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Wilopo
Wilopo ( ; 21 October 1909 – 1 June 1981) was an Indonesian politician and lawyer of the Indonesian National Party (PNI), who served as the seventh prime minister of Indonesia from his appointment in April 1952 until his resignation in June 1953. Generally considered a member of the PNI's liberal wing, Wilopo's cabinet was described as "bolder and more ambitious than any other cabinet of the post-revolutionary period". Wilopo was born to a Muslim family in Purworejo, in what was then the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia). He attended the '' Technischeh Hoge School'' in Bandung, before dropping out due to asthma. In 1930, he became a teacher at a Taman Siswa school, before entering the '' Rechts Hogeschool'' (RHS) three years later. In the RHS, Wilopo became involved in the struggle for Indonesia's independence, taking an attitude of "no-cooperation" towards the colonial government. After graduating in 1939, he became an unlicensed solicitor. Following the proclamation of in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prawoto Mangkusasmito
Prawoto Mangkusasmito (4 January 1910 – 24 July 1970) was an Indonesian politician who served as the final chairman of the Masyumi political party prior to its dissolution in 1960. He also served as the Deputy Prime Minister of Indonesia during the Wilopo Cabinet between 1952 and 1953. He originated from a ''santri'' family from Central Java and studied law in Batavia, although the Japanese occupation began before he completed his studies. Joining Masyumi after Indonesian independence, he became a prominent member of parliament and along with Wilopo of the Indonesian National Party formed the Wilopo Cabinet. Due to other Masyumi leaders' involvement in the Revolutionary Government of the Republic of Indonesia, Prawoto took over its leadership in 1959, unsuccessfully attempting to recover the party's political position prior to its dissolution in 1960. Continuing to criticize Sukarno's Guided Democracy, he was arrested in 1962. Following his release in 1966, his attempts to r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soemanang
Soemanang Soerjowinoto ( EYD: Sumanang Suryowinoto, 1 May 1908 – 13 June 1988) was an Indonesian journalist, politician, and banker. Born in Yogyakarta, Soemanang entered journalism after working in law for some time, founding his first newspaper in 1937. He was one of the co-founders of the Antara news agency and he was a chief editor of the '' Pemandangan'' newspaper during the Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies. After Indonesia's independence, he founded the '' Nasional'' newspaper, became the first chairman of the Indonesian Journalists Association, and joined the Central Indonesian National Committee, becoming a senator in the United States of Indonesia and later Minister of Economic Affairs under Wilopo's prime ministership. Following this political career, Soemanang served as directors in two banks before becoming an executive director at the International Monetary Fund. Early life and education Soemanang was born in Yogyakarta, then part of the Dutch East In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soekiman Wirjosandjojo
Soekiman Wirjosandjojo ( EYD: Sukiman Wiryosanjoyo; 19June 1898 – 23July 1974) was an Indonesian politician and physician who served as prime minister of Indonesia from 1951 until 1952. A member of the Masyumi Party, he also served as the party's first chairman. Born into a merchant family in Surakarta, Soekiman was educated as a physician at Batavia's STOVIA medical school and at Amsterdam University. Having served as chairman of the '' Perhimpoenan Indonesia'' association while in the Netherlands, he returned to Java and began participating in politics while working as a doctor. He was active within the Islamic political organization Sarekat Islam, although he was expelled in 1933 due to a dispute and founded his own Islamic political party. During the Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies, he was active within the Pusat Tenaga Rakyat propaganda organization, and in 1945 was appointed a member of the Investigating Committee for Preparatory Work for Independence. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Supreme Advisory Council
