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Târgoviște Princely Court
Târgoviște Princely Court () represents a complex of Middle Ages, medieval buildings and fortifications that served as the residence of various rulers of Wallachia and, at the same time, played a relatively important role in the country's defensive system. History Before XVII In 1427, Crusades, crusader Johann Schiltberger mentioned Târgoviște as Wallachia's capital alongside Curtea de Argeș, Argeș. Although his work was edited 31 years later, it suggests the city had fortifications by 1396. Internal records attest to the princely court during Mircea the Elder's reign in 1417-1418. Archaeological findings support this, dating back to his time. Expansion of fortifications occurred half a century later when Târgoviște became the sole Wallachian capital (1431), possibly during Vlad II Dracul, Vlad Dracul or Vlad the Impaler's reigns. It's confirmed that after mid-15th century, these fortifications were the country's largest. Matei Basarab doubled wall thickness, rebu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Târgoviște
Târgoviște (, alternatively spelled ''Tîrgoviște'') is a Municipiu, city and county seat in Dâmbovița County, Romania. It is situated north-west of Bucharest, on the right bank of the Ialomița (river), Ialomița River. Târgoviște was one of the most important cities in the history of Wallachia, as it was its capital from 1418 to 1659. At the 2021 Romanian census, 2021 census, the city had a population of 66,965 people, making it the 27th largest in the country. Etymology The name ''Târgoviște'' is a Slavic name which the city acquired in the Middle Ages. It is derived from the old Slavonic word for "marketplace", referring to the place rather than the market itself. The name is found in placenames not only in South Slavic areas (Bulgarian , Serbian and Croatian '), but also in West Slavic such as Slovak ''Trhovište'', Czech ''Trhoviště'' or Polish ''Targowica, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, Targowica''. Additionally, places with the same name are found in Romania, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Ghica
George Ghica (, ; 3 March 1600 – 2 November 1664) founder of the Ghica family, was the prince of Moldavia from 1658 to 1659 and the prince of Wallachia from 1659 to 1660. George was born in the city of Koprulu, Rumelia Ottoman Empire, in 1600 ( Today part of the Republic of North Macedonia ). While in Istanbul, he became close friends with the Grand Vizier Köprülü Mehmed Pasha and helped him on to high positions. As Prince of Wallachia he moved the capital from Târgoviște to Bucharest Bucharest ( , ; ) is the capital and largest city of Romania. The metropolis stands on the River Dâmbovița (river), Dâmbovița in south-eastern Romania. Its population is officially estimated at 1.76 million residents within a greater Buc .... From him are descended the numerous branches of the family which became notable in the history of Moldavia and Wallachia. His son was Grigore I Ghica. References Bibliography * * * Ghica, Gheorghe I Ghica, Gheorghe I 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cezar Bolliac
Cezar Bolliac or Boliac, Boliak (23 March 1813 – 25 February 1881) was a Wallachian and Romanian radical political figure, amateur archaeologist, journalist and Romantic poet. Life Early life Born in Bucharest as the son of Anton Bogliako (''Bogliacco'' or ''Bolliac''), a Greek-Italian physician, and his wife Zinca Pereț, who remarried the ''stolnic'' Petrache Pereț; his adoptive father took care of Cezar's education. After being taught reading and writing at home, Bolliac studied at the Saint Sava Academy, under Ion Heliade Rădulescu; Rădulescu was to become one of his most important collaborators. In 1830, he joined the newly refounded Wallachian Army as a member of its officer corps. Three years later, Bolliac became a member of the secret ''Philharmonic Society'', created by Ion Câmpineanu, Rădulescu, and Constantin Aristia. In 1835, he published his first lyrical works. A year later, he began editing the review ''Curiosul''. ''Frăția'' and manifestos With ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ditch
