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Tatas Tes Aules
The ( grc-gre, τατᾶς), more formally the ( grc-gre, τατᾶς τῆς αὐλῆς, , of the court) was a Byzantine court office attested in the 12th–14th centuries, whose exact functions are unclear. The title is first attested in the seal of John Komnenos Vatatzes in the 12th century, and over the next two centuries. Nevertheless, the exact functions it entailed are unclear: according to the 14th-century historian Pachymeres, the was one of the three major court functionaries along with the (imperial cup-bearer) and the (master of the imperial table), but the 15th-century historian Doukas explains the title as "pedagogue". This led Ernst Stein to suggest that he succeeded the as imperial preceptor, a hypothesis rejected later by Vitalien Laurent Vitalien Laurent (born Louis Philippe Olivier Laurent; Séné, 26 May 1896 – Paris, 21 November 1973) was a French priest and Byzantinist. He was editor of the journal '' Échos d'Orient'' (predecessor of the ''Revue de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Byzantine
The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire or Byzantium, was the continuation of the Roman Empire primarily in its eastern provinces during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, when its capital city was Constantinople. It survived the fragmentation and fall of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD and continued to exist for an additional thousand years until the fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Empire in 1453. During most of its existence, the empire remained the most powerful economic, cultural, and military force in Europe. The terms "Byzantine Empire" and "Eastern Roman Empire" were coined after the end of the realm; its citizens continued to refer to their empire as the Roman Empire, and to themselves as Romans—a term which Greeks continued to use for themselves into Ottoman times. Although the Roman state continued and its traditions were maintained, modern historians prefer to differentiate the Byzantine Empire from Ancient Rome a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Komnenos Vatatzes
John Komnenos Vatatzes, ( gr, Ἰωάννης Κομνηνὸς Βατάτζης, ''Iōannēs Komnēnos Vatatzēs''), or simply John Komnenos or John Vatatzes (the transliteration 'Batatzes' is also employed) in the sources, was a major military and political figure in the Byzantine (Eastern Roman) Empire during the reigns of Manuel I Komnenos and Alexios II Komnenos. He was born c. 1132, and died of natural causes during a rebellion he raised against Andronikos I Komnenos in 1182. Background and family John Komnenos Vatatzes was the son of the '' sebastohypertatos'' Theodore Vatatzes, and the ''porphyrogenita'' princess Eudokia Komnene, daughter of the emperor John II Komnenos and his empress Eirene of Hungary.Varzos, p. 382 Theodore Vatatzes was one of the 'new men' raised to prominence by John II; the Vatatzes family were not previously counted amongst the highest levels of the Byzantine aristocracy, though they had long been prominent in the region around the city of Adrian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pachymeres
George Pachymeres ( el, Γεώργιος Παχυμέρης, Geórgios Pachyméris; 1242 – 1310) was a Byzantine Greek historian, philosopher, music theorist and miscellaneous writer. Biography Pachymeres was born at Nicaea, in Bithynia, where his father had taken refuge after the capture of Constantinople by the Latins in 1204. Upon the recovery of Constantinople from the Latin Empire by Michael VIII Palaeologus, Pachymeres settled there, studied law, entered the church, and subsequently became chief advocate of the church and chief justice of the imperial court. His literary activity was considerable, his most important work being a Byzantine history in thirteen books, in continuation of that of George Acropolites from 1261 to 1308, containing the history of the reigns of Michael and Andronicus II Palaeologus. Pachymeres was also the author of rhetorical exercises on philosophical themes; of a ''Quadrivium'' (arithmetic, music, geometry, astronomy), valuable for the history ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pinkernes
''Pinkernes'' ( grc, πιγκέρνης, pinkernēs), sometimes also ''epinkernes'' (, ''epinkernēs''), was a high Byzantine court position. The term derives from the Greek verb (''epikeránnymi'', "to mix ine), and was used to denote the cup-bearer of the Byzantine emperor. In addition, descriptive terms such as (''ho tou basileōs oinochoos'', "the emperor's wine-pourer"), (''archioinochoos'', "chief wine-pourer"), κυλικιφόρος (''kylikiphoros'', "bearer of the '' kylix''"), and, particularly at the court of the Empire of Nicaea, (''ho epi tou kerasmatos'', "the one in charge of the drink") were often used instead. The position is attested already in the ''Klētorologion'' of 899, where a ''pinkernēs'' of the emperor (, ''pinkernēs tou despotou'') and of the '' Augusta'' (, ''pinkernēs tēs Augoustēs'') are listed among the eunuchs of the palace staff. As the name suggests, the principal charge of the ''pinkernēs'' was the pouring of wine for the emperor; he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Epi Tes Trapezes
