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Thout
Thout (, ), also known as Thoth (, ''Thōth'') and Tut. (), is the first month of the ancient Egyptian and Coptic calendars. It lies between 11 September and 10 October of the Gregorian calendar. The month of Thout is also the first month of the Season of ''Akhet'' (Inundation) in Ancient Egypt, when the Nile floods historically covered the land of Egypt; it has not done so since the construction of the High Dam at Aswan. Name The name of the month comes from Thoth, the Ancient Egyptian God of Wisdom and Science, inventor of writing, patron of scribes, and "he who designates the seasons, months, and years." Thoth presided over the "House of Life", which were composed and copied all texts necessary for the maintenance and replenishment of life. Coptic Synaxarium of the month of Thout See also * Egyptian, Coptic, and Islamic calendar The Hijri calendar (), also known in English as the Islamic calendar, is a lunar calendar consisting of 12 lunar months in a year o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pope Avilius Of Alexandria
Pope Avilius of Alexandria (also known as Abilius, Sabellius, Abylius, Abitius, Milius and Melyos) (? – 95 AD), was the 3rd Patriarch of Alexandria. Overview Upon the death of Anianus of Alexandria, the suffragan bishops and priests of the area converged with the laity in Alexandria and unanimously elected Avilius in the month of December (Kiahk), 83 AD, during the reign of the Roman Emperor Domitian. Pope Avilius was known for his chastity, and was pious and caring towards the people of Christ. He continued to establish the people in faith and the Christians grew in number in Egypt and in the five western provinces, and Sudan. During his time serving, the Egyptian people began renouncing the worshiping of idols and practiced their Christianity together, in groups. Despite the religion of Egypt being Roman Paganism, his time as pope was a time of peace for the church. While some historians claim that Emperor Domitian expelled Avilius from the episcopal throne, and in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coptic Calendar
The Coptic calendar, also called the Alexandrian calendar, is a liturgical calendar used by the farming populace in Egypt and used by the Coptic Orthodox and Coptic Catholic churches. It was used for fiscal purposes in Egypt until the adoption of the Gregorian calendar on 11 September 1875 (1st Thout 1592 AM). This calendar is based on the ancient Egyptian calendar. To avoid the calendar creep of the latter (which contained only 365 days each year, year after year, so that the seasons shifted about one day every four years), a reform of the ancient Egyptian calendar was introduced at the time of Ptolemy III ( Decree of Canopus, in 238 BC) which consisted of adding an extra day every fourth year. However, this reform was opposed by the Egyptian priests, and the reform was not adopted until 25 BC, when the Roman Emperor Augustus imposed the Decree upon Egypt as its official calendar (although initially, namely between 25 BC and AD 5, it was unsynchronised with the original i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pope Macarius II Of Alexandria
Pope Macarius II of Alexandria, the 69th Pope of Alexandria and Patriarch of the See of St. Mark. He is commemorated in the Calendar of Saints of the Coptic Church on 4 Thout. Life Pope Macarius II was pious and ascetic since his young age, and longed for the monastic life. He went to the desert of Scetes Wadi El Natrun (Arabic: "Valley of Natron"; , "measure of the hearts") is a depression in northern Egypt that is located below sea level and below the Nile River level. The valley contains several alkaline lakes, natron-rich salt deposits ... and became a monk in the Monastery of Saint Macarius the Great.Holweck, Frederick George. ''A Biographical Dictionary of the Saints: With a General Introduction on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dasya
