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Władysław Machejek
Władysław Machejek (February 25, 1920 – December 21, 1991) was a communist apparatchik, official, writer, publicist and Hoax, hoax artist during the Ministry of Public Security (Poland)#The Stalinist reign of terror, Stalinist reign of terror in Poland following World War II. He wrote fabricated accounts of Cursed soldiers, anti-communist underground mainly for his own political gains as regional party secretary and later member of the communist highest parliamentary echelons. Due to the coarse and infamous nature of his works, he has been described as a "legendary socialist scribbler". Biography Machejek was born on February 25, 1920, into a peasant family in the hamlet of Chodów, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, Chodów. He joined the Communist Party of Poland as a youth. During World War II he served in the Soviet-sponsored partisan organizations Gwardia Ludowa and Armia Ludowa. After the war he became a member of the new Polish communist party PZPR and took over the post of i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chodów, Lesser Poland Voivodeship
Chodów is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Charsznica, within Miechów County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. It lies approximately south-east of Charsznica, north-west of Miechów, and north of the regional capital Kraków , officially the Royal Capital City of Kraków, is the List of cities and towns in Poland, second-largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, the city has a population of 804,237 .... References Villages in Miechów County {{Miechów-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nowy Targ
Nowy Targ (Officially: ''Royal Free city of Nowy Targ'', Yiddish: ''Naymark'', Gorals, Goral dialect: ''Nowy Torg'' ) is a town in southern Poland, in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship. It is located in the Orava-Nowy Targ Basin at the foot of the Gorce Mountains, at the confluence of the Czarny Dunajec (river), Czarny Dunajec and the Biały Dunajec (river), Biały Dunajec. It is the seat of the Nowy Targ County and the rural Gmina Nowy Targ, as well as the Tatra Euroregion. With 33,293 inhabitants, Nowy Targ is the largest town and the historic capital of Podhale, as well as its main commercial, communication and industrial center. The town has the Podhale State Vocational University in Nowy Targ, Podhale State Vocational University and the Nowy Targ Airport, highest located airport in Poland. Established before 1233, Nowy Targ received city rights on 22 June 1346 from King Casimir III the Great, Casimir the Great. The historic architectural and urban complex of the town with a Mar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jan Tomasz Gross
Jan Tomasz Gross (born 1947) is a Polish-American sociologist and historian. He is the Norman B. Tomlinson '16 and '48 Professor of War and Society emeritus and professor of history emeritus at Princeton University. Gross is the author of several books on Polish history, particularly Polish-Jewish relations during World War II and the Holocaust, including '' Neighbors: The Destruction of the Jewish Community in Jedwabne, Poland'' (2001); '' Fear: Anti-Semitism in Poland after Auschwitz'' (2006); and, with Irena Grudzinska Gross, '' Golden Harvest'' (2012). Early life and education Gross was born in Warsaw to Hanna Szumańska, a member of the Polish resistance (Armia Krajowa) in World War II, and Zygmunt Gross, a lawyer who was a Polish Socialist Party member before the war broke out. His grandfather was a well-known Jewish liberal. His mother was Christian and his father Jewish. His mother's first husband, who was Jewish, was killed after a neighbor denounced him. She rescued ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Onet
Onet.pl is the largest Polish-language web portal and online news platform. According to Digital News Report, it is the largest online news source in the country, reaching 42% Internet users every week. It is also one of the most-quoted news media in Poland. History and ownership It was founded in 1996 by Optimus company and is owned by the Kraków-based Grupa Onet.pl S.A. According to Alexa rankings, as of October 2017, it was the 45th most popular website worldwide and the 3rd most popular site in Poland. As of December 2016, it is the 6th most visited website in Poland, 311th in the UK, and 375th worldwide. Ringier Axel Springer Media AG holds the majority of Onet since 2012. Services Among its services is a Polish online encyclopedia, the WIEM Encyklopedia. It also has a licence for Rebtel service (marketed in Poland as OnetRebtel) and Skype service (marketed in Poland as OnetSkype). Its other services include email, web hosting, Usenet access, web forums and online ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Motley Crew
Motley is the traditional costume of the court jester, the motley fool, or the arlecchino character in ''commedia dell'arte''. The harlequin wears a patchwork of red, green and blue diamonds that is still a fashion motif. The word ''motley'' is described in the Oxford English Dictionary as a cognate of ''medley'', although the unrelated ''mottled'' has also contributed to the meaning. The word is most commonly used as an adjective or noun, but is also seen as a verb and adverb. When used as a noun, it can mean "a varied mixture". As an adjective, it is generally disparaging: a ''motley collection'' is an uninspiring pile of stuff, as in the cliché motley crew. The word originated in England between the 14th and 17th centuries and referred to a woollen fabric of mixed colours.Apparel Search GlossarRetrieved on: 15 Jan 2020 It was the characteristic dress of the professional fool. During the reign of Elizabeth I of England, Elizabeth I, motley served the important purpose of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tygodnik Powszechny
''Tygodnik Powszechny'' (, ''The Common Weekly'') is a Polish Roman Catholic weekly magazine, published in Kraków, which focuses on social, cultural and political issues. It was established in 1945 under the auspices of Cardinal Adam Stefan Sapieha. Jerzy Turowicz was its editor-in-chief until his death in 1999. He was succeeded by Adam Boniecki, a priest. ''Tygodnik Powszechny'' often covers politics, religion, culture, society, History of the Jews in Poland, Polish-Jewish relations and international affairs. Its foreign department publishes stories by correspondents all over the world, including Europe, the United States, Asia, Africa and the Middle East. Writer and reporter Wojciech Jagielski has been a member of the international department since 2017. History Cardinal Adam Stefan Sapieha helped found the weekly magazine ''Tygodnik Powszechny'', whose first edition was published on 24 March 1945, during the closing months of World War II. Initially, its editorial staff had ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Józef Kuraś