A ditch is a small to moderate trench created to channel water. A ditch can be used for drainage, to drain water from low-lying areas, alongside roadways or fields, or to channel water from a more distant source for plant irrigation. Ditches are commonly seen around farmland, especially in areas that have required drainage, such as The Fens in eastern England and much of the Netherlands. Roadside ditches may provide a hazard to motorists and cyclists, whose vehicles may crash into them and get damaged, flipped over, or stuck and cause major injury, especially in poor weather conditions and rural areas. Etymology In Anglo-Saxon, the word ''dïc'' already existed and was pronounced ("deek") in northern England and "deetch" in the south. The origins of the word lie in digging a trench and forming the upcast soil into a bank alongside it. This practice has meant that the name ''dïc'' was given to either the excavation or the bank, and evolved to both the words "dike"/" ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ottoman Army (1861–1922)
The Ottoman Army was the military of the Ottoman Empire after the country was reorganized along modern western European lines during the Tanzimat modernization period. It operated during the decline and Dissolution of the Ottoman Empire, dissolution of the empire, which roughly occurred between 1861 (though some sources date back to 1842) and 1918, the end of Middle Eastern theatre of World War I, World War I for the Ottomans. The Crimean War was the first war effort in which the modern army took part in, proving itself as a decent force. The last reorganization occurred during the Second Constitutional Era. The uniforms of the modern army reflected the military uniforms of the western European countries who were the Ottoman army's principal advisors at the time. The State organisation of the Ottoman Empire, Ottoman government considered adopting a Western-style headdress for all personnel within the army, but the Fez (hat), fez was favoured as it was more suited to the posture ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Ypsilantis (1725–1805)
Alexander Ypsilantis ( ''Alexandros Ypsilantis'', ; 1726 – 13 January 1807) was a Greek Voivode (Prince) of Wallachia from 1774 to 1782, and again from 1796 to 1797, and also Voivode of Moldavia from 1786 to 1788. He bears the same name as, but should not be confused with, his grandson, the Greek War of Independence hero of the early 19th century. The Ypsilantis were a prominent family of Phanariotes. Reign In 1774, as a diplomat in service to the Porte, Ypsilanti took part in the signing of the Treaty of Kuchuk-Kainarji with Russia; a year later, he was rewarded for this and other services by being appointed Dragoman of the Porte. Still in 1775, he was awarded the throne of Wallachia. This could only happen as the Russian troops were ending their occupation of Bucharest, begun in 1771. The throne had been vacant throughout this period, a hiatus provoked by Emanuel Giani Ruset's agreement with Catherine II at the start of the war. As principal acts of his reign in Wallachia, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Greek War Of Independence
The Greek War of Independence, also known as the Greek Revolution or the Greek Revolution of 1821, was a successful war of independence by Greek revolutionaries against the Ottoman Empire between 1821 and 1829. In 1826, the Greeks were assisted by the British Empire, Bourbon Restoration in France, Kingdom of France, and the Russian Empire, while the Ottomans were aided by their vassals, especially by the Eyalet of Egypt. The war led to the formation of modern Greece, which would be expanded to its modern size in later years. The revolution is celebrated by Greek diaspora, Greeks around the world as Greek Independence Day, independence day on 25 March. All Greek territory, except the Ionian Islands, the Mani Peninsula, and mountainous regions in Epirus, came under Ottoman rule in the 15th century. During the following centuries, there were Ottoman Greece#Uprisings before 1821, Greek uprisings against Ottoman rule. Most uprisings began in the independent Greek realm of the Mani Pe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1802 Vrancea Earthquake
The 1802 Vrancea earthquake occurred in the Vrancea Mountains of today's Romania (then Moldavia) on , on St. Paraskeva's Day. With an estimated intensity of 7.9 on the moment magnitude scale, it is the strongest earthquake ever recorded in Romania and one of the strongest in European history. It was felt across an area of more than two million square kilometers in Eastern Europe and the Balkans, from Saint Petersburg to the Aegean Sea. In Bucharest, the earthquake had an estimated intensity of VIII–IX on the Mercalli scale. It toppled church steeples and caused the Cotroceni Monastery to collapse. Numerous fires broke out, mainly from overturned stoves. In the Ottoman Empire (today's Bulgaria), the cities of Ruse, Varna and Vidin were almost completely destroyed. The force of the earthquake cracked walls as far north as Moscow. The main quake was followed by a series of aftershocks, of which the largest had a magnitude of 5.5. Damage and casualties The main shock hit Buch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1785
