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Weissert Event
The Weissert Event, also referred to as the Weissert Thermal Excursion (WTX), was a hyperthermal event that occurred in the Valanginian stage of the Early Cretaceous epoch. This thermal excursion occurred amidst the relatively cool Tithonian-early Barremian Cool Interval (TEBCI). Its termination marked an intense cooling event, potentially even an ice age. Duration The start of the WTX has been astrochronologically dated by one study to 134.50 ± 0.19 million years ago (Ma), with its positive δ13C excursion being found to last until 133.96 ± 0.19 Ma and the plateau phase of elevated δ13C values until 132.44 ± 0.19 Ma. However, astrochronological studies of sediments in the Vocontian Basin have yielded a duration of 2.08 Myr, with the positive δ13C excursion being 0.94 Myr in duration and the δ13C plateau being 1.14 Myr. A different study concludes the WTX lasted for about 1.4 million years (Myr) based on the chronological length of the high δ13C plateau observed over its ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Earth-Science Reviews
''Earth-Science Reviews'' is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Elsevier. It covers all aspects of Earth sciences. The editors-in-chief for this journal are A. Chin, C. Doglioni, J.L. Florsheim, M.F.J. Flower, G.R. Foulger, A. Gómez-Tuena, S. Khan, S. Marriott, A.D. Miall, G.F. Panza, J.A. Sanchez-Cabeza, M. Strecker, E.S. Takle, M. Widdowson, and P.B. Wignall. Abstracting and indexing This journal is abstracted and indexed by: According to the ''Journal Citation Reports'', the journal has a 2012 impact factor The impact factor (IF) or journal impact factor (JIF) of an academic journal is a type of journal ranking. Journals with higher impact factor values are considered more prestigious or important within their field. The Impact Factor of a journa ... of 7.339. References External links {{Authority control Earth and atmospheric sciences journals Elsevier academic journals English-language journals Monthly journals Academic journals esta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geology (journal)
''Geology'' is a peer-reviewed publication of the Geological Society of America (GSA). GSA stated (in 2006) (ISSN 0091-7613) that it is the most widely read scientific journal in the field of earth science. It is published monthly, with each issue containing 20 or more articles. One of the goals of the journal is to provide a forum for shorter articles (four pages each) and less focus on purely academic research–type articles. According to the ''Journal Citation Reports'', the journal had a 2020 impact factor of 5.399. The journal is indexed in Scopus and SCImago The SCImago Journal Rank (SJR) indicator is a measure of the prestige of scholarly journals that accounts for both the number of citations received by a journal and the prestige of the journals where the citations come from. Etymology SCImag .... See also * List of scientific journals ** List of earth and atmospheric sciences journals References External links *Geology — Browse Issues [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Δ18O
In geochemistry, paleoclimatology and paleoceanography ''δ''18O or delta-O-18 is a measure of the deviation in ratio of stable isotopes oxygen-18 (18O) and oxygen-16 (16O). It is commonly used as a measure of the temperature of precipitation, as a measure of groundwater/mineral interactions, and as an indicator of processes that show isotopic fractionation, like methanogenesis. In paleosciences, 18O:16O data from corals, foraminifera and ice cores are used as a proxy for temperature. It is defined as the deviation in "per mil" (‰, parts per thousand) between a sample and a standard: :\delta \ce = \left( \frac - 1 \right) \times 1000 ‰ where the standard has a known isotopic composition, such as Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water (VSMOW). The fractionation can arise from kinetic, equilibrium, or mass-independent fractionation. Mechanism Foraminifera shells are composed of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and are found in many common geological environments. The rat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Earth And Planetary Science Letters
''Earth and Planetary Science Letters'' (EPSL) is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research on physical, chemical and mechanical processes of the Earth and other planets, including extrasolar ones. Topics covered range from deep planetary interiors to atmospheres. The journal was established in 1966 and is published by Elsevier. The co-editors-in-chief are Tristan Horner, Yemane Asmerom, Jean-Philippe Avouac, James Badro, Huiming Bao, Rosemary Hickey-Vargas, Andrew Jacobson, Carolina Lithgow-Bertelloni, Olivier Mousis, Chiara Maria Petrone, Fang-Zhen Teng, Hans Thybo, Alexander Webb. Abstracting and indexing The journal is abstracted and indexed in: According to the ''Journal Citation Reports'', the journal has a 2023 impact factor The impact factor (IF) or journal impact factor (JIF) of an academic journal is a type of journal ranking. Journals with higher impact factor values are considered more prestigious or important within their field. The Impac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polar Ice Cap
A polar ice cap or polar cap is a high-latitude region of a planet, dwarf planet, or natural satellite that is covered in ice. There are no requirements with respect to size or composition for a body of ice to be termed a polar ice cap, nor any geological requirement for it to be over land, but only that it must be a body of solid phase matter in the polar region. This causes the term "polar ice cap" to be something of a misnomer, as the term ice cap itself is applied more narrowly to bodies that are over land, and cover less than 50,000 km2: larger bodies are referred to as ice sheets. The composition of the ice will vary. For example, Earth's polar caps are mainly water ice, whereas Mars's polar ice caps are a mixture of Dry ice, solid carbon dioxide and water ice. Polar ice caps form because high-latitude regions receive less energy in the form of solar radiation from the Sun than equatorial regions, resulting in lower surface temperatures. Earth's polar caps have ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carbonate–silicate Cycle
