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Trebišnjica River
The Trebišnjica ( sr-cyrl, Требишњица) is a river in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and the right tributary of the Neretva. Before it was utilized for hydro exploitation via various hydrotechnical interventions and systems with different purposes, Trebišnjica used to be a sinking river, rising and sinking through its course before resurfacing at various places from the Neretva river below the Čapljina to the Adriatic coast, and along the coast from the Neretva Delta to Sutorina. With a total length of above the ground, and roughly another below the surface, the Trebšnjica river is one of the longest sinking rivers in the world with the total of above and under the ground. In hydrological terms, it represents a sub-basin within the Neretva river basin. In classical antiquity, the river was known as the Arion, Sources The Trebišnjica river originate near town of Bileća. The source of the river is a system of strong karstic wellsprings distributed in two principal aqu ...
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Trebišnjica Wellsprings Group
Trebišnjica wellspring-group is a system of two geographically and hydrologically distinct principal groupings of strong karst spring, karstic springs, Trebišnjica and Čeplica, which together constitute source of the Trebišnjica river. Wellsprings are located just below town of Bileća in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The entire area where founts are situated is submerged under Bilećko Lake since 1967, formed after the construction of Trebinje-1 Hydroelectric Power Station and its large arch dam at Grnčarevo village. Springs The Trebišnjica river emerges under the karst, karstic plateau on which town of Bileća sits. There are two main spring-groups, first in immediate proximity of town itself, and second little more than 3 kilometers downstream at Čepelica village. Trebišnjica spring-group The Trebišnjica spring-group at Bileća, at a.s.l., is composed of three major wellspring outlets, "Dejanova Pećina", "Vrelo Oko", and "Nikšičko Vrelo". Čepelica spring-group Another ...
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Bosnia And Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina, sometimes known as Bosnia-Herzegovina and informally as Bosnia, is a country in Southeast Europe. Situated on the Balkans, Balkan Peninsula, it borders Serbia to the east, Montenegro to the southeast, and Croatia to the north and southwest, with a coast on the Adriatic Sea in the south. Bosnia (region), Bosnia has a moderate continental climate with hot summers and cold, snowy winters. Its geography is largely mountainous, particularly in the central and eastern regions, which are dominated by the Dinaric Alps. Herzegovina, the smaller, southern region, has a Mediterranean climate and is mostly mountainous. Sarajevo is the capital and the largest city. The area has been inhabited since at least the Upper Paleolithic, with permanent human settlement traced to the Neolithic cultures of Butmir culture, Butmir, Kakanj culture, Kakanj, and Vučedol culture, Vučedol. After the arrival of the first Proto-Indo-Europeans, Indo-Europeans, the area was populated ...
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Estavelles
In karst geology, estavelle or inversac is a ground orifice which, depending on weather conditions and season, can serve either as a sink or as a source of fresh water. It is a type of ponor or sinkhole A sinkhole is a depression or hole in the ground caused by some form of collapse of the surface layer. The term is sometimes used to refer to doline, enclosed depressions that are also known as shakeholes, and to openings where surface water .... References Karst Cave geology Dinaric karst formations Dinaric Alps {{geology-stub ...
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Vrelo Čepo
Vrelo may refer to: Places Bosnia and Herzegovina * Vrelo (Cazin) Kosovo * Vrelo (Istok) Serbia * Vrelo (Aleksinac) * Vrelo (Babušnica) * Vrelo (Kuršumlija) * Vrelo (Niš) * Vrelo (Ub) Other * Vrelo (river) Vrelo ( sr-Cyrl, Врело) is a right tributary of the river Drina in the settlement of Perućac, Bajina Bašta Municipality in Serbia. The river is only 365 meters long and is probably one of the shortest rivers in the world. Course The ...
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Čepelica River
Čepelica ( sr-cyrl, Чепелица) is a village and the small river in the municipality of Bileća, Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina, sometimes known as Bosnia-Herzegovina and informally as Bosnia, is a country in Southeast Europe. Situated on the Balkans, Balkan Peninsula, it borders Serbia to the east, Montenegro to the southeast, and Croatia to th ....Official results from the book: Ethnic composition of Bosnia-Herzegovina population, by municipalities and settlements, 1991. census, Zavod za statistiku Bosne i Hercegovine - Bilten no.234, Sarajevo 1991. References Villages in Republika Srpska Populated places in Bileća Lower Horizons Hydroelectric Power Stations System Trebišnjica {{Bileća-geo-stub ...
