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Transitional Legislative Authority (Sudan)
The Transitional Legislative Council ( ''al majlis al tashrieiu al aintiqaliu al sudaniu'') is a planned legislative body for Sudan to be formed as a stage in the Sudanese transition to democracy. As of February 2025, the Transitional Legislative Council is not yet operational and instead, the members of the Transitional Sovereignty Council and Cabinet of Sudan constitute a Transitional Legislative Authority to act as the Sudan's interim legislature. Background Prior to the overthrow of president Omar al-Bashir in a coup d'état in April 2019, Sudan's National Legislature was bicameral with a 50-member Council of States and a 450-member National Assembly. As part of a transition to democracy, a 300-member Transitional Legislative Council was to have been formed to act as Sudan's legislature until elections planned for 2022. A transitional constitution was adopted in August 2019 resulting in a Transitional Sovereignty Council and interim government being formed. The transi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Unicameralism
Unicameralism (from ''uni''- "one" + Latin ''camera'' "chamber") is a type of legislature consisting of one house or assembly that legislates and votes as one. Unicameralism has become an increasingly common type of legislature, making up nearly 60% of all national legislatures and an even greater share of subnational legislatures. Sometimes, as in New Zealand and Denmark, unicameralism comes about through the abolition of one of two bicameral chambers, or, as in Sweden, through the merger of the two chambers into a single one, while in others a second chamber has never existed from the beginning. Rationale for unicameralism and criticism The principal advantage of a unicameral system is more efficient lawmaking, as the legislative process is simpler and there is no possibility of gridlock (politics), deadlock between two chambers. Proponents of unicameralism have also argued that it reduces costs, even if the number of legislators stays the same, since there are fewer instituti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sudanese Armed Forces
The Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF; ) are the military forces of the Republic of the Sudan. The force strength has been estimated at personnel in 2011 (by IISS), 200,000 personnel before the current war in Sudan broke out in 2023 (by the CIA), and 300,000 personnel in 2024 (by Al Jazeera). In 2016–2017, the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF) had members participating in the Yemeni Civil War (of which returned to Sudan by October 2019). As of 2025, the SAF and RSF remain in armed conflict against one other in the ongoing civil war in Sudan. History The origins of the Sudanese army can be traced to six battalions of black soldiers from southern Sudan, recruited by the British during the reconquest of Sudan in 1898. Sudan officially became the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan in 1899. The highest-ranking British officer in Egypt, known as the Sirdar, also served as Governor General of the Sudan. In 1922, after nationalist riots stimulated by Egyptian leader Saad Zaghloul, Egyp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ibrahim Jabir Karim
Ibrahim Jaber Karim () is the Assistant Commander-in-Chief of the Sudanese Armed Forces with the rank of Admiral since May 2023. He is also the Chairman of the Board of Directors of " Sudatel Group for Communications", and a member of the " Sudanese Sovereignty Council" since 21 August 2019. He participated in the establishment of the " Transitional Military Council" in 2019, and was a member of it as well as the head of the council's economic committee. Jabir joined the Navy in 1988 and held several positions there, including Director of the Training Department, Director of the Technical Department, Military Attaché in Southeast Asia between 2007 and 2015, and Deputy Chief of Staff of the Naval Forces for Logistics and Engineering between 2015 and 2019. He holds a Master's degree in Industrial Planning from University of Putra Malaysia, and a Bachelor's degree in Mechanical Engineering in 1987 from the University of Khartoum The University of Khartoum (U of K) () is a public ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yasser Al-Atta
Lieutenant General Yasser al-Atta (, ) is a Sudanese military officer who serves as the Assistant Commander-in-Chief of the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF). al-Atta has been a member of the Sudanese Sovereignty Council since 21 August 2019, and previously served as Vice Chairman of the Transitional Military Council in 2019. He was also the former commander of the Sudanese Border Guard Forces, and was once a military attaché in Djibouti. His uncle was Major Hashim al-Atta, who led and was executed for the 1971 coup d'état. 2023 war in Sudan In May, al-Atta stated that the army controlled most of the country, except for a few small areas, while accusing media linked to the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) of spreading misinformation. He thanked Saudi Arabia and the United States for their mediation efforts but emphasized the army's goal of expelling the RSF from Khartoum. Al-Atta dismissed the possibility of the conflict escalating into a civil war, asserting that the army represent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shams Al-Din Khabbashi
Lieutenant General Shams al-Din Kabbashi (; born 1 January 1961), is a Sudanese military officer and academic. He holds the distinction of being the fifth military member of the Sudanese Sovereign Council, a significant political body formed following the ousting of President Omar al-Bashir in 2019. He is Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Sudanese Armed Forces. Early life and education Shams al-Din Kabbashi Ibrahim Shinto was raised in the village of Anqarko, located south of Dalang, in South Kordofan. His father, Kabashi Ibrahim Shinto, served as a soldier in the Sudan Defence Force with the Haggana Brigade, from 1955 to 1973. Kabbashi education journey took him through various schools due to his father's military postings, including primary schools in Dalang, Babanusa, al-Mandal, al-Hammadi, Talodi, and middle school at Habila and Heiban schools in South Kordofan. He completed his high school education at Talwi Secondary School in Kadugli. Career Military career Sha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malik Agar
