafo''. Today, the sport is no longer restricted by gender. The forms of this combat game is known as ''mrengé'' in Comoros, ''morengy'' in Madagascar, and ''moringue'' in Réunion. ''Mrengé'', believed to be the oldest, is a furious fight using fists, kicks, grabbing and headbutts. There is only one other known African combat game that uses similar kicking techniques to moraingy: engolo, which is played in Angola. History ''Moraingy'' originated during ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
