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Zacharias Kopystensky
Zacharias Kopystensky (born in Przemyśl, present-day Poland – died 21 March 1627) was archimandrite of the Kyiv Pechersk Lavra in Ukraine. He is best known for his polemic work ''Palinodiia'' (1621/3), in which he defended Eastern Orthodoxy against the Ruthenian Uniate Church. He also translated the '' Horologion'' and the works of John Chrysostom. He succeeded Yelisey Pletenetsky as archimandrite in 1624. Kopystensky studied at the Ostroh Academy. During his lifetime, Kyiv was part of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, and Kopystensky belonged to a circle of Orthodox clerics who promoted ideas of national liberation and cultural self-preservation. The authorship of the '' Hustyn Chronicle'', which traces the history of Ukraine up to 1598, has also been attributed to Kopystensky, but there are also some arguments why it may have been written by someone else. The '' Khlebnikov Codex'' or a closely related copy may have been present or known in the city of Kiev in the early ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zaharia Kopystensky
Zaharia is an Albanian and Romanian variant form of the given name or surname Zechariah/Zacharias. Notable people with this surname *Zaharia family, an Albanian noble family **Koja Zaharia **Lekë Zaharia ** Elia Zaharia *Alexandru Zaharia Alexandru Florian Zaharia (born 25 May 1990) is a Romanian professional footballer who plays as a left winger for Liga III club SCM Râmnicu Vâlcea. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, also referred to as Poland–Lithuania or the First Polish Republic (), was a federation, federative real union between the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland, Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, existing from 1569 to 1795. This state was among the largest, most populated countries of 16th- to 18th-century Europe. At its peak in the early 17th century, the Commonwealth spanned approximately and supported a multi-ethnic population of around 12 million as of 1618. The official languages of the Commonwealth were Polish language, Polish and Latin Language, Latin, with Catholic Church, Catholicism as the state religion. The Union of Lublin established the Commonwealth as a single entity on 1 July 1569. The two nations had previously been in a personal union since the Union of Krewo, Krewo Agreement of 1385 (Polish–Lithuanian union) and the subsequent marriage of Queen Jadwiga of Poland to Grand Duke Jogaila of Lithuania, who was cr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
17th-century Eastern Orthodox Clergy
The 17th century lasted from January 1, 1601 (represented by the Roman numerals MDCI), to December 31, 1700 (MDCC). It falls into the early modern period of Europe and in that continent (whose impact on the world was increasing) was characterized by the Baroque cultural movement, the latter part of the Spanish Golden Age, the Dutch Golden Age, the French ''Grand Siècle'' dominated by Louis XIV, the Scientific Revolution, the world's first public company and megacorporation known as the Dutch East India Company, and according to some historians, the General Crisis. From the mid-17th century, European politics were increasingly dominated by the Kingdom of France of Louis XIV, where royal power was solidified domestically in the civil war of the Fronde. The semi-feudal territorial French nobility was weakened and subjugated to the power of an absolute monarchy through the reinvention of the Palace of Versailles from a hunting lodge to a gilded prison, in which a greatly expanded ro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Archimandrites
The title archimandrite (; ), used in Eastern Christianity, originally referred to a Superior (hierarchy), superior abbot (''hegumenos'', , present participle of the verb meaning "to lead") whom a bishop appointed to supervise several "ordinary" abbots and monasteries, or as the abbot of some especially great and important monastery. In the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Eastern Catholic Churches, "archimandrite" is most often used purely as a title of honor (with no connection to any actual monastery) and is bestowed on a hieromonk as a mark of respect or gratitude for service to the Church. This title is only given to those Eastern Orthodox priest, priests who have been tonsured monks, while distinguished non-monastic (typically married) priests would be given the title of protopresbyter. In history, some Woman, women were able to obtain that title, notably when cross-dressing as male monks, such as Susanna the Deaconess. History The term ' derives from the Greek: the firs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1627 Deaths
Events January–March * January 26 – The Netherlands, Dutch ship '''t Gulden Zeepaert (schip, 1626), 't Gulden Zeepaert'', skippered by François Thijssen, makes the first recorded sighting of the coast of South Australia. * February 15 – The administrative rural parish of Iisalmi () is established in Savonia (historical province), Savonia, by order of King Gustavus Adolphus, Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden. * February 17 – England lands the first European settlers on Barbados. * March 3 – After the First Manchu invasion of Korea, the Joseon dynasty of Korea becomes a tributary state of the Manchu people, Manchus, but still pays respects to the Ming dynasty of China. After rejecting a Manchu alteration to the original diplomatic terms in 1636, the Manchus invade again in 1637. * March 17 – Maurice, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel, is forced to abdicate after his spending brings Hesse-Kassel to bankruptcy. His son takes over as William V, Landgrav ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Petro Mohyla
Petro Mohyla or Peter Mogila (21 December 1596 – ) was the Metropolis of Kiev, Galicia and all Rus' (1620–1686), Metropolitan of Kiev, Galicia and all Rus' in the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople in the Eastern Orthodox Church from 1633 to 1646. Family Petro Mohyla was born into the Movilești, House of Movilești, who were a family of Boyars of Moldavia and Wallachia, Romanian boyars. Several rulers of Moldavia and Wallachia were members of this family, including Mohyla's father, Simion Movilă, thus making him a prince. He was also a descendant of Stephen the Great, through the bloodline of his great-grandfather Peter IV Rareș, Petru Rareș. His uncles, Simion's brothers, were Gheorghe Movilă, the Metropolitan of Moldavia, and Ieremia Movilă, who also ruled Moldavia before and after the first reign of Simion. Petro Mohyla's mother, Marghita (Margareta), was the daughter of a Moldavian logothete, Gavrilaș Hâra. Petro Mohyla's sister Regina married prince Micha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Archimandrite
