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Three Constantly Read Articles
The Three Old Articles (老三篇), also the Three Constantly Read Articles, are the three papers entitled "Serve the People", "In Memory of Norman Bethune" and "The Foolish Old Man Who Removed the Mountains" published by Mao Zedong before the founding of the People's Republic of China. These three articles mainly elaborated on the Chinese Communist Party's concepts of "serving the people", "not benefiting oneself but exclusively benefiting others" and "hard struggle". Lin Biao was instrumental in establishing the canon of these three articles. Serve the People Serve the People () is a speech written by Mao Zedong to commemorate the death of a People's Liberation Army (PLA) soldier, Zhang Side, a participant in the Long March who died in the collapse of a kiln when he worked in Shaanxi province. In the speech, Mao quoted a phrase written by the famous Han dynasty historian Sima Qian: "Though death befalls all men alike, it may be heavy as Mount Tai or light as a feather". Mao con ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cadre System Of The Chinese Communist Party
The Chinese Communist Party (CCP) maintains a system to train, organize, appoint, and oversee personnel to fulfill a wide range of civil service-type roles in party, state, military, business, and other organizations across the People's Republic of China. The system is composed of the several million full-time, professional staff. China is a one-party state under the CCP. The management of cadres is one of the ways the CCP controls the state and influences wider society. Personnel must be loyal to the CCP, but are not always members themselves. Cadres are not only trained to be competent administrators, but also ideologically faithful to the party and its pursuit of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Definition The word '' cadre'' most broadly refers to the staff that are tasked with the management of state and/or party affairs. Based on the Leninist concept of vanguardism, a cadre is a full-time, professional revolutionary dedicated to the goals of a communist party, who w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charu Majumdar
Charu Majumdar (15 May 1918 – 28 July 1972) was an Indian communist leader, and founder and General Secretary of the Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist). Born into a progressive landlord family in Siliguri in 1918, he became a Communist during the Indian independence movement, and later formed Naxalism. During this period, he authored the historic accounts of the 1967 Naxalbari uprising. His writings, particularly the Historic Eight Documents, have become part of the ideology of a number of Communism-aligned political parties in India. Biography Majumdar was born in Matualaloi, Rajshahi (now Siliguri) to a zamindar family. His father Bireshwar Majumdar was a freedom fighter and president of the Darjeeling District Committee of the Indian National Congress during the Indian independence movement. In 1930, as a student in Siliguri, he joined the All Bengal Students' Association, which was affiliated to the underground anti-colonial organisation Anushilan Sami ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naxalite Movement
Naxalism is the communist ideology of the Naxalites or Naxals, a grouping of political and insurgent groups from India. It is influenced by Maoist political sentiment and ideology. Inspired by Maoism, Charu Majumdar wrote the Historic Eight Documents, which became the basis of Naxalism. Majumdar, Kanu Sanyal, and Jangal Santhal formed a faction of the Communist Party of India (Marxist) that called for a protracted people's war. The Naxalite–Maoist insurgency started after a 1967 uprising in the village of Naxalbari, West Bengal. The ideology takes its name from the village. After the uprising, Sanyal established the Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist). Majumdar's writings became popular in urban areas. As students in Calcutta began to join the Naxalite movement, Majumdar shifted the ideology's focus beyond rural areas. The Naxalites splintered into various groups supportive of Maoist ideology. Under the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act of India (1967), som ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quotations From Chairman Mao
''Quotations from Chairman Mao'' ( zh, s=毛主席语录, t=毛主席語錄, p=Máo Zhǔxí Yǔlù, commonly known as the "红宝书" zh, p=hóng bǎo shū during the Cultural Revolution), colloquially referred to in the English-speaking world as the Little Red Book, is a compilation book of quotations from speeches and writings by Mao Zedong (formerly romanized as Mao Tse-tung), the former chairman of the Chinese Communist Party, published from 1964 to 1979 and widely distributed during the Cultural Revolution. Publication process ''Quotations from Chairman Mao Tse-tung'' was originally compiled by an office of the ''PLA Daily'' (''People's Liberation Army Daily'') as an ideological handbook. It developed out of Lin Biao's practice of incorporating the study of Mao's texts and model soldiers like Lei Feng into daily drills. Lin's approach became known as the "lively study, lively application" of Mao Zedong Thought. In 1961, Lin had required PLA Daily to publish a Mao quote ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Cultural Revolution
The Cultural Revolution, formally known as the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, was a Social movement, sociopolitical movement in the China, People's Republic of China (PRC). It was launched by Mao Zedong in 1966 and lasted until his death in 1976. Its stated goal was to preserve Ideology of the Chinese Communist Party, Chinese socialism by purging remnants of Capitalism, capitalist and Four Olds, traditional elements from Chinese culture, Chinese society. In May 1966, with the help of the Cultural Revolution Group, Mao launched the Revolution and said that Bourgeoisie, bourgeois elements had infiltrated the government and society with the aim of restoring capitalism. Mao called on young people to Bombard the Headquarters, bombard the headquarters, and proclaimed that "to rebel is justified". Mass upheaval began in Beijing with Red August in 1966. Many young people, mainly students, responded by forming Cadre system of the Chinese Communist Party, cadres of Red Guards th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