Saint Dasya the Soldier () or Daysa the Egyptian, was a Christian martyr of the third century. He was born in Tanda, Egypt (, modern Tida in Kafr el-Sheikh Governorate), and served as a soldier in the Roman army. Refusing to deny Christ, Dasya was torture Torture is the deliberate infliction of severe pain or suffering on a person for reasons including corporal punishment, punishment, forced confession, extracting a confession, interrogational torture, interrogation for information, or intimid ...d by Arianus, governor of Ansena, who inflicted great tortures on him, eventually cutting off his head. He is a saint in the Coptic Church and Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church. His feast in the Coptic Orthodox Church is on 2 Thout. References Ethiopian saints 3rd-century Christian martyrs 3rd-century Christian saints Saints from Roman Egypt Egyptian torture victims Year of birth missing Year of death missing Place of birth missing {{Saint-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Season Of The Inundation
The Season of the Inundation or Flood () was the first season of the lunar and civil Egyptian calendars. It fell after the intercalary month of Days over the Year ('). and before the Season of the Emergence ('). In the Coptic and Egyptian calendars this season begins at the start of the month of Thout (about 11 September), continues through the months of Paopi and Hathor, before concluding at the end of Koiak (about 8 January). Names The pronunciation of the ancient Egyptian name for the Season of the Inundation is uncertain as the hieroglyphs do not record its vowels. It is conventionally transliterated Akhet. The name refers to the annual flooding of the Nile. Lunar calendar In the lunar calendar, the intercalary month was added as needed to maintain the heliacal rising of Sirius in the fourth month of the season of the Harvest. This meant that the Season of the Inundation usually lasted from September to January. Because the precise timing of the flood varied, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thoth
Thoth (from , borrowed from , , the reflex of "[he] is like the ibis") is an ancient Egyptian deity. In art, he was often depicted as a man with the head of an African sacred ibis, ibis or a baboon, animals sacred to him. His feminine counterpart was Seshat, and his wife was Maat. He was the god of the Moon, wisdom, knowledge, writing, hieroglyphs, science, magic, art and judgment. Thoth's chief Egyptian temple, temple was located in the city of Hermopolis ( , Egyptological pronunciation: Khemenu, ). Later known as in Egyptian Arabic, the Temple of Thoth was mostly destroyed before the beginning of the Christian era. Its very large pronaos was still standing in 1826, but was demolished and used as fill for the foundation of a sugar factory by the mid-19th century. Thoth played many vital and prominent roles in Egyptian mythology, such as maintaining the universe, and being one of the two deities (the other being Maat, Ma'at) who stood on either side of Ra, Ra's solar barq ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pope Dioscorus I Of Alexandria
Dioscorus I (), also known as Dioscorus the Great, was the pope of Alexandria and patriarch of the See of St. Mark who was deposed by the Council of Chalcedon in 451. He was recognized as patriarch by the Coptic Church until his death. He died in Gangra, Paphlagonia, in September 454. He is venerated as a saint by the Coptic and other Oriental Orthodox Churches. Early life Dioscorus was a Copt from Alexandria. Dioscorus served as the dean of the Catechetical School of Alexandria, and was the personal secretary of Cyril of Alexandria, whom he accompanied to the Council of Ephesus in 431. He eventually rose to the position of archdeacon.''Encyclopædia Britannica'', Micropædia v. 4, p. 112. Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 1998. . He had been made Cyril's designated successor. Opposition to Nestorius In his struggle against Nestorius, Cyril explained the union between the divine and human natures of Christ as "inward and real without any division, change, or confus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Verena
Verena of Zurzach, also known as Saint Verena ( 260 – ), was an early Christian consecrated virgin and hermit. She is venerated as a saint in the Eastern Orthodox Church, Roman Catholic Church and Oriental Orthodox Churches. She is especially venerated in Switzerland, where her cult is attested in Bad Zurzach, the reported place of her burial, from at least the 5th century. Her feast is on 1 September. Legend The oldest tradition of the life of Verena is found in the so-called ''Vita prior'' by Hatto, the abbot of Reichenau (and later bishop of Mainz), written in c. 888. The younger ''Vita posterior'' was most likely written by a monk in Zurzach in the 11th century, the oldest extant copy dating to the 12th century. According to Hatto's account, Verena was born in Thebes as the daughter of a notable Christian family. She was educated by a bishop named Chaeremon (''Vita prior'', ch. 3). A bishop Chaeremon of Nilopolis is mentioned by Eusebius as martyred in 250, which wou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mesori