The ( gr, ὁ ἐπὶ τῆς τραπέζης, , the one in charge of the table) was a Byzantine court post, responsible for the imperial banquets. History The office, more fully known as the (, 'Domestic of the imperial table'), () or (, 'the one in charge of the lord's table'), is first mentioned as extant in the mid-7th century, but the source, a hagiography of Maximus the Confessor, is of much later date. It is, however, amply attested in seals from the 8th century on, often holding the offices of or as well.. The was responsible for introducing guests to the imperial banquets, waiting to the Byzantine emperor along with the , and carrying dishes from the imperial table to the guests. Historical sources, however, show that some holders of the post were entrusted with leading troops or various other special assignments. Like many palace posts involving close access to the Byzantine emperor, it was restricted to eunuchs. There was also the (, 'in charge of the table of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Doukas (historian)
Doukas or Dukas (after 1462) was a Byzantine Greek historian who flourished under Constantine XI Palaiologos, the last Byzantine Emperor. He is one of the most important sources for the last decades and eventual fall of the Byzantine Empire to the Ottomans. Life The date of Doukas's birth is not recorded, nor is his first name or the names of his parents. He was born probably in the 1390s somewhere in western Asia Minor, where his paternal grandfather, Michael Doukas, had fled. Michael Doukas was eulogized by his grandson as a learned man, especially in matters of medicine. He had played a role in the Byzantine civil wars of the mid-14th century as a partisan of John VI Kantakouzenos. Michael Doukas had been arrested by Alexios Apokaukos, and was one of the prisoners at the palace where Apokaukos was murdered by some of the inmates. Michael Doukas narrowly avoided becoming one of the 200 prisoners murdered in retribution by hiding in the underground chamber of the New Church ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ernst Stein
Ernst Edward Aurel Stein (19 September 1891, in Jaworzno – 25 February 1945, in Fribourg) was an Austrian-Jewish Byzantinist and a historian of Late Antiquity. Ernst was the son of Ernst Eduard Stein and Henrietta Rosalie (née Hein) and the nephew of the Hungarian-born British archaeologist Sir Aurel Stein. He married Johanna Brandeis in Vienna on 4 April 1923. He studied classical philology and history at the University of Vienna (doctorate 1914), where his teachers included Ludo Moritz Hartmann, Eugen Bormann and Wilhelm Kubitschek. From 1919 he worked as a lecturer at the university, and in 1927 relocated to Frankfurt am Main as an employee of the Römisch-Germanische Kommission. In 1931 he was named an associate professor of Byzantine and ancient history at the University of Berlin, then afterwards, taught classes as a visiting professor in Brussels and at Catholic University in Washington D.C. In 1937 he was appointed professor of Byzantine history at the University o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baioulos
The term ''baioulos'' ( el, βαΐουλος) was used in the Byzantine Empire to refer to a preceptor or tutor of imperial princes. Only a handful of holders are known, but due to the office's close proximity to the imperial family, and the ties it created with future emperors, a number of ''baiouloi'' were among the most important officials of their time. Origin and history The term derives from the Latin term ''baiulus'' ("bearer"), which by the 4th century came to mean "nurse" or "preceptor". Thus in the 12th century the theologian Theodore Balsamon claimed that it came from ''baïon'' (βαΐον, palm leaf) because the preceptor was charged with supervising the growth of young minds. The term was rarely used, and only in Byzantine times; it is not attested in Modern Greek. The 13th-century scholar Manuel Moschopoulos offers the equivalent, well-established Greek terms παιδαγωγός and παιδοτρίβης. The term was applied to the tutors and preceptors of imperial ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vitalien Laurent
Vitalien Laurent (born Louis Philippe Olivier Laurent; Séné, 26 May 1896 – Paris, 21 November 1973) was a French priest and Byzantinist. He was editor of the journal '' Échos d'Orient'' (predecessor of the ''Revue des études byzantines''). He published nearly 700 works in the fields of Greek hagiography, Byzantine history, Byzantine sigillography and Byzantine ecclesiastical history. Most notably, he edited Sylvester Syropoulos' account of the Council of Florence The Council of Florence is the seventeenth ecumenical council recognized by the Catholic Church, held between 1431 and 1449. It was convoked as the Council of Basel by Pope Martin V shortly before his death in February 1431 and took place in ..., the registers of the acts of Constantinople's Patriarchy (years 1204–1309) and a synodal tome from the age of Patriarch Matthew the 1st. Sources * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Laurent, Vitalien 1896 births 1973 deaths French Byzantinists ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
