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Zrinka Tamburašev
Zrinka Tamburašev was a Croatian scientist known for her work in the development of antibiotics such as oxytetracycline and azithromycin. Early life Tamburašev was born in Sisak, Kingdom of Yugoslavia, in 1921. She graduated in 1948 from the Chemical-Technological Department of the Technical Faculty in Zagreb and earned her doctorate in 1965. Career She joined the research institute of the pharmaceutical company Pliva, PLIVA in 1957, where she made several discoveries and patents in departments of microbiology, biochemistry, and biotechnology. While at PLIVA she led the group for semisynthetic macrolides from 1972 to 1974, and in 1974 she was named the head of the natural products department. In the mid-1960s, she worked with Slobodan Đokić on erythromycin A derivatives and on sulfonamide derivatives of erythromycylamine, with the idea of combining the properties of erythromycin and sulfonamides. She began work on the synthesis of individual phases for the preparation of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oxytetracycline
Oxytetracycline is a broad-spectrum tetracycline antibiotic, the second of the group to be discovered. Oxytetracycline works by interfering with the ability of bacteria to produce essential proteins. Without these proteins, the bacteria cannot grow, multiply and increase in numbers. Oxytetracycline therefore stops the spread of the infection, and the remaining bacteria are killed by the immune system or eventually die. Oxytetracycline is active against a wide variety of bacteria. However, some strains of bacteria have developed resistance to this antibiotic, which has reduced its effectiveness for treating some types of infections. Oxytetracycline is used to treat infections caused by ''Chlamydia'', such as psittacosis, trachoma, and urethritis, and infections caused by '' Mycoplasma'' organisms, such as pneumonia. Oxytetracycline is used to treat acne, due to its activity against the bacteria on the skin that influence the development of acne ('' Cutibacterium acnes''). It ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Slobodan Đokić
Slobodan ( sr-Cyrl, Слободан) is a Serbo-Croatian masculine given name which means "free" (''sloboda'' / meaning "freedom, liberty") used among other South Slavs as well. It was coined by Serbian liberal politician Vladimir Jovanović who, inspired by John Stuart Mill's essay ''On Liberty'' baptised his son as Slobodan in 1869 and his daughter Pravda (Justice) in 1871. It became popular in both the Kingdom of Yugoslavia (1918–1945) and the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (1945–1991) among various ethnic groups within Yugoslavia and therefore today there are also Slobodans among Croats, Slovenes and other Yugoslav peoples. During the decade after World War II, the name Slobodan (means "freedom") became the most popular Serbian male name, and it remained so until 1980. Common derived nicknames are Sloba, Slobo, Boban, Boba, Bobi and Čobi. The feminine counterpart is Slobodanka. A rare short form of the name Slobodan is Bodan, used sometimes in North Mace ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Women Chemists
A woman is an adult female human. Before adulthood, a female child or adolescent is referred to as a girl. Typically, women are of the female sex and inherit a pair of X chromosomes, one from each parent, and women with functional uteruses are capable of pregnancy and giving birth from puberty until menopause. More generally, sex differentiation of the female fetus is governed by the lack of a present, or functioning, ''SRY'' gene on either one of the respective sex chromosomes. Female anatomy is distinguished from male anatomy by the female reproductive system, which includes the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, and vulva. An adult woman generally has a wider pelvis, broader hips, and larger breasts than an adult man. These characteristics facilitate childbirth and breastfeeding. Women typically have less facial and other body hair, have a higher body fat composition, and are on average shorter and less muscular than men. Throughout human history, traditional ge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2003 Deaths
This is a list of lists of deaths of notable people, organized by year. New deaths articles are added to their respective month (e.g., Deaths in ) and then linked below. 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988 1987 1986 Earlier years ''Deaths in years earlier than this can usually be found in the main articles of the years.'' See also * Lists of deaths by day * Deaths by year (category) {{DEFAULTSORT:deaths by year ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1921 Births
Events January * January 2 ** The Association football club Cruzeiro Esporte Clube, from Belo Horizonte, is founded as the multi-sports club Palestra Italia by Italian expatriates in First Brazilian Republic, Brazil. ** The Spanish liner ''Santa Isabel'' breaks in two and sinks off Villa Garcia, Mexico, with the loss of 244 of the 300 people on board. * January 16 – The Marxist Left in Slovakia and the Transcarpathian Ukraine holds its founding congress in Ľubochňa. * January 17 – The first recorded public performance of the illusion of "sawing a woman in half" is given by English stage magician P. T. Selbit at the Finsbury Park Empire variety theatre in London. * January 20 – British K-class submarine HMS K5, HMS ''K5'' sinks in the English Channel; all 57 on board are lost. * January 21 – The full-length Silent film, silent comedy drama film ''The Kid (1921 film), The Kid'', written, produced, directed by and starring Charlie Chaplin (in his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United States Patent And Trademark Office
