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Yolŋu Matha
The Yolngu or Yolŋu ( or ) are an aggregation of Aboriginal Australian people inhabiting north-eastern Arnhem Land in the Northern Territory of Australia. ''Yolngu'' means "person" in the Yolŋu languages. The terms Murngin, Wulamba, Yalnumata, Murrgin and Yulangor were formerly used by some anthropologists for the Yolngu. All Yolngu clans are affiliated with either the Dhuwa (also spelt Dua) or the Yirritja moiety. Prominent Dhuwa clans include the Rirratjiŋu and Gälpu clans of the Dangu people, while the Gumatj clan is the most prominent in the Yirritja moiety. Name The ethnonym Murrgin gained currency after its extensive use in a book by the American anthropologist W. Lloyd Warner, whose study of the Yolngu, ''A Black Civilization: a Social Study of an Australian Tribe'' (1937) quickly assumed the status of an ethnographical classic, considered by R. Lauriston Sharp the "first adequately rounded out descriptive picture of an Australian Aboriginal community." Norman Ti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yolŋu Languages
Yolŋu Matha (), meaning the 'Yolŋu tongue', is a linguistic family that includes the languages of the Yolngu (also known as the Yolŋu and Yuulngu languages), the Indigenous Australians, indigenous people of northeast Arnhem Land in northern Australia. Varieties Yolŋu Matha consists of about six languages, some mutually intelligible, divided into about thirty clan varieties and perhaps twelve different dialects, each with its own Yolŋu name. Put together, there are about 4600 speakers of Yolŋu Matha languages. Exogamy has often meant that mothers and fathers speak different languages, so that children traditionally grew up at least bilingual, and in many cases polylingual, meaning that communication was facilitated by mastery of multiple languages and dialects of Yolŋu Matha. The linguistic situation is very complicated, given that each of the 30 or so clans also has a named language variety. Dixon (2002) distinguishes the following: Bowern (2011) adds the varieties in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ethnonym
An ethnonym () is a name applied to a given ethnic group. Ethnonyms can be divided into two categories: exonyms (whose name of the ethnic group has been created by another group of people) and autonyms, or endonyms (whose name is created and used by the ethnic group itself). For example, the dominant ethnic group of Germany is the Germans. The ethnonym ''Germans'' is a Latin-derived exonym used in the English language, but the Germans call themselves , an endonym. The German people are identified by a variety of exonyms across Europe, such as (French language, French), (Italian language, Italian), (Swedish language, Swedish) and (Polish language, Polish). As a sub-field of anthroponymy, the study of ethnonyms is called ethnonymy or ethnonymics. Ethnonyms should not be confused with demonyms, which designate all the people of a geographic territory, regardless of ethnic or linguistic divisions within its population. Variations Numerous ethnonyms can apply to the same ethni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dhuwal
The Dhuwal are an indigenous Australian people of Arnhem Land in the Northern Territory. Language Dhuwal belongs to the Yolŋu-Matha branch of the Pama-Nyungan language family. Country The Dhuwal were described by Norman Tindale in 1974 as one of two groups of clans, the other being the Dhuwala, both living predominantly in the coastal area facing the Arafura Sea, and inhabiting the east Arnhem land coastal area reaching from Castlereagh Bay, Buckingham River, and the Koolatong River to the vicinity of Port Bradshaw. Tindale's approximate estimate of their land estates' extension, calculated together with that of the Dhuwala, was . In 1927 the missionary J. C. Jennison wrote down a list of some 900 words he heard from the indigenous people of Elcho Island, and modern linguistic analysis indicates that this word-list consists of vocabulary from the Dhuwal language. The implication is that Dhuwal estates also existed on that island. History of contact The first European to com ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ritharngu
