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War Of The Quadruple Alliance
The War of the Quadruple Alliance, 1718 to 1720, was a conflict between Spain and a coalition of Austria, Great Britain, France, and Savoy, joined in 1719 by the Dutch Republic. Most of the fighting took place in Sicily and Spain, with minor engagements in North America. The Spanish-backed Jacobite rising of 1719 in Scotland is considered a related conflict. Seeking to recover territories ceded under the 1713 Peace of Utrecht, Spanish troops landed on Sicily in July 1718. On 2 August, Austria, France, Britain and Savoy formed the Quadruple Alliance, and on 11 August the Royal Navy defeated a Spanish fleet at the Battle of Cape Passaro. Austrian land forces retook Sicily in October 1719, while the British sacked Vigo, forcing its leaders to seek peace terms. The Treaty of The Hague (1720) restored the position prior to 1717, Savoy and Austria exchanging Sardinia and Sicily. Background Under the 1713 Peace of Utrecht that ended the War of the Spanish Succession, Spain ceded Sardin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Anglo-Spanish War (other)
Anglo-Spanish War may refer to: * Hundred Years' War, Hundred Years' War (1337–1453), includes the War of the Breton Succession, the Castilian Civil War, the War of the Two Peters, and the 1383–1385 Portuguese interregnum * Third Fernandine War (1381–1382) * War of the League of Cognac (1526–1530), part of the Italian Wars * Second Desmond Rebellion (1579-1583), part of the Desmond rebellions * Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604), including the Spanish Armada, the English Armada and the Nine Years' War (Ireland), part of the Eighty Years' War * Dutch–Portuguese War (1601–1661), part of the Eighty Years' War * Palatinate campaign (1620–1623), part of the Thirty Years' War * Anglo-Spanish War (1625–1630), part of the Thirty Years' War (Eighty Years' War, 1621–1648) * Anglo-Spanish War (1654–1660), part of the Franco-Spanish War (1635–1659), Franco-Spanish War * Anglo-Spanish War (1654–1660)#Caribbean war, Caribbean War (1660–71), follow on from previous war, based ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
George Byng, 1st Viscount Torrington
Admiral of the Fleet George Byng, 1st Viscount Torrington, (27 January 1663 – 17 January 1733) was a Royal Navy officer and politician who represented Plymouth in the English and British House of Commons from 1705 to 1721. While still a lieutenant, he delivered a letter from various captains to William of Orange, who had just landed at Torbay, assuring the Prince of the captains' support; the Prince gave Byng a response which ultimately led to the Royal Navy switching allegiance to the Prince and the Glorious Revolution of November 1688. As a captain, Byng saw action at the Battle of Vigo Bay, when the French fleet was defeated, during the War of the Spanish Succession. As a flag officer, he led the bombardment squadron while serving under Admiral Sir George Rooke at the Capture of Gibraltar and then took part in the Battle of Málaga at a later stage in the same war. Byng was sent to the Mediterranean to thwart any attempt by the Spanish to take Sicily. He encountered t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Kingdom Of Great Britain
Great Britain, also known as the Kingdom of Great Britain, was a sovereign state in Western Europe from 1707 to the end of 1800. The state was created by the 1706 Treaty of Union and ratified by the Acts of Union 1707, which united the Kingdom of England (including Wales) and the Kingdom of Scotland to form a single kingdom encompassing the whole island of Great Britain and its outlying islands, with the exception of the Isle of Man and the Channel Islands. The unitary state was governed by a single Parliament of Great Britain, parliament at the Palace of Westminster, but distinct legal systems—English law and Scots law—remained in use, as did distinct educational systems and religious institutions, namely the Church of England and the Church of Scotland remaining as the national churches of England and Scotland respectively. The formerly separate kingdoms had been in personal union since the Union of the Crowns in 1603 when James VI of Scotland became King of England an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Habsburg Monarchy