Józef Kuraś (23 October 1915 – 22 February 1947), noms-de-guerre "Orzeł" (Eagle) and from June 1943 "Ogień" (Fire), was born in Waksmund near Nowy Targ. He served as lieutenant in the Polish Army during the invasion of Poland, and became an underground member of Armia Krajowa and Bataliony Chłopskie in the Podhale region. After the end of World War II, he continued his fight against the Communist authorities and was one of the leaders of the so-called " cursed soldiers". Kuraś died in Nowy Targ on 22 February 1947 after attempting suicide, having been ambushed at Ostrowsko by units of the Polish secret police. A controversial historical figure, he has been accused of antisemitism and committing war crimes by multiple groups and organisations, including those representing Jewish and Slovak communities in Poland and the Slovakian National Memory Institute, and by scholars like Jan T. Gross. In 2006, the Polish president Lech Kaczyński opened an official memorial in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Podhale
Podhale (; ), sometimes referred to as the Polish Highlands, is Poland's southernmost region. The Podhale is located in the foothills of the Tatra range of the Carpathian Mountains. It is the most famous region of the Goral Lands which are a network of historical regions inhabited by Gorals. Local folklore The region is characterized by its unique folklore, which is distinct from other folk cultures in Poland. Its folklore was brought there mainly by settlers from the Lesser Poland region further north and partly by Wallachian (Vlach) settlers in the centuries during their migrations. The name Podhale literally translates as "below the mountains" in English. It is a combination of two words. In the Gorals dialect, the Alpine tundra is called hala (plural: hale), "pod" in Polish is the English "under". The Podhale dialect of Polish as well as standard Polish are spoken in the region. Regional attractions Among the region's attractions are the popular mountain resort ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Autumn Of Nations
The revolutions of 1989, also known as the Fall of Communism, were a revolutionary wave of liberal democracy movements that resulted in the collapse of most Marxist–Leninist governments in the Eastern Bloc and other parts of the world. This revolutionary wave is sometimes referred to as the Autumn of Nations, a play on the term Spring of Nations that is sometimes used to describe the revolutions of 1848 in Europe. The revolutions of 1989 were a key factor in the dissolution of the Soviet Union—one of the two global superpowers—and in the abandonment of communist regimes in many parts of the world, some of which were violently overthrown. These events drastically altered the world's balance of power, marking the end of the Cold War and the beginning of the post-Cold War era. The earliest recorded protests which led to the revolutions began in Poland on 14 August 1980, the massive general strike across the entire nation which led to the Gdańsk Agreement on 31 August ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romania
Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern and Southeast Europe. It borders Ukraine to the north and east, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, Bulgaria to the south, Moldova to the east, and the Black Sea to the southeast. It has a mainly continental climate, and an area of with a population of 19 million people. Romania is the List of European countries by area, twelfth-largest country in Europe and the List of European Union member states by population, sixth-most populous member state of the European Union. Europe's second-longest river, the Danube, empties into the Danube Delta in the southeast of the country. The Carpathian Mountains cross Romania from the north to the southwest and include Moldoveanu Peak, at an altitude of . Bucharest is the country's Bucharest metropolitan area, largest urban area and Economy of Romania, financial centre. Other major urban centers, urban areas include Cluj-Napoca, TimiÈ™ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Party Line (politics)
In politics, "the line", "the party line", or "the lines to take" is an idiom for a political party or social movement's canon agenda, as well as ideological elements specific to the organization's partisanship. The common phrase " toeing the party line" describes a person who speaks in a manner that conforms to their political party's position, with the position frequently defined by the party leadership. The party structure pushing its representatives in parliament to vote along the line is referred to as party discipline, and efforts to enforce it are referred to as " whipping". Likewise, a party-line vote is one in which most or all of the legislators from each political party voted in accordance with that party's policies. In several countries, a whip attempts to ensure this. The Marxist–Leninist concept of democratic centralism involves strict adherence to, and defence of, a communist party's positions in public known as the general line of the party or politic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Życie Literackie
''Życie'' (, "Life") was an illustrated weekly established in 1897 and published in Kraków and Lwów in the Austrian partition of Poland. Founded by Ludwik Szczepański, with time it became one of the most popular Polish literary and artistic journals. Although short-lasting (it went bankrupt in 1900), it shaped an entire generation of Polish artists and art critics, notably those associated with the so-called Young Poland. Initially the weekly was focused on current news, politics, social and national matters in what was then the Austro-Hungarian Galicia. Among its collaborators and correspondents in the early period were Socialist journalists Kazimierz Kelles-Krauz, Iza Moszczeńska and Wilhelm Feldman. The magazine was initially a commercial failure and failed to gain enough readership. Under such circumstances the title was bought by Ignacy Sewer-Maciejowski, who offered the job of editor in chief to Stanisław Przybyszewski, who refocused the magazine to art a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