Mesori (, ''Masōri'') is the twelfth month of the ancient Egyptian and Coptic calendars. It is identical to Nahase (, ''Nähase'') in the Ethiopian calendar. Name The ancient and Coptic month is also known as Mesore (, ''Mesorḗ''). In ancient Egypt, the months were variously described. Usually, the months of the lunar calendar were listed by their placement in the seasons related to the flooding of the Nile, so that Mesori is most commonly described as the fourth month of the season of the Harvest (''4 Šmw''), variously transliterated as or Shomu. These lunar months were also named after their most important feasts, so that Mesori was also known as the "Opening" or "Opener of the Year" ('' Wp Rnpt'') or . The month was also personified as the deity of its festival, which in late sources is given as Ra-Horakhty ('' Rꜥ Ḥr Ꜣḫty'', " Ra–Horus of the Horizons"). The solar civil calendar borrowed the festivals of the earlier lunar calendar, though sometimes unde ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bartholomew The Apostle
Bartholomew was one of the twelve apostles of Jesus according to the New Testament. Most scholars today identify Bartholomew as Nathanael, who appears in the Gospel of John (1:45–51; cf. 21:2). New Testament references The name ''Bartholomew'' (, transliterated "Bartholomaios") comes from the ''bar-Tolmay'' "son of Tolmai" or "son of the furrows". Bartholomew is listed in the New Testament among the Twelve Apostles of Jesus in the three Synoptic Gospels: Matthew, Mark, and Luke, and in Acts of the Apostles. Tradition Eusebius of Caesarea's ''Ecclesiastical History'' (5:10) states that after the Ascension, Bartholomew went on a missionary tour to India, where he left behind a copy of the Gospel of Matthew. Tradition narrates that he served as a missionary in Mesopotamia and Parthia, as well as Lycaonia and Ethiopia in other accounts.''Encyclopædia Britannica'', Micropædia. vol. 1, p. 924. Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 1998. . Popular traditions say that B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John The Baptist
John the Baptist ( – ) was a Jewish preacher active in the area of the Jordan River in the early first century AD. He is also known as Saint John the Forerunner in Eastern Orthodoxy and Oriental Orthodoxy, John the Immerser in some Baptist Christianity, Christian traditions, and as the prophet Yahya ibn Zakariya in Islam. He is sometimes referred to as John the Baptiser. John is mentioned by the History of the Jews in the Roman Empire, Roman Jewish historian Josephus, and he is revered as a major religious figure in Christianity, Islam, the Baháʼí Faith, the Druze faith, and Mandaeism; in the last of these he is considered to be the final and most vital prophet. He is considered to be a prophet of God in Abrahamic religions, God by all of the aforementioned faiths, and is honoured as a saint in many Christian denominations. According to the New Testament, John anticipated a messianic figure greater than himself; in the Gospels, he is portrayed as the precursor or forerunn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paopi
Paopi (, ''Paōpe''), also known as Phaophi (, ''Phaōphí'') and Babah. (, ''Baba''), is the second month of the ancient Egyptian and Coptic calendars. It lasts between 11 October and 9 November of the Gregorian calendar, unless the previous Coptic year was a leap year. The month of Paopi is the second month of the Season of '' Akhet'' (Inundation) in Ancient Egypt, when the Nile floods inundated the land. (They have not done so since the construction of the High Dam at Aswan.) Name Paopi means "that of Opet", for the month originally celebrated the "Beautiful feast of Opet". The ancient Egyptians believed that during this month, the sun deity Amon-Ra travelled from Karnak to Luxor to celebrate the famous festival of Opet. Coptic Synaxarium of the month of Paopi See also * Egyptian, Coptic, and Islamic calendar The Hijri calendar (), also known in English as the Islamic calendar, is a lunar calendar consisting of 12 lunar months in a year of 354 or 355 days. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