The Habsburg monarchy, also known as Habsburg Empire, or Habsburg Realm (), was the collection of empires, kingdoms, duchies, counties and other polities (composite monarchy) that were ruled by the House of Habsburg. From the 18th century it is also referred to as the Austrian monarchy, the Austrian Empire () or the Danubian monarchy. The history of the Habsburg monarchy can be traced back to the election of Rudolf I of Germany, Rudolf I as King of the Romans, King of Germany in 1273 and his acquisition of the Duchy of Austria for the Habsburgs in 1282. In 1482, Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor, Maximilian I acquired the Habsburg Netherlands, Netherlands through marriage. Both realms passed to his grandson and successor, Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V, who also inherited the Monarchy of Spain, Spanish throne and Spanish Empire, its colonial possessions, and thus came to rule the Habsburg empire at its greatest territorial extent. The abdication of Charles V in 1556 led ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Enlightenment In Spain
The ideas of the Age of Enlightenment () came to History of Spain, Spain in the 18th century with the Spanish royal family, new Bourbon dynasty, following the death of the last House of Habsburg#Spanish Habsburgs: Kings of Spain, Kings of Portugal (1581–1640), Habsburg monarch, Charles II of Spain, Charles II, in 1700. The period of reform and 'enlightened despotism' under the eighteenth-century Bourbons focused on Unitary state, centralizing the power of the Spanish government, and improvement of infrastructure, beginning with the rule of Charles III of Spain, King Charles III and the work of his minister, José Moñino, 1st Count of Floridablanca, José Moñino, count of Floridablanca. In the political and economic sphere, the crown implemented a series of changes, collectively known as the Bourbon reforms, which were aimed at making the overseas Spanish Empire more prosperous to the benefit of Spain. The Enlightenment in Spain sought the expansion of scientific knowledge, whi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Francisco Javier Cornejo
Don Francisco Javier Cornejo López-Cotilla (March 4, 1669 in Ruesga, Cantabria – March 27, 1750 in Madrid), also known as Don Francisco Javier Cornejo Vallejo, was a Spanish military commander of the Spanish navy The Spanish Navy, officially the Armada, is the Navy, maritime branch of the Spanish Armed Forces and one of the oldest active naval forces in the world. The Spanish Navy was responsible for a number of major historic achievements in navigation .... He participated in the successful Spanish expedition to Oran (1732). References * Sánchez Doncel, Gregorio. ''Presencia de España en Orán 1509-1792''. T. San Ildefonso (1991) 1669 births 1750 deaths {{Spain-mil-bio-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
George Camocke
Rear-Admiral George Camocke () was an Anglo-Irish naval officer. Camocke was a Jacobite renegade who became an admiral for Spain. He served in the Royal Navy during the reigns of William III, Queen Anne and George I. Camocke was dismissed from the Royal Navy for disciplinary breaches. Camocke then joined the Spanish Navy. He died in exile after his favour had run out with the Spanish navy. Early life and rise George Camocke was born in Ireland around 1666 to a family from Essex. He entered the navy in 1682. After serving eight years, Camocke safely brought a French privateer with twelve guns back to England and was promoted to lieutenant. Service to England Camocke was made a commander of the ''Lion'', a 60-gun ship, and fought with her at the Battle of Beachy Head (1690) and at the Battle of Barfleur (1692). He was later wounded while setting fire to a three-deck French ship at La Hogue and was promoted to first lieutenant of the ''Loyal Merchant'' soon after (1692–93 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
José Antonio De Gaztañeta
Vice-Admiral José Antonio de Gaztañeta e Iturribalzaga ( – ) was a Spanish Navy officer. He was an innovator who applied a scientific approach to ship design, and was at the origin of the revival of the Spanish Navy in the eighteenth century. During the War of the Quadruple Alliance, he was the Vice-Admiral who commanded the Spanish Mediterranean fleet at the Battle of Cape Passaro against the British Royal Navy on 11 August 1718 off the coast of Sicily, where Gaztañeta's fleet was decisively defeated. This led to his most important contribution in the field of ship building, the renovation and re-organisation of the Spanish Navy following its poor performance in the war. Gaztañeta also participated in the Anglo-Spanish War (1727–1729), Anglo-Spanish War of 1727 to 1729, where he successfully guided a Spanish fleet through the British blockade of Porto Bello in Panama. Life De Gaztañeta was born in Mutriku, Gipuzkoa. Son of Francisco de Gaztañeta, a Basque peop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