The Supreme Advisory Council ( id, Dewan Pertimbangan Agung, DPA), is a defunct advisory council for the President of Indonesia. Its function was to give advice on state and foreign affairs. Background There was no credible source about the background of the council's formation when it was embodied in the Constitution of Indonesia. In the supplement of the constitution, the council was compared to the Council of State, leading to possibility that the council was based on the in the Dutch East Indies. In the founding fathers of Indonesia itself, there was an opinion that the council was based on the village traditions in Indonesia, on which the villagers decided matters and resolve conflict with a "council of elders". This "council of elders" was in par with the Supreme Advisory Council, which was composed of retired politicians. History Formation The council was established one month and one week after the proclamation of independence of the Republic of Indonesia. When it w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ali Sastroamidjojo
Ali Sastroamidjojo ( EYD: Ali Sastroamijoyo; 21 May 1903 – 13 March 1975) was an Indonesian politician and diplomat who served as prime minister of Indonesia from 1953 until 1955 and again from 1956 until 1957. He also served as the Indonesian Permanent Representative to the United Nations from 1957 until 1960, the first Indonesian Ambassador to the United States, the first Indonesian Ambassador to Canada and the first Indonesian Ambassador to Mexico. In addition, he was also appointed chairman of the Asian-African Conference in Bandung, and also was the chairman of the Indonesian National Party (PNI), from 1960 until 1966. Raden Ali Sastroamidjojo was born in Grabag, Central Java, in what was then the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia), to an aristocratic family of the Magelang Regency belonging to the Indonesian elite. In his youth, he was active in a number of youth organizations, including the Jong Java and the Perhimpoenan Indonesia associations. Because of his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ministry Of Foreign Affairs (Indonesia)
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs (, abbreviated as ''Kemlu'') or commonly known by its abbreviations as, is an Indonesian government ministry responsible for Indonesia, the country's foreign politics and diplomacy. The ministry was formerly known as the Department of Foreign Affairs (, abbreviated as ''Deplu'') until 2008 when the nomenclature changed with the enactment of the 2008 State Ministry Act (). Ministry of Foreign Affairs is one of three ministries, along with Ministry of Defence (Indonesia), Ministry of Defense and Ministry of Home Affairs (Indonesia), Ministry Home Affairs, that is explicitly mentioned in the Constitution of Indonesia, hence the President of Indonesia, president has no authority to dissolve the ministry. According to Article 8 of the Constitution, in case that both the president and the vice president can no longer serve at the same time, the line of succession temporarily falls to a ''troika'' of minister of foreign affairs, minister of home affairs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sujono Hadinoto
Sujono Hadinoto ( EVO: Soejono Hadinoto; 28 June 1915 – 29 December 1977) was an Indonesian politician, lawyer, and academician. Born in Blora Regency, he studied law in the '' Rechts Hogeschool''. After graduating, he became active in the Indonesian independence movement. During the Indonesian National Revolution, Sujono became a member of the Indonesian National Party, later serving as party chairman from 1947 until 1950. Following the recognition of Indonesian sovereignty, he served as Minister of Economic Affairs in the Soekiman Cabinet. He later became dean of the Faculty of Law of the University of Indonesia. In 1964, he was appointed to the Supreme Advisory Council by Sukarno, and in 1966, he was appointed Ambassador of Indonesia to Hungary. He died on 29 December 1977 in Jakarta, and was buried in Bogor. Early life and career Sujono Hadinoto was born on 8 June 1915, in Blora, Central Java, in what was then the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia). He beg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constitutional Assembly Of Indonesia
The Constitutional Assembly ( id, Konstituante) was a body elected in 1955 to draw up a permanent constitution for the Republic of Indonesia. It sat between 10 November 1956 and 2 July 1959. It was dissolved by then President Sukarno in a decree issued on 5 July 1959 which reimposed the 1945 Constitution. Background On 17 August 1945, Sukarno proclaimed the independence of the Republic of Indonesia. The next day, a meeting of the Preparatory Committee for Indonesian Independence chaired by President Sukarno officially adopted the Constitution of Indonesia, which had been drawn up by the Investigating Committee for Preparatory Work for Independence in the months leading up to the Japanese surrender. In a speech, Sukarno stated that the constitution was "a temporary constitution... a lightning constitution", and that a more permanent version would be drawn up when circumstances permitted. It was not until 1949 that the Netherlands formally transferred sovereignty to Indo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indonesian National Party