The Ritharrngu (Ritharrŋu, Ritharngu) and also known as the Diakui (and variant spellings), are an Aboriginal Australian people of Arnhem Land in the Northern Territory, of the Yolŋu group of peoples. Their clans are Wagilak and Manggura (of the Dhuwa moiety), and Ritharrŋu (of the Yirritja moiety). Language The Ritharrŋu language is a Yolŋu Matha language. In modern times Ritharrŋu has been observed to be undergoing significant structural changes away from Yolŋu, with innovations in its morphosyntaxis through assimilation of features characteristic of Nunggubuyu and Ŋandi. Country The Ritharrŋu are estimated to have landed estates extending over approximately east and south of the Arafura Swamp The Arafura Swamp is a large inland freshwater wetland in Arnhem Land, in the Top End of the Northern Territory of Australia. It is a near pristine floodplain with an area of that may expand to by the end of the wet season, making it the largest .... They also inhabit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Djaŋu
The Djaŋu, otherwise written as Djangu and Django, are an Aboriginal Australian people of the area of Arnhem Land in Australia's Northern Territory. Their society is divided into two clans, the Waramiri and Man:atja. Name As with the Yolngu The Yolngu or Yolŋu ( or ) are an aggregation of Aboriginal Australian people inhabiting north-eastern Arnhem Land in the Northern Territory of Australia. ''Yolngu'' means "person" in the Yolŋu languages. The terms Murngin, Wulamba, Yalnuma ... categories generally, the determining factor for identifying the Djaŋu as a distinct tribal group is based on the shared use in its various dialects of the defining word for the demonstrative pronoun "this". Language The Djaŋu dialect belongs to the Yolŋu language family. Country The precise extent of Djaŋu country cannot be measured, given the fluid nature of the concept of tribal land in the area, but generally they live on the eastern coastland of Arnhem Bay, northwards as far as the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Djinba People
The Djinba are an Aboriginal Australian group of the Yolngu people of the Northern Territory. Name Their endonym Djinba comes from their word for the demonstrative pronoun "this". The two moieties are Ganalbingu (Ganhalpuyngu) and Mandjalpingu (Manydjalpuyngu). Language Djinba is one of the Yolŋu languages, and its closest relationship is to Djinang with which it is about 60% cognate. Country The Djinba were inlanders whose territory has been estimated to extend over some , running south from the Arafura Swamp's northern margin to the upper Goyder River. The Djinang lie to their north-west, the Rembarrnga directly west, while to their south were the Ngandi and Diakui people (Ritharrngu) tribes. Social organisation Norman Tindale claimed that the Djinba were the most northerly tribe in eastern Arnhem Land to retain the standard Australian tribal structure, meaning they were divided into Dua and Jiritja clans. Alternative names * ''Jinba'' * ''Outjanbah'' Notable people ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Djinang People
The Djinang are an Aboriginal Australian people of the Northern Territory. Name The tribal ethnonym comes from an old form of the proximate deictic ('this'), namely Country The Djinang territories are often described in a way that overlaps with those of the Yan-nhaŋu. Norman Tindale, for example, allocates to them the stretching over the Crocodile Islands and Milingimbi south to the mainland around the middle reaches of the Blyth River. On the continent they are said to extend east as far as the Glyde Inlet and river, as far as the northern margins of the Arafura Swamp. The modern authority on them, Bruce Waters, states that they are concentrated on the mainland, with only a few members on the islands. Language Djinang is classified as one of the Yolŋu languages, but is not mutually intelligible with them. It is most closely related to Djinba, with which it is about 60% cognate. In 1989 it was estimated that some 200 Djinang-speakers were living at Ramangiŋing, with sm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yan-nhaŋu
The Yan-nhaŋu, also known as the Nango, are an indigenous Australian people of the Northern Territory The Northern Territory (abbreviated as NT; known formally as the Northern Territory of Australia and informally as the Territory) is an states and territories of Australia, Australian internal territory in the central and central-northern regi .... They have strong sociocultural connections with their neighbours, the Burarra, on the Australian mainland. Name The Yan-nhaŋu people derive their ethnonym from the language they spoke, ''yän'' meaning 'tongue/speech' and ''nhaŋu'' a proximate deictic word signifying 'this'. Language Yan-nhangu is a member of the Yolŋu language family. Country In his classic survey of Australian tribes, Norman Tindale assigned their modern territory to the Djinang people. He writes that the Yan-nhaŋu (''Nango'') were indigenous to the Wessel Islands east of Brown Strait (from Jirrgari island to Cape Wessel), Galiwin'ku/Elcho Island ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caledon Bay