The title archimandrite (; ), used in Eastern Christianity, originally referred to a superior abbot ('' hegumenos'', , present participle of the verb meaning "to lead") whom a bishop appointed to supervise several "ordinary" abbots and monasteries, or as the abbot of some especially great and important monastery. In the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Eastern Catholic Churches, "archimandrite" is most often used purely as a title of honor (with no connection to any actual monastery) and is bestowed on a hieromonk as a mark of respect or gratitude for service to the Church. This title is only given to those priests who have been tonsured monks, while distinguished non-monastic (typically married) priests would be given the title of protopresbyter. In history, some women were able to obtain that title, notably when cross-dressing as male monks, such as Susanna the Deaconess. History The term ' derives from the Greek: the first element from ''archi-'' meaning "highest" ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harvard Ukrainian Studies
Harvard University is a private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States. Founded in 1636 and named for its first benefactor, the Puritan clergyman John Harvard, it is the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States. Its influence, wealth, and rankings have made it one of the most prestigious universities in the world. Harvard was founded and authorized by the Massachusetts General Court, the governing legislature of colonial-era Massachusetts Bay Colony. While never formally affiliated with any denomination, Harvard trained Congregational clergy until its curriculum and student body were gradually secularized in the 18th century. By the 19th century, Harvard emerged as the most prominent academic and cultural institution among the Boston elite. Following the American Civil War, under Harvard president Charles William Eliot's long tenure from 1869 to 1909, Harvard developed multiple professional schools, which transforme ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marginalia
Marginalia (or apostils) are marks made in the margin (typography), margins of a book or other document. They may be scribbles, comments, gloss (annotation), glosses (annotations), critiques, doodles, drolleries, or illuminated manuscript, illuminations. Biblical manuscripts Biblical manuscripts have notes in the margin, for liturgical use. Numbers of texts' divisions are given at the margin (, Ammonian Sections, Eusebian Canons). There are some scholia, corrections and other notes usually made later by hand in the margin. Marginalia may also be of relevance because many ancient or medieval writers of marginalia may have had access to other relevant texts that, although they may have been widely copied at the time, have since then been lost due to wars, prosecution, or censorship. As such, they might give clues to an earlier, more widely known context of the extant form of the underlying text than is currently appreciated. For this reason, scholars of ancient texts usually t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khlebnikov Codex
The ''Khlebnikov Codex'' (; ) is a codex of Rus' chronicles compiled in the 1560s. Provenance and physical description The ''Khlebnikov Codex'' was unexpectedly discovered in the summer of 1809. It is named after one of its previous owners, (), a merchant from Kolomna, Russia. The codex is currently preserved in the National Library of Russia with registration number "F.IV.230". Boris Kloss (2007) concluded that the entire text was copied by the same scribes. He identified the filigree – variants of a wild boar – with the no. 3661 type dated to 1560 by (1967), leading Kloss to the conclusion that 'the main part of the manuscript was written in the 1560s'. Aleksey Shakhmatov (1908) identified the text's language as "southern Rus', with very typical local features". Several notes on the final folio's verso confirm the southwestern provenance; one note mentions a certain "logothete Vitolt Maroc of the Moldavian land". This "Vitolt Maroc" () was identified as the codex' ow ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hustyn Chronicle
The ''Hustyn Chronicle'' is a 17th-century chronicle detailing the history of Ukraine until 1598. It was written in Church Slavonic. The ''Chronicle'' covers Ukraine's relationship with the Principality of Moscow and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the impact of the Turks and Tatars, and the origin of the Cossacks. It ends with the introduction of the Gregorian calendar (1582), and the Union of Brest (1596). Textual witnesses The original chronicle has not survived, but three copies of it have been preserved: * The Hustyn Copy, copied in 1670 by Hieromonach Mykhailo Losyts'kyi, who called it the "Ruthenian Chronicle". Preserved in the Russian State Library, manuscripts department, f. 205, no. 118. * The Mhar Monastery copy * The Archival copy Contents The ''Hustyn Chronicle'' begins with a few references to Bible stories, including the Genesis flood narrative and the Tower of Babel; thereafter, the legendary founding of Kyiv by Kyi, Shchek and Khoryv and Lybid' is narrated. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ostroh Academy
The Ostroh Academy (; ) was an influential institute of higher learning located in Ostroh in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. It is considered the first institution of higher education in the Eastern Slavic world, dating to 1576 and founded by the wealthy Ruthenian magnate Konstanty Wasyl Ostrogski. The academy was at the centre of what historians have dubbed the "Ostroh Renaissance", an Orthodox cultural revival led by the Rus’ magnates of Poland-Lithuania in resistance to the dominant Reformation and Counter-Reformation. Its crowning achievement was the publication of the Ostroh Bible in 1581, the first complete print of the Bible in a Slavic language, and an "epochal event in the life of the whole Orthodox world." History In the late 16th century, all higher schools of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth were under influence of Catholic or Protestant nobles. The Council of Trent (1545–63) and the activities of the Jesuits, under the guardianship of Sigism ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
