|
The Hindu Marriage Act, 1955
The Hindu Marriage Act (HMA) is an act of the Parliament of India enacted in 1955. Three other important acts were also enacted as part of the Hindu Code Bills during this time: the Hindu Succession Act (1956), the Hindu Minority and Guardianship Act (1956), and the Hindu Adoptions and Maintenance Act (1956). Purpose The main purpose of the act was to amend and codify the law relating to marriage among Hindus and others. Besides amending and codifying Shastrik Law, it also included separation and divorce, which also exist in Shastrik Law. This enactment brought uniformity of law for all sections of Hindus. In India, there are religion-specific civil codes that govern adherents of certain other religions separately. Applicability Section 2 of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 says: This Act applies to any person who is a Hindu by religion in any of its forms or developments, including a Virashaiva, a Lingayat or a follower of the Brahmo Samaj, Prarthana Samaj or Arya Samaj; ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parliament Of India
The Parliament of India (ISO 15919, ISO: ) is the supreme legislative body of the Government of India, Government of the Republic of India. It is a bicameralism, bicameral legislature composed of the Rajya Sabha (Council of States) and the Lok Sabha (House of the People). The president of India, President of the Republic of India, in their role as head of the legislature, has full powers to summon and prorogue either house of Parliament or to dissolve the Lok Sabha, but they can exercise these powers only upon the advice of the prime minister of India, Prime Minister of the Republic of India and the Union Council of Ministers. Those elected or nominated (by the president) to either house of the Parliament are referred to as member of Parliament (India), members of Parliament (MPs). The member of Parliament, Lok Sabha, members of parliament in the Lok Sabha are direct election, directly elected by the voting of Indian citizens in single-member districts and the member of Parliame ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parsis
The Parsis or Parsees () are a Zoroastrian ethnic group in the Indian subcontinent. They are descended from Persian refugees who migrated to the Indian subcontinent during and after the Arab-Islamic conquest of Iran in the 7th century, when Zoroastrians were persecuted by the early Muslims. Representing the elder of the Indian subcontinent's two Zoroastrian communities, the Parsi people are culturally, linguistically, and socially distinct from the Iranis, whose Zoroastrian ancestors migrated to British-ruled India from Qajar-era Iran. The word ''Parsi'' is derived from the Persian language, and literally translates to ''Persian'' ().Parsee, n. and adj. – Oxford English Dictionary . oed.com. Retrieved on 2015-03-03. According to the 16th-century Parsi epic '' [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lok Sabha
The Lok Sabha, also known as the House of the People, is the lower house of Parliament of India which is Bicameralism, bicameral, where the upper house is Rajya Sabha. Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha, Members of the Lok Sabha are elected by an adult universal suffrage and a first-past-the-post system to represent their respective List of constituencies of the Lok Sabha, constituencies, and they hold their seats for five years or until the body is dissolved by the president of India on the advice of the Union Council of Ministers. The house meets in the Lok Sabha Chambers of the New Parliament House, New Delhi. The maximum membership of the House allotted by the Constitution of India is 552. (Initially, in 1950, it was 500.) Currently, the house has 543 seats which are filled by the election of up to 543 elected members. Between 1952 and 2020, Anglo-Indian reserved seats in the Lok Sabha, two additional members of the Anglo-Indian community were also nominated by the President ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rajya Sabha
Rajya Sabha (Council of States) is the upper house of the Parliament of India and functions as the institutional representation of India’s federal units — the states and union territories.https://rajyasabha.nic.in/ It is a key component of India’s bicameral legislature at the national level, complementing the Lok Sabha (House of the People). While the Lok Sabha embodies the will of the people through direct elections, the Rajya Sabha serves as the voice of the states in the law-making process, reinforcing the federal character of the Indian Union.Basu, D.D. *Introduction to the Constitution of India*, LexisNexis As a permanent body that cannot be dissolved, the Rajya Sabha ensures continuity in governance and safeguards regional interests by offering a platform where state perspectives can be articulated on national legislation.Kashyap, Subhash C. *Our Parliament*, National Book Trust Its creation reflects the constitutional vision of balancing the unity of the nation w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deccan Chronicle
''Deccan Chronicle'' is an English-language daily newspaper based in Hyderabad, India. Founded in 1938, it was initially launched as a Weekly newspaper, weekly and later converted into a daily. The newspaper's name reflects its origins in the Deccan Plateau, Deccan region of India. ''Deccan Chronicle'' is owned by Samagrah Commercial Pvt Limited and published by Deccan Chronicle Holdings Limited (DCHL). ''Deccan Chronicle'' has historically been one of the largest and most influential English dailies in the region, with editions in Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Chennai, and Bangalore, Bengaluru. The newspaper's circulation peaked in the mid-2000s, making it one of India's top English newspapers. Despite facing financial challenges, including significant debt and the impact of digital media, ''Deccan Chronicle'' remains an important publication, primarily serving readers in the southern states of India. In addition to ''Deccan Chronicle'', DCHL also publishes ''Financial Chronicle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Consummation