Malik Agar (; born Nganyofa Agar Eyre Nganyofa) is a Sudanese politician and former insurgent leader who was active in the insurgency in Blue Nile state. Since 2023, he has been the deputy chairman of the Transitional Sovereignty Council, Sudan's ruling military junta. Early life Malik Agar was born Nganyofa Agar Eyre Nganyofa to an Ingessana chief in Blue Nile State. He did not know he was a Muslim until he was eight. His headteacher gave him the name "Malik" and told him he was a Muslim. From then on, he was called "Malik Agar Eyre". Second Sudanese Civil War Agar joined the Sudanese armed opposition shortly after the beginning of the Second Sudanese Civil War in 1983. In the 1990s, he was the commander of a section of the Sudan People's Liberation Movement (SPLM) military forces along the Ethiopia–Sudan border south of the Blue Nile to Geissan. SPLM units under his command captured the towns of Kurmuk and Qaissan in 1997. Agar was close to John Garang, and shar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blue Nile State
Blue Nile State ( ') is one of the eighteen states of the Republic of the Sudan. It was established by presidential decree nº 3 in 1992 and it is named after the Blue Nile River. The region is host to around forty different ethnic groups. Its economic activity is based on agriculture and livestock and increasing mineral exploitation. History In 2011, residents of Blue Nile were scheduled to hold ill-defined "popular consultations" to determine the constitutional future of the state, per the Comprehensive Peace Agreement. Instead, a dispute over the rightful government of the state, and the determination of Omar al-Bashir to eradicate the Sudan People's Liberation Movement–North, led to a renewed nine-year conflict between government forces and the Sudan Revolutionary Front as well as contributing to a refugee crisis. The conflict finally came to an end in 2020 after a peace agreement was signed and the government to not discriminate based on ethnicity or religion. Furth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South Kordofan
South Kordofan ( ') is one of the 18 States of Sudan, wilayat or states of Sudan. It has an area of 158,355 km2 and an estimated population of approximately 2,107,623 people (2018 est). Kaduqli is the capital of the state. It is centered on the Nuba Hills, Nuba Mountains. At one time it was supposed that South Kordofan was the only state in (North) Sudan suitable for producing oil, but oil has also been discovered in neighboring White Nile State in larger quantities. Under the Comprehensive Peace Agreement, residents of South Kordofan were to hold popular consultations in 2011 to determine the constitutional future of the state. However, South Kordofan governor Ahmed Haroun suspended the process and violence followed. Haroun had previously been charged with war crimes against civilians and crime against humanity by the International Criminal Court. History Although South Kordofan is part of Sudan, it is home to many pro-South Sudan communities, especially in the Nuba Mount ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Darfur
Darfur ( ; ) is a region of western Sudan. ''Dār'' is an Arabic word meaning "home f – the region was named Dardaju () while ruled by the Daju, who migrated from Meroë , and it was renamed Dartunjur () when the Tunjur ruled the area. Darfur was an independent sultanate for several hundred years until 1874, when it fell to the Sudanese warlord Rabih az-Zubayr. The region was later invaded and incorporated into Sudan by Anglo-Egyptian forces in 1916. Richard Cockett Sudan: Darfur and the failure of an African state. 2010. Hobbs the Printers Ltd., Totten, Hampshire. As an administrative region, Darfur is divided into five federal states: Central Darfur, East Darfur, North Darfur, South Darfur and West Darfur. Because of the War in Darfur between Sudanese government forces and the indigenous population, the region has been in a state of humanitarian emergency and genocide since 2003. The factors include religious and ethnic rivalry, and the rivalry between farm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MANSAM
MANSAM or Women of Sudanese Civic and Political Groups is an alliance of eight political women's groups, 18 civil society organisations, two youth groups and individuals in Sudan that was active in the Sudanese Revolution. Creation MANSAM started in August 2018 as a coordination between Sudanese women organising for their rights, who communicated using WhatsApp instant messaging and met in private homes. Sudanese Revolution MANSAM played a significant role in the Sudanese Revolution. It was one of the signers of the 1 January declaration that created the Forces of Freedom and Change (FFC), the main broad alliance of organisations, networks and political parties that played a dominating coordinating role in the Sudanese Revolution starting in December 2018. Arrests of MANSAM members in 2019 strengthened the group. On 2 July 2019, during negotiations between the Transitional Military Council (TMC) and the FFC on behalf of civilian groups, MANSAM stated that women had been exclu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
No To Oppression Against Women Initiative
The No to Oppression against Women Initiative (Arabic: مبادرة لا لقهر النساء ''Mubadarat La Liqahr al-Nisa' ''), also known as the No to Women's Oppression Initiative, is a Sudanese women's rights group. The group was active during the Omar al-Bashir era and played a significant role during the 2018–2019 Sudanese Revolution. Creation The No to Oppression against Women Initiative was created in 2009 to defend women's rights in Sudan after Lubna Ahmed al-Hussein, a female Sudanese journalist working with the United Nations, was arrested for wearing trousers, which was considered by judicial authorities to be a violation of Sharia-based public order law. Hussein was arrested with twelve other women who had also been wearing trousers at a Khartoum restaurant. At the 4 August 2009 trial, two hundred women and men activists demonstrated in protest against the trial and were dispersed by riot police using tear gas, shields and sticks. Ten women had already been flog ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gilbert Achcar
Gilbert Achcar (; 5 November 1951) is a Lebanese socialist academic and writer. He is a Professor of Development Studies and International Relations at the School of Oriental and African Studies of the University of London. His research interests cover the Near East and North Africa, the foreign policy of the United States, globalization, Islam, and Islamic fundamentalism. He is also a Fellow at the International Institute for Research and Education. Career Born in Senegal, Achcar was raised in Lebanon, where he obtained degrees in philosophy and the social sciences at Lebanese University and was a member of the Revolutionary Communist Group. He took up residence in France in 1983, and completed his doctorate in social history and international relations at the University of Paris VIII, where in 1991 he began teaching political science, sociology, and international relations. In 2003 he took up a research position at the Marc Bloch Centre in Berlin, which he maintained ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