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Aquifer
An aquifer is an underground layer of water-bearing material, consisting of permeability (Earth sciences), permeable or fractured rock, or of unconsolidated materials (gravel, sand, or silt). Aquifers vary greatly in their characteristics. The study of water flow in aquifers and the characterization of aquifers is called ''hydrogeology''. Related concepts include aquitard, a bed (geology), bed of low permeability along an aquifer, and aquiclude (or ''aquifuge''), a solid and impermeable region underlying or overlying an aquifer, the pressure of which could lead to the formation of a confined aquifer. Aquifers can be classified as saturated versus unsaturated; aquifers versus aquitards; confined versus unconfined; isotropic versus anisotropic; porous, karst, or fractured; and transboundary aquifer. Groundwater from aquifers can be sustainably harvested by humans through the use of qanats leading to a well. This groundwater is a major source of fresh water for many regions, althoug ...
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Classical Antiquity
Classical antiquity, also known as the classical era, classical period, classical age, or simply antiquity, is the period of cultural History of Europe, European history between the 8th century BC and the 5th century AD comprising the interwoven civilizations of ancient Greece and ancient Rome, Rome known together as the Greco-Roman world, centered on the Mediterranean Basin. It is the period during which ancient Greece and Rome flourished and had major influence throughout much of Europe, North Africa, and West Asia. Classical antiquity was succeeded by the period now known as late antiquity. Conventionally, it is often considered to begin with the earliest recorded Homeric Greek, Epic Greek poetry of Homer (8th–7th centuries BC) and end with the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 AD. Such a wide span of history and territory covers many disparate cultures and periods. ''Classical antiquity'' may also refer to an idealized vision among later people of what was, in Ed ...
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Sutorina
Sutorina (, , ) is a village and a river located in Herceg Novi Municipality in southwestern Montenegro. The village is located near the border with Croatia, some three kilometers northwest of the Adriatic Sea in Igalo. The surrounding region, including a short stretch of the Adriatic coast, was named after the little vale of the river Sutorina west of Herceg Novi. The long coast on the west side of the entrance to the Boka Kotorska, from Cape Kobila to Igalo, known generally as Sutorina, includes the Sutorina valley including 6 villages: Igalo, Sutorina, Sušćepan, Prijevor, Herceg Novi, Prijevor, Ratiševina and Kruševice, an area of 75 km². History Sutorina was part of Bosnia and Herzegovina within Austria-Hungary and Yugoslavia between 1878 and 1947 when it became part of SR Montenegro. Circumstances of this transfer are under long dispute, see Sutorina dispute. On 26 August 2015, governments of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Montenegro signed in Vienna a border agreement wh ...
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Neretva Delta
Neretva Delta is the river delta of the Neretva, a river that flows through Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia and empties in the Adriatic Sea. The delta is a unique landscape in southern Croatia, and a wetland that is listed under the Ramsar Convention as internationally important, as the wetland extends into the Hutovo Blato in Herzegovina. The total alluvial area of the delta is estimated at around , while today the delta takes up roughly . A total of of the delta are designated protected areas: * ornithological reserves: Prud, Orepak, Podgredom * ornithological and ichthyological reserve at the river mouth * protected landscape: lake Modro oko An additional 1200 ha of nature in the delta is not protected. In 2003, the Ministry of Environment and Spatial Planning (Croatia), Ministry of Environment and Spatial Planning organized a public discussion about the proposal to make the delta a nature park. In 2007, the experts from the State Institute for Nature Protection (Croati ...
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Čapljina
Čapljina ( cyrl, Чапљина, ) is a city located in Herzegovina-Neretva Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is located on the border with Croatia a mere from the Adriatic Sea. The river Neretva flows through the city and flows into the Adriatic just over the border. The town's landmark is a statue of King Tomislav. The Church of Saint Francis of Assisi is also a prominent facet of the city. The city coat of arms contains the Croatian checkerboard, the nearby tower in Počitelj, and Saint Francis of Assisi. The city has a rich archaeological history and untouched wilderness and is starting to develop agricultural tourism. It is also home to Hutovo Blato, Hutovo Blato Park, which contains one of the most diverse bird populations in all Europe. The Croatian town of Metković is located just over the border and there are significant commercial and other links between the two towns. History Not much is known about this city ...
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Sinking River
A losing stream, disappearing stream, influent stream or sinking river is a stream or river that loses water as it flows downstream. The water infiltrates into the ground recharging the local groundwater, because the water table is below the bottom of the stream channel. This is the opposite of a more common ''gaining stream'' (or ''effluent stream'') which increases in water volume farther downstream as it gains water from the local aquifer. Losing streams are common in arid areas due to the climate which results in huge amounts of water evaporating from the river generally towards the mouth. Losing streams are also common in regions of karst topography where the streamwater may be completely captured by a cavern system, becoming a subterranean river. Examples There are many natural examples of subterranean rivers including: Bosnia and Herzegovina * Unac; Mušnica-Trebišnjica- Krupa/Ombla (Trebišnjica is considered to be one of the largest sinking rivers in the world; ...
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