|
Voting Matters
''Voting matters'' was a peer-reviewed academic journal whose purpose is "To advance the understanding of preferential voting systems". Originally published by the Electoral Reform Society (1994–2003), ''Voting matters'' then became a publication of the McDougall Trust until April, 2013. The journal's founding editor-in-chief (1994–2010) was British mathematician and computer scientist Brian Wichmann, followed by Nicolaus Tideman. ''Voting matters'' papers dealt with the study of various electoral systems An electoral or voting system is a set of rules used to determine the results of an election. Electoral systems are used in politics to elect governments, while non-political elections may take place in business, nonprofit organizations and inf .... The journal has also republished several seminal papers on STV by Thomas Hare, Henry Richmond Droop, and Brian Meek. External links * McDougall Trust Single transferable vote Open access journals English-language jo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Political Science
Political science is the scientific study of politics. It is a social science dealing with systems of governance and Power (social and political), power, and the analysis of political activities, political philosophy, political thought, political behavior, and associated constitutions and laws. Specialists in the field are political scientists. History Origin Political science is a social science dealing with systems of governance and power, and the analysis of political activities, political institutions, political thought and behavior, and associated constitutions and laws. As a social science, contemporary political science started to take shape in the latter half of the 19th century and began to separate itself from political philosophy and history. Into the late 19th century, it was still uncommon for political science to be considered a distinct field from history. The term "political science" was not always distinguished from political philosophy, and the modern dis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brian Wichmann
Brian (sometimes spelled Bryan in English) is a male given name of Irish and Breton origin, as well as a surname of Occitan origin. It is common in the English-speaking world. It is possible that the name is derived from an Old Celtic word meaning "high" or "noble". For example, the element ''bre'' means "hill"; which could be transferred to mean "eminence" or "exalted one". The name is quite popular in Ireland, on account of Brian Boru, a 10th-century High King of Ireland. The name was also quite popular in East Anglia during the Middle Ages. This is because the name was introduced to England by Bretons following the Norman Conquest. Bretons also settled in Ireland along with the Normans in the 12th century, and 'their' name was mingled with the 'Irish' version. Also, in the north-west of England, the 'Irish' name was introduced by Scandinavian settlers from Ireland. Within the Gaelic-speaking areas of Scotland, the name was at first only used by professional families of Iri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nicolaus Tideman
Thorwald Nicolaus Tideman (, not ; born August 11, 1943, in Chicago, Illinois) is a Georgist economist and professor at Virginia Tech. He received his Bachelor of Arts in economics and mathematics from Reed College in 1965 and his PhD in economics from the University of Chicago in 1969. Tideman was an assistant professor of economics at Harvard University from 1969 to 1973, during which time from 1970 to 1971 he was a Senior Staff Economist for the President's Council of Economic Advisors. Since 1973, he has been at Virginia Tech, with various visiting positions at Harvard Kennedy School (1979–1980), University of Buckingham (1985–1986), and the American Institute for Economic Research (1999–2000). Research Tideman's academic interests include taxation of land, voting theory, and political philosophy. Ranked Pairs In 1987, he devised the voting system called " ranked pairs" (or the "Tideman method" or simply "RP"), which is a type of Condorcet method. It selects a sin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
McDougall Trust
McDougall or McDougal (see also MacDougall) is a Scottish surname that can refer to several people, places and things. It is derived from the Gaelic ''Mac Dubhghaill'', meaning "son of Dubhghall." It shares the same origin as McDowell. People named McDougall *Alexander McDougall, American privateer, merchant, and revolutionary leader *Barbara McDougall, former Canadian Secretary of State for External Affairs * Charles McDougall, British television director * Christopher McDougall, American author * Colin McDougall, Canadian author * Dan McDougall, award-winning Scottish human-rights journalist * David McDougall (footballer) (1894–1918), Scottish footballer * Donnie McDougall, Canadian musician *Frances Harriet Whipple Green McDougall, nineteenth-century American author, abolitionist, and feminist * Francine McDougall, Australian director and photographer. *Frank Lidgett McDougall, British-born Australian farmer and economic adviser * Gay McDougall, American lawyer * Gordon McDou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peer Review
Peer review is the evaluation of work by one or more people with similar competencies as the producers of the work (:wiktionary:peer#Etymology 2, peers). It functions as a form of self-regulation by qualified members of a profession within the relevant Field of study, field. Peer review methods are used to maintain quality standards, improve performance, and provide credibility. In academia, scholarly peer review is often used to determine an academic paper's suitability for publication. Peer review can be categorized by the type and by the field or profession in which the activity occurs, e.g., #Medical, medical peer review. It can also be used as a teaching tool to help students improve writing assignments. Henry Oldenburg (1619–1677) was a German-born British philosopher who is seen as the 'father' of modern scientific peer review. It developed over the following centuries with, for example, the journal ''Nature (journal), Nature'' making it standard practice in 1973. The t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Academic Journal