The carbonate–silicate geochemical cycle, also known as the inorganic carbon cycle, describes the long-term transformation of silicate rocks to carbonate rocks by weathering and sedimentation, and the transformation of carbonate rocks back into silicate rocks by metamorphism and volcanism. Urey, H. C. (1952). The planets: their origin and development. Mrs. Hepsa Ely Silliman Memorial Lectures. Carbon dioxide is removed from the atmosphere during burial of weathered minerals and returned to the atmosphere through volcanism. On million-year time scales, the carbonate-silicate cycle is a key factor in controlling Earth's climate because it regulates carbon dioxide levels and therefore global temperature. The rate of weathering is sensitive to factors that change how much land is exposed. These factors include sea level, topography, lithology, and vegetation changes. Furthermore, these geomorphic and chemical changes have worked in tandem with solar forcing, whether due to orbital ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nature Communications
''Nature Communications'' is a peer-reviewed, open access, scientific journal published by Nature Portfolio since 2010. It is a multidisciplinary journal that covers the natural sciences, including physics, chemistry, earth sciences, medicine, and biology. The journal has editorial offices in London, Berlin, New York City, and Shanghai. The founding editor-in-chief was Lesley Anson, followed by Joerg Heber, Magdalena Skipper, and Elisa De Ranieri. the editors are Nathalie Le Bot for health and clinical sciences, Stephane Larochelle for biological sciences, Enda Bergin for chemistry and biotechnology, and Prabhjot Saini for physics and earth sciences. Starting October 2014, the journal only accepted submissions from authors willing to pay an article processing charge. Until the end of 2015, part of the published submissions were only available to subscribers. In January 2016, all content became freely accessible. Starting from 2017, the journal offers a deposition ser ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paleothermometer
A paleothermometer is a methodology that provides an estimate of the ambient temperature at the time of formation of a natural material. Most paleothermometers are based on empirically-calibrated proxy relationships, such trace element ratios in biominerals and proxies from organic molecules. Common paleothermometers Scientists use the isotopic ratio of 18O to 16O in ice, tree tissue, coral skeletons, speleothems, and sediments to calculate past temperature and/or estimate ice sheet volumes. Ocean water is mostly H216O, with small amounts of HD16O and H218O. Fractionation occurs during changes between condensed and vapor phases. The vapor pressure of heavier isotopes is lower, so vapor will have a lower ratio of heavy isotopes (it is more isotopically negative) than the pool from which it evaporated. Conversely, when the vapor condenses, the precipitation will have a higher ratio of heavy isotopes than the vapor from which it precipitated. As an air mass moves inland or from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paleoceanography And Paleoclimatology
''Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology'' is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the American Geophysical Union. It publishes original research articles dealing with all aspects of understanding and reconstructing Earth's past climate and environments from the Precambrian to modern analogs. Until the first of January 2018 the name of the journal was ''Paleoceanography''. The founding editor-in-chief was James P. Kennett and the journal is currently edited by Matthew Huber (Purdue University) . Abstracting and indexing The journal is abstracted and indexed by GEOBASE, GeoRef, Scopus, and several CSA indexes. According to the ''Journal Citation Reports'', the journal has a 2021 impact factor The impact factor (IF) or journal impact factor (JIF) of an academic journal is a type of journal ranking. Journals with higher impact factor values are considered more prestigious or important within their field. The Impact Factor of a journa ... of 3.990. Notable article ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marl
Marl is an earthy material rich in carbonate minerals, Clay minerals, clays, and silt. When Lithification, hardened into rock, this becomes marlstone. It is formed in marine or freshwater environments, often through the activities of algae. Marl makes up the lower part of the White cliffs of Dover, cliffs of Dover, and the Channel Tunnel follows these marl layers between France and the United Kingdom. Marl is also a common sediment in post-glacial lakes, such as the marl ponds of the northeastern United States. Marl has been used as a soil conditioner and neutralizing agent for acid soil and in the manufacture of cement. Description Marl or marlstone is a carbonate mineral, carbonate-rich mud or mudstone which contains variable amounts of Clay minerals, clays and silt. The term was originally loosely applied to a variety of materials, most of which occur as loose, earthy deposits consisting chiefly of an intimate mixture of clay and calcium carbonate, formed under freshwa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marine Regression
A marine regression is a geological process occurring when areas of submerged seafloor are exposed during a drop in sea level. The opposite event, marine transgression, occurs when flooding from the sea covers previously-exposed land. Description According to one hypothesis, regressions may be linked to a "slowdown in sea-floor spreading, leading to a generalized drop in sea level (as the mid-ocean ridges would take up less space)...." That view considers major marine regressions to be one aspect of a normal variation in rates of plate tectonic activity, which leads to major episodes of global volcanism like the Siberian Traps and the Deccan Traps, which in turn cause large extinction events. Evidence of marine regressions and transgressions occurs throughout the fossil record, and the fluctuations are thought to have caused or contributed to several mass extinctions, such as the Permian–Triassic extinction event (250 million years ago, Ma) and Cretaceous–Paleogene ex ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frontiers In Earth Science
Frontiers Media SA is a publisher of peer-reviewed, open access, scientific journals currently active in science, technology, and medicine. It was founded in 2007 by Kamila and Henry Markram. Frontiers is based in Lausanne, Switzerland, with offices in the United Kingdom, Spain, and China. In 2022, Frontiers employed more than 1,400 people, across 14 countries. All Frontiers journals are published under a Creative Commons Attribution License. In 2015, Frontiers Media was classified as a possible predatory publisher by Jeffrey Beall, though Beall's list was taken offline two years later in a decision that remains controversial. History The first journal published was ''Frontiers in Neuroscience'', which opened for submission as a beta version in 2007. In 2010, Frontiers launched a series of another 11 journals in medicine and science. In February 2012, the Frontiers Research Network was launched, a social networking platform for researchers, intended to disseminate the open ac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
