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Wołuszewo
Wołuszewo is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Aleksandrów Kujawski, within Aleksandrów County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies north-east of Aleksandrów Kujawski and south-east of Toruń. It is located in the historic region of Kuyavia. History Wołuszewo was mentioned in documents in 1583. It had a population of 340 in 1827 During the German occupation of Poland (World War II), in October 1939–January 1940, the Germans murdered many Poles from the village in the nearby Odolion forest, and at about the same time they expelled hundreds of Poles, who were either deported to the General Government or held as forced labour, while their farms were handed over to Germans as part of the ''Lebensraum'' policy (see ''Nazi crimes against the Polish nation''). Transport The Polish north-south A1 motorway runs nearby, west of the village. Cuisine The officially protected traditional food originating from Wołuszewo is local butte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gmina Aleksandrów Kujawski
__NOTOC__ Gmina Aleksandrów Kujawski is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Aleksandrów County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Aleksandrów Kujawski, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,874. Villages Gmina Aleksandrów Kujawski contains the villages of Białe Błota, Chrusty, Goszczewo, Grabie, Konradowo, Kuczek, Łazieniec, Nowa Wieś, Nowy Ciechocinek, Odolion, Opoczki, Opoki, Ośno, Ośno-Parcele, Ostrowąs, Otłoczyn, Otłoczynek, Pinino, Plebanka, Poczałkowo, Poczałkowo-Kolonia, Podgaj, Przybranówek, Przybranowo, Rudunki, Słomkowo, Słońsk Dolny, Służewo, Stara Wieś, Stare Rożno, Stawki, Wilkostowo, Wólka, Wołuszewo, Wygoda, Zduny and Zgoda. Neighbouring gminas Gmina Aleksandrów Kujawski is bordered by the towns of Aleksandrów Kujawski and Ciechocinek, and by the gminas of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Odolion
Odolion is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Aleksandrów Kujawski, within Aleksandrów County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies east of Aleksandrów Kujawski and south-east of Toruń. History and development Odolion is located 3 km away from the famous Polish spa town of Ciechocinek and 5 km from Aleksandrów Kujawski, an important national railway interchange. A railway runs directly between these two towns, stopping only at Odolion in between. The main purpose of the railway line was to take visitors from all parts of the country to Ciechocinek, a small principality, via Aleksandrów Kujawski. It is however a major means of transport for the people of Odolion, taking them to school, work, and for leisure. During the German occupation of Poland (World War II), the German police massacred 266 Poles from Aleksandrów Kujawski, Ciechocinek and Wołuszewo in the Odolion forest throughout October 1939–January 1940 (see ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Sovereign States
The following is a list providing an overview of sovereign states around the world with information on their status and recognition of their sovereignty. The 205 listed states can be divided into three categories based on membership within the United Nations System: 193 member states of the United Nations, UN member states, two United Nations General Assembly observers#Current non-member observers, UN General Assembly non-member observer states, and ten other states. The ''sovereignty dispute'' column indicates states having undisputed sovereignty (188 states, of which there are 187 UN member states and one UN General Assembly non-member observer state), states having disputed sovereignty (15 states, of which there are six UN member states, one UN General Assembly non-member observer state, and eight de facto states), and states having a political status of the Cook Islands and Niue, special political status (two states, both in associated state, free association with New ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Butter
Butter is a dairy product made from the fat and protein components of Churning (butter), churned cream. It is a semi-solid emulsion at room temperature, consisting of approximately 81% butterfat. It is used at room temperature as a spread (food), spread, melted as a condiment, and used as a Cooking fat, fat in baking, sauce-making, pan frying, and other cooking procedures. Most frequently made from cow's milk, butter can also be manufactured from the milk of other mammals, including Sheep milk, sheep, Goat milk, goats, Buffalo milk, buffalo, and Yak milk, yaks. It is made by churning milk or cream to separate the fat globules from the buttermilk. Dairy salt, Salt has been added to butter since antiquity to help Food preservation, preserve it, particularly when being transported; salt may still play a preservation role but is less important today as the entire supply chain is usually refrigerated. In modern times, salt may be added for taste and food coloring added for color. Kit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Traditional Food
Traditional foods are foods and Dish (food), dishes that are passed on through generations or which have been consumed for many generations. Traditional foods and dishes are traditional in nature, and may have a historic precedent in a national dish, regional cuisine or local cuisine. Traditional foods and beverages may be produced as homemade, by restaurants and small manufacturers, and by large food processing plant facilities. Some traditional foods have geographical indications and traditional specialties in the European Union designations per European Union schemes of geographical indications and traditional specialties: Protected designation of origin (PDO), Protected geographical indication (PGI) and Geographical indications and traditional specialties in the European Union#Traditional specialties guaranteed (TSG), Traditional specialties guaranteed (TSG). These standards serve to promote and protect names of quality agricultural products and foodstuffs. This article also ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
A1 Autostrada (Poland)