Events January–March * January 1 ** The Burmese Konbaung Dynasty annexes the Mrauk U Kingdom of Arakan. ** The first issue of the '' Daily Universal Register'', later known as ''The Times'', is published in London. * January 7 – Frenchman Jean-Pierre Blanchard and American John Jeffries travel from Dover, England to Calais, France in a hydrogen gas balloon, becoming the first to cross the English Channel by air. * January 11 – Richard Henry Lee is elected as President of the U.S. Congress of the Confederation.''Harper's Encyclopaedia of United States History from 458 A. D. to 1909'', ed. by Benson John Lossing and, Woodrow Wilson (Harper & Brothers, 1910) p167 * January 20 – Battle of Rạch Gầm-Xoài Mút: Invading Siamese forces, attempting to exploit the political chaos in Vietnam, are ambushed and annihilated at the Mekong River by the Tây Sơn. * January 27 – The University of Georgia in the United States is chartered by the Georgi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grigore II Ghica
Grigore II Ghica (1695 – 3 September 1752) was Voivode (Prince) of Moldavia at four different intervals — from October 1726 to April 16, 1733, from November 27, 1735 to 14 September 1739, from October 1739 to September 1741 and from May 1747 to April 1748 — and twice Voivode (Prince) of Wallachia: April 16, 1733 – November 27, 1735 and April 1748 to September 3, 1752. He was son of Matei Ghica (son of Grigore I Ghica). Reigns He was helped to gain the throne in Iași by previous Prince Nicolae Mavrocordat, upon Mihai Racoviță's deposition by the Ottoman overlord. He decreased taxes, but chose to continue the established policy of awarding offices to Greeks and Levantines instead of local boyars. Thus, he faced mounting opposition from Dimitrie Racoviță, who tried to remove Scarlat by enlisting Budjak Tatars' help – he was however rejected after clashing with Ghica and his Wallachian and Ottoman allies. With the outbreak of the Russo-Turkish War came Imperial ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1738 Vrancea Earthquake
The 1738 Vrancea earthquake occurred on , during the third rule of Constantin Mavrocordat. The seism aroused great panic and is mentioned in several sources. It occurred in the lower lithospheric block, at a depth of . Its effects were violent on large areas, the hardest hit being Bucharest, where several houses and churches collapsed. The Romanian territories were not the only affected. In Niš, a Serbian city where the Ottoman army was quartered, the fortress on Nišava partially collapsed, and in Nikopol on Danube four mosques collapsed. At an estimated magnitude of 7.7 on the Richter scale, the earthquake of 1738 is one of the strongest in Romanian history. Foreshock According to the catalogue of Cornelius Radu, several foreshocks of magnitude 5–6 occurred starting with March 1738. In a chronicle it is mentioned that a "large" foreshock happened on 8 May 1738. It occurred at "5 o'clock", but its magnitude is not known. Damage The earthquake was felt especially in Buc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russo-Turkish War (1735–1739)
The Russo-Turkish War of 1735–1739 between Russia and the Ottoman Empire was caused by the Ottoman Empire's war with Persia and the continuing raids by the Crimean Tatars. The war also represented Russia's ongoing struggle for access to the Black Sea. In 1737, the Habsburg monarchy joined the war on Russia's side, known in historiography as the Austro-Turkish War of 1737–1739. Russian diplomacy before the war By the outbreak of the Russo-Turkish War, Russia had successfully secured a favorable international situation. This was achieved through the signing of treaties with the Persian Empire from 1732 to 1735 (which was engaged in a conflict with the Ottoman Empire from 1730 to 1735) and by supporting the accession of Augustus III to the Polish throne in 1735, instead of Stanislaw Leszczynski, who had been nominated by pro-Ottoman France. Austria had been Russia's ally since 1726. Initial stage of the war in 1735–1736 The casus belli was the raids of the Crimean Tatars ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