An academic journal (or scholarly journal or scientific journal) is a periodical publication in which Scholarly method, scholarship relating to a particular academic discipline is published. They serve as permanent and transparent forums for the dissemination, scrutiny, and discussion of research. Unlike professional magazines or Trade magazine, trade magazines, the articles are mostly written by researchers rather than staff writers employed by the journal. They nearly universally require peer review for Research Article, research articles or other scrutiny from contemporaries competent and established in their respective fields. Academic journals trace their origins back to the 17th century. , it is estimated that over 28,100 active academic journals are in publication, with scopes ranging from the general sciences, as seen in journals like ''Science (journal), Science'' and ''Nature (journal), Nature'', to highly specialized fields. These journals publish a variety of articles ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Electoral Reform Society
The Electoral Reform Society (ERS) is an Advocacy group, independent advocacy organisation in the United Kingdom which promotes electoral reform. It seeks to replace first-past-the-post voting with proportional representation, advocating the single transferable vote, and Reform of the House of Lords, an elected upper house of Parliament. It is the world's oldest still-extant electoral reform campaign. Overview The Electoral Reform Society seeks a "representative democracy fit for the 21st century." The society advocates the replacement of the first-past-the-post voting, first-past-the-post and Plurality block voting, plurality-at-large voting systems with a proportional voting system, the single transferable vote. First-past-the-post is currently used for Elections in the United Kingdom#General elections, elections to the House of Commons and for most local elections in England and Wales, while plurality-at-large is used in multi-member council wards in England and Wales, and w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Editor-in-chief
An editor-in-chief (EIC), also known as lead editor or chief editor, is a publication's editorial leader who has final responsibility for its operations and policies. The editor-in-chief heads all departments of the organization and is held accountable for delegating tasks to staff members and managing them. The term is often used at newspapers, magazines, yearbooks, and television news programs. The editor-in-chief is commonly the link between the publisher or proprietor and the editorial staff. Responsibilities Typical responsibilities of editors-in-chief include: * Ensuring that content is journalistically objective * Fact-checking, spelling, grammar, writing style, page design and photos * Rejecting writing that appears to be plagiarized, ghostwritten, published elsewhere, or of little interest to readers * Evaluating and editing content * Contributing editorial pieces * Motivating and developing editorial staff * Ensuring the final draft is complete * Handling reader compl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Electoral System
An electoral or voting system is a set of rules used to determine the results of an election. Electoral systems are used in politics to elect governments, while non-political elections may take place in business, nonprofit organizations and informal organisations. These rules govern all aspects of the voting process: when elections occur, Suffrage, who is allowed to vote, Nomination rules, who can stand as a candidate, Voting method, how ballots are marked and cast, how the ballots are counted, how votes translate into the election outcome, limits on Campaign finance, campaign spending, and other factors that can affect the result. Political electoral systems are defined by constitutions and electoral laws, are typically conducted by election commissions, and can use multiple types of elections for different offices. Some electoral systems elect a single winner to a unique position, such as prime minister, president or governor, while others elect multiple winners, such as membe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomas Hare (political Scientist)
Thomas Hare (28 March 1806 in England – 6 May 1891) was a British lawyer and supporter of electoral reform. He is credited with inventing the Single Transferable Voting, single transferable vote system of proportional representation which he was a proponent and defender, now used in national elections in Republic of Ireland, Ireland and Malta, in Australian Senate and state elections, in local elections in Northern Ireland, and several cities in the U.S., New Zealand and Scotland. Life He was born on 28 March 1806, the illegitimate son of Anne Hare of Leigh, Dorset. (''Alumni Cantabrigienses'' considers that a 19th-century identification was incorrect. It identified Anne Hare's son with the Thomas Hare who matriculated at Queens' College, Cambridge in 1823, graduating B.A. in 1827, and M.A. in 1846.) Brought up on a Dorset farm, Hare had a scanty education. He went to London and found work as a solicitor's clerk. On 14 November 1828 he was admitted a student of the Inner Templ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry Richmond Droop
Henry Richmond Droop (12 September 1832 – 21 March 1884) was an English barrister after whom the Droop quota is named. He also may have been the first to write down what later became known as Duverger's Law, in 1869. He authored the book "On Methods of Electing Representatives" in 1881. He married Clara Baily (ca. 1841 – 7 September 1921) on 17 August 1872 and was the father of archaeologist John Percival Droop (1882–1963). References * William H. Riker William Harrison Riker (September 22, 1920 – June 26, 1993) was an American political scientist known for applying game theory and mathematics to political science. He helped establish University of Rochester as a center of the behavioral revo ... ''Duverger's Law: Forty Years Later''. From Grofman and Lijphart ''Electoral Laws and their political consequences'' 1986. 1832 births 1884 deaths 19th-century English mathematicians {{UK-mathematician-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brian Meek
Brian (sometimes spelled Bryan in English) is a male given name of Irish and Breton origin, as well as a surname of Occitan origin. It is common in the English-speaking world. It is possible that the name is derived from an Old Celtic word meaning "high" or "noble". For example, the element ''bre'' means "hill"; which could be transferred to mean "eminence" or "exalted one". The name is quite popular in Ireland, on account of Brian Boru, a 10th-century High King of Ireland. The name was also quite popular in East Anglia during the Middle Ages. This is because the name was introduced to England by Bretons following the Norman Conquest. Bretons also settled in Ireland along with the Normans in the 12th century, and 'their' name was mingled with the 'Irish' version. Also, in the north-west of England, the 'Irish' name was introduced by Scandinavian settlers from Ireland. Within the Gaelic-speaking areas of Scotland, the name was at first only used by professional families of Irish ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
