|
Volunteer Combatant's Cross
The Volunteer combatant's cross () was a French decoration that originally recognized those who volunteered to serve in a combat unit during World War II. It is the equivalent of the " 1914–1918 Volunteer combatant's cross" (). History This decoration is equivalent to that awarded to the soldiers of the First World War. At the request of the associations of veterans the state fixed by Act of 4 February 1953, accompanied by a decree of 19 November 1955, the award Croix du Combattant Volontaire 1939–1945, designated for those who volunteered to serve. In 1983 the original act establishing this award as the "1939-1945 Volunteer combatant's cross" () was abolished and replaced by an act that added clasps to the medal, specifying the specific areas of combat, and renaming it more simply to "Volunteer combatant's cross" . Additional revisions of the act establishing this award in 1995 and 2007 have added a total of five clasps: *Guerre 1939–1945 *Indochine *Corée *Afrique du Nor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Volunteer Combatant's Cross 1914–1918
The Volunteer Combatant's Cross 1914–1918 () is a French decoration that recognizes those who volunteered to serve on the front in a combat unit during World War I. When the 1914–1918 Commemorative war medal (France) () was established, it was anticipated that a clasp bearing the words, "ENGAGÉ VOLONTAIRE" (), would be worn on its ribbon for those who had freely and voluntarily enlisted in the French Armed Forces for combat service. While the clasp was produced, it was short-lived due to parliament demanding the establishment of a special insignia to distinguish the special merit of the voluntary combatant. The Act of 4 July 1935 created the Croix du Combattant Volontaire, designated for those who volunteered to serve on the front in a combat unit during the Great War. Award statute The requirements for obtaining the cross were defined by the decree of 28 November 1935. The qualifications of the candidates have been reviewed by a panel from 1951, twelve members as follows ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cross Of The Resistance Volunteer Combatant
The Cross of the Resistance Volunteer Combatant () is a French decoration that recognizes, as its name implies, those who fought in one of the resistance groups, or who were deported or interned for acts of resistance, or who were killed or injured while taking parts in acts of resistance against the German occupation forces during World War II. This award was created by a special law in 1954 and awarded to those who had been designated and issued cards certifying them as voluntary resistance fighters. Award statute The Croix du combattant volontaire de la Résistance was created to honour those who voluntarily participated in acts of resistance, or by participating with a recognized resistance group, during which they put their lives at risk. It was issued to all cardholders of voluntary resistance fighter created in 1949, which itself is obtained using the following criteria: *Holders of the a card Resistant-Deported or Interned-Resistant. *Those executed, killed or injured ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Croix Du Combattant Volontaire 1939-1945 Ribbon
Croix (French for "cross") may refer to: Belgium * Croix-lez-Rouveroy, a village in municipality of Estinnes in the province of Hainaut France * Croix, Nord, in the Nord department * Croix, Territoire de Belfort, in the Territoire de Belfort department * Croix-Caluyau, in the Nord department * Croix-Chapeau, in the Charente-Maritime department * Croix-en-Ternois, in the Pas-de-Calais department * Croix-Fonsomme, in the Aisne department * Croix-Mare, in the Seine-Maritime department * Croix-Moligneaux, in the Somme department * Canton of Croix, administrative division of the Nord department, northern France People * Croix Bethune (born 2001), American soccer player See also * Croix Scaille, a hill plateau in the Ardennes, Belgium * La Croix (other), including places called "La Croix" * St. Croix (other) * Lac à la Croix (other) Lac à la Croix or Lac-à-la-Croix (French for "Lake of the Cross") can refer to the following places in Quebec, Canada: * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War II
World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the world's countries participated, with many nations mobilising all resources in pursuit of total war. Tanks in World War II, Tanks and Air warfare of World War II, aircraft played major roles, enabling the strategic bombing of cities and delivery of the Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, first and only nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II is the List of wars by death toll, deadliest conflict in history, causing World War II casualties, the death of 70 to 85 million people, more than half of whom were civilians. Millions died in genocides, including the Holocaust, and by massacres, starvation, and disease. After the Allied victory, Allied-occupied Germany, Germany, Allied-occupied Austria, Austria, Occupation of Japan, Japan, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Volunteer Combatant's Cross 1914–1918
The Volunteer Combatant's Cross 1914–1918 () is a French decoration that recognizes those who volunteered to serve on the front in a combat unit during World War I. When the 1914–1918 Commemorative war medal (France) () was established, it was anticipated that a clasp bearing the words, "ENGAGÉ VOLONTAIRE" (), would be worn on its ribbon for those who had freely and voluntarily enlisted in the French Armed Forces for combat service. While the clasp was produced, it was short-lived due to parliament demanding the establishment of a special insignia to distinguish the special merit of the voluntary combatant. The Act of 4 July 1935 created the Croix du Combattant Volontaire, designated for those who volunteered to serve on the front in a combat unit during the Great War. Award statute The requirements for obtaining the cross were defined by the decree of 28 November 1935. The qualifications of the candidates have been reviewed by a panel from 1951, twelve members as follows ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frédéric-Charles-Victor De Vernon