The autostrada A1, officially named Amber Highway () is a north–south motorway in Poland that runs from Gdańsk on the Baltic Sea, through Łódź and the Upper Silesian Industry Area (to the west of Katowice), to the Polish-Czech border in Gorzyczki/ Věřňovice, where it connects with the motorway D1. Its total length is . Except for its southernmost section, A1 is a part of European route E75. The motorway was constructed between 2005 and 2022. The section from Gdańsk to Toruń is tolled (see Tolls). History of construction The construction of the A1 motorway has been a highly politicized issue in Poland, as it is perceived to be an economically vital road that would connect the country's major ports on the Baltic coast with both central and southern Poland. One short fragment (17 km) was constructed in years 1978 – 1989, one of the first motorway stretches built under communist regime. Since 1989 various governments and political parties have supported ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nazi Crimes Against The Polish Nation
War crime, Crimes against the Polish nation committed by Nazi Germany and Axis powers, Axis collaborationist forces during the invasion of Poland, along with Schutzmannschaft#Police battalions, auxiliary battalions during the subsequent occupation of Poland in World War II, included the genocide of millions of Polish people, especially the systematic extermination of History of the Jews in Poland, Jewish Poles. These mass killings were enacted by the Nazis with further plans that were justified by their Racial policy of Nazi Germany, racial theories, which regarded Poles and other Slavs, and especially Jews, as racially inferior ''Untermenschen''. By 1942, the Nazis were implementing their plan to murder every Jew in German-occupied Europe, and had also developed plans to reduce the Polish people through mass murder, ethnic cleansing, enslavement and extermination through labor, and assimilation into German identity of a small minority of Poles deemed "racially valuable". Dur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lebensraum
(, ) is a German concept of expansionism and Völkisch movement, ''Völkisch'' nationalism, the philosophy and policies of which were common to German politics from the 1890s to the 1940s. First popularized around 1901, ''[Also in:]'' became a Geopolitics, geopolitical goal of German Empire, Imperial Germany in World War I (1914–1918), as the core element of the of territorial expansion. The most extreme form of this ideology was supported by the Nazi Party and Nazi Germany, the ultimate goal of which was to establish a Greater Germanic Reich, Greater German Reich. was a leading motivation of Nazi Germany to initiate World War II, and it would continue this policy until End of World War II in Europe, the end of the conflict. Following Adolf Hitler's rise to power, became an ideological principle of Nazism and provided justification for the German territorial expansion into Central and Eastern Europe. The Nazi policy () was based on its tenets. It stipulated that Germa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Germans
Germans (, ) are the natives or inhabitants of Germany, or sometimes more broadly any people who are of German descent or native speakers of the German language. The Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany, constitution of Germany, implemented in 1949 following the end of World War II, defines a German as a German nationality law, German citizen. During the 19th and much of the 20th century, discussions on German identity were dominated by concepts of a common language, culture, descent, and history.. "German identity developed through a long historical process that led, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, to the definition of the German nation as both a community of descent (Volksgemeinschaft) and shared culture and experience. Today, the German language is the primary though not exclusive criterion of German identity." Today, the German language is widely seen as the primary, though not exclusive, criterion of German identity. Estimates on the total number of Germ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Forced Labour Under German Rule During World War II
The use of Slavery, slave and forced labour in Nazi Germany () and throughout German-occupied Europe during World War II took place on an unprecedented scale. It was a vital part of the Economics of fascism#Political economy of Nazi Germany, German economic exploitation of conquered territories. It also contributed to the mass extermination of populations in occupied Europe. The Germans abducted approximately 12million people from almost twenty European countries; about two thirds came from Central Europe and Eastern Europe.Part1 an Part 2 . Many workers died as a result ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
General Government
The General Government (, ; ; ), formally the General Governorate for the Occupied Polish Region (), was a German zone of occupation established after the invasion of Poland by Nazi Germany, Slovak Republic (1939–1945), Slovakia and the Soviet Union in 1939 at the onset of World War II. The newly occupied Second Polish Republic was split into three zones: the General Government in its centre, Polish areas annexed by Nazi Germany in the west, and territories of Poland annexed by the Soviet Union, Polish areas annexed by the Soviet Union in the east. The territory was expanded substantially in 1941, after the German Operation Barbarossa, Invasion of the Soviet Union, to include the new District of Galicia. The area of the ''Generalgouvernement'' roughly corresponded with the Austrian part of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth after the Third Partition of Poland in 1795. The basis for the formation of the General Government was the "Annexation Decree on the Administration o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Expulsion Of Poles By Nazi Germany
The Expulsion of Poles by Nazi Germany during World War II was a massive operation consisting of the forced resettlement of over 1.7 million Polish people, Poles from the territories of Occupation of Poland (1939–1945), German-occupied Poland, with the aim of their Germanisation in Poland (1939–1945), Germanization (see ''Lebensraum'') between 1939 and 1944. The German Government had plans for the extensive Settler colonialism, colonisation of territories of occupied Poland, which were annexed directly into Nazi Germany in 1939. Eventually these plans grew bigger to include parts of the General Government. The region was to become a "purely German area" within 15–20 years, as explained by Adolf Hitler in March 1941. By that time the General Government was to be cleared of 15 million Polish nationals, and resettled by 4–5 million ethnic Germans. The operation was the culmination of the expulsion of Poles by Germany carried out since the 19th century, when Poland was Parti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