José Carrillo De Albornoz, 1st Duke Of Montemar
José Carrillo de Albornoz y Montiel, 1st Duke of Montemar (8 October 1671 – 26 June 1747) was a Spanish Army officer and nobleman who served as the viceroy of Sicily from 1734 to 1737. He was considered by contemporary Spaniards to be one of the best cavalry officers from Spain.Escribano Bernal, Francisco (2018). "El duque de Montemar, un Gran Capitán del siglo XVIII". ''Armas y cuerpos'', Nº. 139, 89-94 Biography Carrillo was born in Seville. He was a member of the House of Carrillo, Carrillo family, one of the oldest Spanish noble houses. He married Isabel Francisca de Antich y Antich in 1700 with whom he had three children (Francisco, Leonor & María Magdalena). During the War of the Spanish Succession he aligned with the side of Philip V of Spain, Philip of Anjou and fought as ''mariscal de campo'' in the Battle of Villaviciosa (1710) in the cavalry under the Count of Aguilar. He also participated in the Spanish campaign in Spanish expedition to Sardinia, Sardinia and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Jean François De Bette, 3rd Marquess Of Lede
Juan Francisco de Bette y Croy-Solre, 3rd Marquis of Lede (c. 1660 – 11 January 1725) was a military commander in Spanish service and viceroy of Sicily. He was also lord of the Fiefdom of Lede in Flanders. Biography Born in Lede, Flanders, son of Ambroise de Bette, 2nd Marquis of Lede and Dorotea, lady of Croÿ. His grandfather was Guillaume de Bette, 1st Marquis of Lede.. Ribot García, Luis"Juan Francisco de Bette y Croy-Solre". ''Historia Hispánica''. Real Academia de la Historia. Retrieved 22 March 2025. He served the Spanish Crown for most of his life, including as Commander-General of Aragon and Majorca. He became a Knight of the Golden Fleece in 1720. He is best known for his part in the War of the Quadruple Alliance, when he commanded the Spanish troops who tried to conquer Sardinia and Sicily back from the Austrians in 1718–1719. He was victorious in the Battle of Milazzo (1718) and Battle of Francavilla (1719). The Quadruple Alliance was constituted o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Giulio Alberoni
Giulio Alberoni (21 May 1664 OS – 26 June NS 1752) was an Italian Cardinal (Catholicism), cardinal and statesman in the service of Philip V of Spain. Early years He was born near Piacenza on May 21, 1664, probably at the village of Fiorenzuola d'Arda in the Duchy of Parma. His father, who was a gardener, died when Alberoni was only ten years old."Alberoni, Giulio''Chambers's Encyclopædia''. London: George Newnes Ltd, George Newnes, 1961, Vol. 1, p. 223. He himself became first connected with the church in the humble position of a Bell-ringer, bellringer and verger in the Duomo di Piacenza, Duomo of Piacenza; he was twenty-one when the judge Ignazio Gardini, of Ravenna, was banished, and he followed Gardini to Ravenna, where he met the vice-legate Giorgio Barni, who was made bishop of Piacenza in 1688 and appointed Alberoni chamberlain of his household. Alberoni took priest's orders, having been ordained in the Cathedral of Parma, and afterwards accompanied the nephew of the Bi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne De Bienville
Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne de Bienville (; ; February 23, 1680 – March 7, 1767), also known as Sieur de Bienville, was a French-Canadian colonial administrator in New France. Born in Montreal, he was an early governor of French Louisiana, appointed four separate times during 1701–1743. He was the younger brother of explorer Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville. Early life Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne was the son of Charles le Moyne, born in Longueil, near Dieppe, and Catherine Primot (also known as Catherine Thierry), born in Rouen, both cities in the Province of Normandy. Charles le Moyne established his family in the settlement of Ville-Marie (present day Montreal) at an early age and had fourteen children. Exploration in the New World At the age of seventeen, Bienville joined his brother Iberville on an expedition to establish the colony of Louisiana. In 1699, the group explored the Gulf of Mexico coastline as far as Mobile Bay, which was too shallow to go further. At the site of Bel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