The United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) is an List of federal agencies in the United States, agency in the United States Department of Commerce, U.S. Department of Commerce that serves as the national patent office and trademark registration authority for the United States. The USPTO's headquarters are in Alexandria, Virginia, after a 2005 move from the Crystal City, Virginia, Crystal City area of neighboring Arlington County, Virginia, Arlington, Virginia. The USPTO is "unique among federal agencies because it operates solely on fees collected by its users, and not on taxpayer dollars". Its "operating structure is like a business in that it receives requests for services—applications for patents and trademark registrations—and charges fees projected to cover the cost of performing the services [it] provide[s]". The office is headed by the Under Secretary of Commerce for Intellectual Property, under secretary of commerce for intellectual property and directo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Croatia
Croatia, officially the Republic of Croatia, is a country in Central Europe, Central and Southeast Europe, on the coast of the Adriatic Sea. It borders Slovenia to the northwest, Hungary to the northeast, Serbia to the east, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Montenegro to the southeast, and shares a maritime border with Italy to the west. Its capital and largest city, Zagreb, forms one of the country's Administrative divisions of Croatia, primary subdivisions, with Counties of Croatia, twenty counties. Other major urban centers include Split, Croatia, Split, Rijeka and Osijek. The country spans , and has a population of nearly 3.9 million. The Croats arrived in modern-day Croatia, then part of Illyria, Roman Illyria, in the late 6th century. By the 7th century, they had organized the territory into Duchy of Croatia, two duchies. Croatia was first internationally recognized as independent on 7 June 879 during the reign of Duke Branimir of Croatia, Branimir. Tomislav of Croatia, Tomis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zagreb
Zagreb ( ) is the capital (political), capital and List of cities and towns in Croatia#List of cities and towns, largest city of Croatia. It is in the Northern Croatia, north of the country, along the Sava river, at the southern slopes of the Medvednica mountain. Zagreb stands near the international border between Croatia and Slovenia at an elevation of approximately above mean sea level, above sea level. At the 2021 census, the city itself had a population of 767,131, while the population of Zagreb metropolitan area is 1,086,528. The oldest settlement in the vicinity of the city was the Roman Andautonia, in today's Šćitarjevo. The historical record of the name "Zagreb" dates from 1134, in reference to the foundation of the settlement at Kaptol, Zagreb, Kaptol in 1094. Zagreb became a free royal city in 1242. In 1851, Janko Kamauf became Zagreb's List of mayors of Zagreb, first mayor. Zagreb has special status as a Administrative divisions of Croatia, Croatian administrative ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Azithromycin
Azithromycin, sold under the brand names Zithromax (in oral form) and Azasite (as an eye drop), is an antibiotic medication used for the treatment of several bacterial infections. This includes otitis media, middle ear infections, strep throat, pneumonia, traveler's diarrhea, Sexually transmitted infection, STI and certain other gastroenteritis, intestinal infections. Along with other medications, it may also be used for malaria. It is Drug administration, administered by mouth, intravenously, into a vein, or into the eye drops, eye. Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and upset stomach. An allergic reaction, such as anaphylaxis, or a type of diarrhea caused by Clostridioides difficile infection, ''Clostridioides difficile'' is possible. Azithromycin causes drug-induced QT prolongation, QT prolongation that may cause life-threatening arrhythmias such as torsades de pointes. While some studies claim that no harm has been found with use during pregnancy, more ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gabrijela Kobrehel
Gabrijela () is a Croatian given name. It may refer to: *Gabrijela Bartulović Gabrijela Bartulović (née Bešen; born 6 December 1994) is a Croatian handball player for Dunaújvárosi Kohász KA and the Croatia women's national handball team, Croatian national team. She participated at the 2016 European Women's Handball ... (born 1994), Croatian handball player * Gabrijela Skender (born 1999), Croatian cross-country skier * Gabriela Španić (born 1973), Venezuelan actress {{Given name Croatian feminine given names Feminine given names ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Macrocycle
Macrocycles are often described as molecules and ions containing a ring of twelve or more atoms. Classical examples include the crown ethers, calixarenes, porphyrins, and cyclodextrins. Macrocycles describe a large, mature area of chemistry. Synthesis The formation of macrocycles by ring-closure is called macrocyclization. The central challenge to macrocyclization is that ring-closing reactions do not favor the formation of large rings. Instead, medium sized rings or polymers tend to form. Early macrocyclizations were achieved ketonic decarboxylations for the preparation of terpenoid macrocycles. So, while Ružička was able to produce various macrocycles, the yields were low. This kinetic problem can be addressed by using high-dilution reactions, whereby intramolecular processes are favored relative to polymerizations. Reactions amenable to high dilution include Dieckmann condensation and related based-induced reactions of esters with remote halides. Some macrocyc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