7th National Congress Of The Chinese Communist Party
The 7th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party was convened April 23 - June 11, 1945, in Yan'an, Shaanxi. It took place near the end of the Second Sino-Japanese War during a period of uneasy truce between the Kuomintang and Communist parties, with each maintaining their headquarters in different regions of China. It was preceded by the 6th National Congress and followed by the 8th National Congress. Discussions and reports During the 7th National Congress, Mao Zedong delivered his April 1945 report ''On the Coalition Government'' which expanded on the principles of New Democracy he had formulated in his earlier essay '' On New Democracy''. During the Congress, Mao described the Chinese Communist Party's guerilla warfare as "sparrow tactics": Mao also used the fable of ''The Foolish Old Man Removes the Mountains'' in a speech. The foolish old man and his sons are engaged in the seemingly impossible task of removing two mountains, but the gods are touched by their ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chinese Gods
Chinese gods and immortals are beings in various Chinese religions seen in a variety of ways and mythological contexts. Many are worshiped as deities because traditional Chinese religion is polytheistic, stemming from a pantheistic view that divinity is inherent in the world. The gods are energies or principles revealing, imitating, and propagating the way of heaven (, ''Tian''), which is the supreme godhead manifesting in the northern culmen of the starry vault of the skies and its order. Many gods are ancestors or men who became deities for their heavenly achievements. Most gods are also identified with stars and constellations. Ancestors are regarded as the equivalent of Heaven within human society, and therefore, as the means of connecting back to Heaven, which is the "utmost ancestral father" (, ). There are a variety of immortals in Chinese thought, and one major type is the ''xian'', which is thought in some religious Taoism movements to be a human given long or infi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mount Wangwu
Mount Wangwu () is a mountain situated about north west of Jiyuan City in China’s Henan province. Located in the Wangwushan-Yuntaishan National Park, Mount Wangwu is a famous Taoist site that includes the “Celestial Grotto of the Small Pristine Void” (), one of the Ten Grotto-heavens of Taoism. According to legend, the Yellow Emperor used an altar on top of the mountain to offer sacrifices to Heaven or Tian () where he received the Book of Nine Elixirs (), one of the earliest Chinese alchemical texts. p. 397 See also *One of the two mountains mentioned in the ancient Chinese myth " The Foolish Old Man Removes the Mountains（Chinese：愚公移山）", the other is Taihang Mountain. References External linksImages of Mount Wangwu Mountains of Henan {{PRChina-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taihang Mountains
The Taihang Mountains () are a Chinese mountain range running down the eastern edge of the Loess Plateau in Shanxi, Henan and Hebei provinces. The range extends over from north to south and has an average elevation of ; its principal peak is Mount Xiaowutai. The Taihang's eastern peak is Mount Cangyan in Hebei; Baishi Mountain forms its northern tip. Event * 185 The rebels of the Yellow Turban are defeated by the imperial army, but only two months later, the rebellion breaks out again. It spreads to the Taihang Mountains on the western border of Hebei Province. Background The Taihang Mountains were formed during the Jurassic. Brown forest and Cinnamon soils are found here. The name of Shanxi Province, meaning "west of the mountains", derives from its location west of the Taihang Mountains. The name of Shandong Province (east of the mountains) originally applied to the area east of the Xiao Mountains, but by the Tang dynasty it refers to the area east of the Ta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Foolish Old Man Removes The Mountains
The Foolish Old Man Removes the Mountains () is a well-known fable from Chinese mythology about the virtues of perseverance and willpower. The tale first appeared in Book 5 of the '' Liezi'', a Daoist text of the 4th century BC, and was retold in the '' Garden of Stories'' by the Confucian scholar Liu Xiang in the 1st century BC. It was also used by Mao Zedong in a famous speech in 1945. Story The myth concerns a Foolish Old Man of 90 years who lived near a pair of mountains (given in some tellings as the Taihang and the Wangwu mountains, in Yu Province). He was annoyed by the obstruction caused by the mountains and sought to dig through them with hoes and baskets. To move the mountain, he could only make one round trip between the mountain and his home in a year. The food he brought on the road to last him through this difficult time is Chaoqi. When questioned as to the seemingly impossible nature of his task, the Foolish Old Man replied that while he may not finish this ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blood Poisoning
Blood is a body fluid in the circulatory system of humans and other vertebrates that delivers necessary substances such as nutrients and oxygen to the cells, and transports metabolic waste products away from those same cells. Blood is composed of blood cells suspended in blood plasma. Plasma, which constitutes 55% of blood fluid, is mostly water (92% by volume), and contains proteins, glucose, mineral ions, and hormones. The blood cells are mainly red blood cells (erythrocytes), white blood cells (leukocytes), and (in mammals) platelets (thrombocytes). The most abundant cells are red blood cells. These contain hemoglobin, which facilitates oxygen transport by reversibly binding to it, increasing its solubility. Jawed vertebrates have an adaptive immune system, based largely on white blood cells. White blood cells help to resist infections and parasites. Platelets are important in the clotting of blood. Blood is circulated around the body through blood vessels by the pumpin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