The consummation of a marriage, or simply consummation, is the first officially credited act of sexual intercourse following marriage. In many traditions and statutes of civil or religious law, the definition usually refers to penile–vaginal penetration (i.e., heterosexual), and some religious doctrines hold an additional requirement prohibiting contraception. In this sense, "a marriage is consummated only if the conjugal act performed deposits semen in the vagina." The religious, cultural, or legal significance of consummation may arise from theories of marriage as having the purpose of producing legally recognized descendants of both partners, or of providing sanction to their sexual acts together, or both, and its absence may amount to treating a '' marriage ceremony'' as falling short of ''completing'' the state of being married, or as creating a marriage which may later be repudiated. Thus, in some legal systems, a marriage may be annulled if it has not been consumma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saptapadi
Saptapadi () or ''saat phere'' (), is regarded to be the most important rite (Sanskrit: ) of a Hindu wedding ceremony. In this rite, the bride and the groom tie a knot and take seven steps together, or complete seven rounds around a sacred fire, accompanied by one vow for each step. After the seventh, the marriage is considered complete. Description The saptapadi is an ancient ritual that dates back to the Vedic period. The circumambulation of the sacred altar of fire is a rite that is performed differently in various regions of South Asia. In some regions, the couple walks around the altar seven times. In other regions, the couple takes seven steps to complete a single circumambulation. Each of the seven has a different meaning. At each step or circuit, the couple may also take vows. Vows made in the presence of the sacred fire are considered unbreakable, with Agnideva held as both witnessing and blessing the couple's union. Vows In southern and western India, the se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
J Duncan M Derrett
John Duncan Martin Derrett (30 August 1922 – 21 October 2012) was Professor of Oriental Laws in the University of London, from 1965 to 1982, and afterwards Emeritus Professor. Derrett was educated at Emanuel School, London, Jesus College, Oxford and the School of Oriental and African Studies, London and was called to the bar by Gray's Inn in 1953. He is the author of a number of works on law and the history of systems of law, India, religion (particularly Christianity) and comparative religion, latterly particularly of comparisons of Christianity with Buddhism. Derrett has also translated works by others into English. Derrett appeared briefly in Dr Robert Beckford's television documentary ''The Hidden Story of Jesus'' (premiered on Channel 4 Channel 4 is a British free-to-air public broadcast television channel owned and operated by Channel Four Television Corporation. It is state-owned enterprise, publicly owned but, unlike the BBC, it receives no public funding and is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indian Penal Code
The Indian Penal Code (IPC) was the official criminal code of the Republic of India, inherited from British India after independence. It remained in force until it was repealed and replaced by the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) in December 2023, which came into effect on July 1, 2024. It was a comprehensive code intended to cover all substantive aspects of criminal law. The Code was drafted on the recommendations of the first Law Commission of India established in 1834 under the Charter Act 1833 under the chairmanship of Thomas Babington Macaulay. It came into force in the subcontinent during the British rule in 1862. However, it did not apply automatically in the Princely states, which had their own courts and legal systems until the 1940s. While in force, the IPC was amended several times and was supplemented by other criminal provisions. Despite promulgation of the BNS, litigation for all relevant offences committed before 1 July 2024 will continue to be registered under ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Special Marriage Act, 1954
The Special Marriage Act, 1954 is an act of the Parliament of India with provision for secular civil marriage (or "registered marriage") for people of India and all Indian nationals in foreign countries, irrelevant of the religion or faith followed (both for inter-religious couples and also for atheists and agnostics) by either party. The Act originated from a piece of legislation proposed during the late 19th century. Marriages solemnized under Special Marriage Act are not governed by personal laws and are considered to be secular. Background Henry Sumner Maine first introduced Act III of 1872, which would permit any dissenters to marry whomever they choose under a new civil marriage law. In the final wording, the law sought to legitimize marriages for those willing to renounce their profession of faith altogether ("I do not profess the Hindu, Christian, Jewish, etc. religion"). It can apply in inter-caste and inter-religion marriages. The Bill faced opposition from lo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Samskara (rite Of Passage)
Samskara (Sanskrit: संस्कार, IAST: , sometimes spelled ''samskara'') are sacraments in Hinduism and other Indian religions, described in ancient Sanskrit texts, as well as a concept in the karma theory of Indian philosophies. The word literally means "putting together, making perfect, getting ready, to prepare", or "a sacred or sanctifying ceremony" in ancient Sanskrit and Pali texts of India. In the context of karma theory, samskaras are dispositions, characters or behavioural traits that exist as default from birth or prepared and perfected by a person over one's lifetime, that exist as imprints on the subconscious according to various schools of Hindu philosophy such as the yoga (philosophy), Yoga school. These perfected or default imprints of karma within a person, influences that person's nature, response and states of mind.Stephen H. Phillips (2009), Yoga, Karma, and Rebirth: A Brief History and Philosophy, Columbia University Press, , Chapter 3 In another ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