Caledon Bay is a bay in Arnhem Land, in the Northern Territory of Australia, at approximately 12.8° S, 136.5° E. It is perhaps most famous as the home of a group of Yolngu people who were key players in the Caledon Bay crisis, which marked a turning point in the relationship between Indigenous Indigenous may refer to: *Indigenous peoples *Indigenous (ecology) In biogeography, a native species is indigenous to a given region or ecosystem if its presence in that region is the result of only local natural evolution (though often populari ... and non-Indigenous Australians. Caledon Bay is also the place where Matthew Flinders recorded on 3 February 1803 an encounter with some Aboriginal people and he described them as "Australians". This is one of the first recorded uses of the word to describe the inhabitants of the Continent. He had used the word in his journal before on 3 March 1802 when he saw 3 or 4 Indigenous people near what is now Port Lincoln. References Bays ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Exonym
An endonym (also known as autonym ) is a common, name for a group of people, individual person, geographical place, language, or dialect, meaning that it is used inside a particular group or linguistic community to identify or designate themselves, their place of origin, or their language. An exonym (also known as xenonym ) is an established, ''non-native'' name for a group of people, individual person, geographical place, language, or dialect, meaning that it is used primarily outside the particular place inhabited by the group or linguistic community. Exonyms exist not only for historico-geographical reasons but also in consideration of difficulties when pronouncing foreign words, or from non-systematic attempts at transcribing into a different writing system. For instance, is the endonym for the country that is also known by the exonyms ''Germany'' and in English and Italian, respectively, and in Spanish and French, respectively, in Polish, and and in Finni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rembarrnga
The Rembarrnga people, also spelt Rembarunga and other variants, are an Aboriginal Australian people of the Northern Territory The Northern Territory (abbreviated as NT; known formally as the Northern Territory of Australia and informally as the Territory) is an states and territories of Australia, Australian internal territory in the central and central-northern regi .... Language The Rembarrnga language is a non-Pama-Nyungan language belonging to the Gunwinyguan language family. Country Rembarrnga country covered some , extending from the headwaters of the Mann, Cadell, Wilton, and Blyth rivers, to the arid plateau to the south. Alternative names * ''Rembarrnga, Rembaranga, Rembarnga, Rembranga'' * ''Ranjbarngo, Rainbarngo, Reinbaranga'' * ''Rembarrna'' * ''Maiadi'' * ''Maieli, Majali, Maiali, Maielli'' Notes Citations Sources * * {{authority control Aboriginal peoples of the Northern Territory Arnhem Land ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Common Shovelnose Ray
The common shovelnose ray, giant shovelnose ray or giant guitarfish (''Glaucostegus typus'') is a species of fish in the Rhinobatidae family found in the central Indo-Pacific, ranging from India to the East China Sea, Solomon Islands and northern Australia. It is found in shallow coastal areas to a depth of at least , including mangrove, estuaries and reportedly also in freshwaters. It reaches up to in length, and is greyish-brown to yellowish-brown above with a paler snout. This species has been tested for colour vision using choice experiments that control for brightness. It was the first rigorous behavioural evidence for colour vision in any elasmobranch Elasmobranchii () is a subclass of Chondrichthyes or cartilaginous fish, including modern sharks ( division Selachii), and batomorphs (division Batomorphi, including rays, skates, and sawfish). Members of this subclass are characterised by h .... Habitat Glaucostegus typus inhabits a range of environments, including ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