Frédéric-Charles Victor de Vernon (17 November 1858, in Paris – 28 October 1912 in Paris), was a sculptor and engraver of French medals. Biography He was educated at the École nationale supérieure des beaux-arts, École des beaux-arts where his teachers were Jules Cavelier, Jules-Clément Chaplain, and Émile Tasset. In 1881, he won second great Prix de Rome and in 1887 the first grand prix of Rome, after which he spent three years at the villa Médicis. In 1900, he designed the official medals for the 1900 Summer Olympics held in Paris. These medals are unique in being the only Olympic medals to be rectangular rather than the traditional circular design. Member of the Société des artistes français since 1896, he was elected member of the Académie des beaux-arts (France), Académie des beaux-arts in 1909.Catalogue général illustré des Éditions de la Monnaie de Paris, sans date (1985) Bibliography * E. Bénézit, ''Dictionnaire des peintres, sculpteurs, dessina ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Légion D'honneur
The National Order of the Legion of Honour ( ), formerly the Imperial Order of the Legion of Honour (), is the highest and most prestigious French national order of merit, both military and Civil society, civil. Currently consisting of five classes, it was originally established in 1802 by Napoleon, Napoleon Bonaparte, and it has been retained (with occasional slight alterations) by all later French governments and regimes. The order's motto is ' ("Honour and Fatherland"); its Seat (legal entity), seat is the Palais de la Légion d'Honneur next to the Musée d'Orsay, on the left bank of the Seine in Paris. Since 1 February 2023, the Order's grand chancellor has been retired General François Lecointre, who succeeded fellow retired General Benoît Puga in office. The order is divided into five degrees of increasing distinction: ' (Knight), ' (Officer), ' (Commander (order), Commander), ' (Grand Officer) and ' (Grand Cross). History Consulate During the French Revolution, all ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Médaille Militaire
The ''Médaille militaire'' (, "Military Medal") is a military decoration of the French Republic for other ranks for meritorious service and acts of bravery in action against an enemy force. It is the third highest award of the French Republic, after the Legion of Honour, a civil and military order, and the Order of Liberation, a Second World War-only order. The ''Médaille militaire'' is therefore the most senior entirely military active French decoration. During World War I, 230,000 ''médailles'' were awarded, when 1,400,000 French Army soldiers were killed and 3,000,000 wounded. For comparison, the UK |
Ordre National Du Mérite
The (; ) is a French order of merit with membership awarded by the President of the French Republic, founded on 3 December 1963 by President Charles de Gaulle. The reason for the order's establishment was twofold: to replace the large number of ministerial orders previously awarded by the ministries; and to create an award that can be awarded at a lower level than the Legion of Honour, which is generally reserved for French citizens. It comprises about 185,000 members; 306,000 members have been admitted or promoted in 50 years. History The comprises about 185,000 members; 306,000 members have been admitted or promoted in 50 years. Half of its recipients are required to be women. Defunct ministerial orders The replaced the following ministerial and colonial orders: Colonial orders * (Order of the Star of Anjouan, 1874) * (Order of Nishan-e-Anuar or Order of Light, 1887) * (Order of the Black Star, 1889) Special ministerial orders of merit * (Order of Societal Me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ribbons Of The French Military And Civil Awards
This is a list of the ribbons of the Military awards and decorations of France, French military and civil awards. French national orders French ministerial orders French military decorations Medals of Honor French commemorative awards Other awards Order of precedence Official list, dated June 19, 2003, signed by General Jean-Philippe Douin, Grand Chancellor of the Legion of Honour: * * * * * * * * * (since décret n° 2004-733 of 26 July 2004) * * * * * * * * * * * * * (former colonial medal) * (since décret n° 2004-624 of 25 June 2004) * * * Honor medals of the different ministerial departments * * Commemorative medals and other equivalent See also * Military awards and decorations of France * Order (decoration) * State decoration Sources * ''Les décorations françaises'' *Site très complet traitant des décorations militaires et civiles françaises {{Decorations by country Civil awards and decorations of France, * Military award ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Awards And Decorations Of France
This is a list of some of the modern orders, decorations and medals of France. Some, like the Legion of Honour, are awarded to both the armed forces and civilians. Others are decorations of a pure civilian or military character. Only four of the 19 Ministerial orders have survived the reform of the French system of decorations in 1963. The others were replaced by the Ordre national du Mérite. The Grand Chancery of the Legion of Honour classifies the national system of honours of France into two categories: those honours awarded on behalf of the President of France, President of the Republic and ministerial honours. The orders and decorations presented on behalf of the president are the Legion of Honour, Order of Liberation, Médaille militaire, Military Medal, National Order of Merit (France), National Order of Merit, and National Medal of Recognition for victims of terrorism. The ministerial honours include French military decorations, the existing ministerial orders, ministerial ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Awards And Decorations Of World War II
A military, also known collectively as armed forces, is a heavily armed, highly organized force primarily intended for warfare. Militaries are typically authorized and maintained by a sovereign state, with their members identifiable by a distinct military uniform. They may consist of one or more military branches such as an army, navy, air force, space force, marines, or coast guard. The main task of a military is usually defined as defence of their state and its interests against external armed threats. In broad usage, the terms "armed forces" and "military" are often synonymous, although in technical usage a distinction is sometimes made in which a country's armed forces may include other paramilitary forces such as armed police. Beyond warfare, the military may be employed in additional sanctioned and non-sanctioned functions within the state, including internal security threats, crowd control, promotion of political agendas, emergency services and reconstruction, pro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