The Indonesian National Party ( id, Partai Nasional Indonesia, PNI) was the name used by several nationalist political parties in Indonesia from 1927 until the 2000s. The first PNI was established by future President Sukarno. After independence, the new PNI supplied a number of prime ministers, and participated in the majority of cabinets in the 1950s and 1960s. The party was fused into the Indonesian Democratic Party in 1973. In the years following the reforms of the late 1990s, a number of parties claiming to be the continuation of previous PNIs stood in elections, but gained only a handful of seats. Pre-independence In November 1925, Sukarno, then a young engineer studying at the Bandung Technical College, founded the ''Algemeene Studie Club'', a study club inspired by a similar organization founded by Soetomo in Surabaya. The study club was later reformed on 4 July 1927 into a movement called the Indonesian National Association. In May 1928, the name was changed to the Indones ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Achmad Soebardjo
Achmad Soebardjo Djojoadisoerjo (23 March 1896 – 15 December 1978) was a diplomat, one of Indonesia's founding fathers, and an Indonesian national hero. He was the first Foreign Minister of Indonesia. In 1933, he received the degree '' Meester in de Rechten'' from Leiden University, Netherlands. Early life Achmad Soebardjo was born in Teluk Jambe, Karawang Regency, West Java, on 23 March 1896. His father was Teuku Muhammad Yusuf, an Acehnese patrician from Pidie. His paternal grandfather was an ulama and his father was the chief of police in Teluk Jambe, Karawang. His mother was Wardinah. She was of Javanese- Buginese descent, from ''Camat'' in Telukagung, Cirebon. Initially, his father gave him the name Teuku Abdul Manaf, but his mother gave him the name Achmad Subardjo. Djojoadisoerjo was added by himself after he was arrested and imprisoned in Ponorogo Prison because of his involvement with the " July 3, 1946 Incident". He studied at Hogere Burgerschool Jakarta in 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Purworejo Regency
Purworejo is a regency ( id, kabupaten) in the southern part of Central Java province in Indonesia. It covers an area of 1,034.82 km2 and had a population of 695,427 at the 2010 Census and 769,880 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2021 was 773,588. Its capital is the town of Purworejo. History Ancient Mataram Hindu Period (8th–9th century AD) The history of Purworejo is first recorded on Kayu Ara Hiwang inscription on 5 October 901, which is being found in Boro Wetan Village The area was originally known by the name 'Bagelen' (read /ba·gə·lɛn/) and it is now become a smaller part of the whole Purworejo regency. In the 9th centuries, Bagelen is part of the history of the ancient Mataram Hindu civilization (See: Medang Kingdom) which was flourished on Kedu Plain. It is estimated that within the period of Rakai Watukara Dyah Balitung, Bagelen had become the capital of the Mataram Hindu Kingdom or that it is the origin of the king as Watukara is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gerindo
Gerindo (Indonesian People's Movement) ( id, Gerakan Rakyat Indonesia) was a pre-independence leftist nationalist political party in Indonesia. It adopted an anti-fascist stance, supporting the Dutch against the common threat from Imperial Japan, seeing this as a higher priority than immediate Indonesian independence. It subsequently joined with other nationalist parties to form the Indonesian Political Federation (GAPI). Background In 1931, Bonifacius Cornelis de Jonge became Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies and took a more hardline approach to Indonesian nationalist movements than his predecessor. As part of the clampdown, non-cooperative nationalist leader Sukarno was arrested in November 1934 followed by Hatta and Sjahrir three months later. All were exiled, while Sukarno's Indonesia party (Partindo) party, found itself leaderless. By 1935, as a result of legislation, detentions and police actions, the only non-cooperative party function was the small Indonesian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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