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Tarusa
Tarusa () is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, town and the administrative center of Tarussky District in Kaluga Oblast, Russia, located on the left bank of the Oka River, northeast of Kaluga, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: Etymology The name is from that of the Tarusa River, a tributary of the Oka; ''Tar-'' is a hydronym base characteristic of regions of ancient Baltic settlement. According to a popular belief, the name derives from Tarusa's geohistorical position as a border town to the adjoining realm of Lithuania situated on the bank of the Oka. Questions about travelers' whereabouts from the other bank were answered with the answer ''To—Rus!'', meaning "that is Russia," eventually becoming the name of the town. History Tarusa is known to have existed since 1246, when it was the capital of one of the Upper Oka Principalities—the Principality of Tarusa. The first ruler of this principality was Grand Duke Yury Mikhailovich, the son of Gran ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Principality Of Tarusa
The Principality of Tarusa () was a minor Russian principality in the 13th to 15th centuries. It was one of the Upper Oka principalities, with its center at Tarusa. It split into several appanages, which were later incorporated into the Grand Principality of Moscow. History The first prince of Tarusa is considered to be Yury Mikhailovich, the youngest son of Mikhail Vsevolodovich of Chernigov, who received Tarusa upon his father's death in 1246. According to genealogies from the early 16th century, Yury came to Tarusa and had five sons, with the eldest, Vsevolod, being given Tarusa. Subsequently, the principality was divided into several appanages, including Obolensk. By the 1350s, the princes of the Upper Oka principalities were likely dependent on Moscow. In 1392, Tarusa was annexed to Moscow. In a 1402 treaty with Ryazan, the grand prince of Moscow obliged the grand prince of Ryazan to make peace with the prince of Tarusa, who had belonged to Moscow. By the end of the 14t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anatoly Marchenko
Anatoly Tikhonovich Marchenko (, 23 January 1938 – 8 December 1986) was a Soviet dissident, author, and human rights campaigner, who became one of the first two recipients (along with Nelson Mandela) of the Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought of the European Parliament when it was awarded to him posthumously in 1988. Marchenko, originally an apolitical oil driller from a poor background, turned to writing and politics as a result of several episodes of incarceration starting in 1958, during which he began to associate with other dissidents., pg. 17, pg. 25 Marchenko gained international fame in 1969 through his book, ''My Testimony'', an autobiographical account written after his arrival in Moscow in 1966 about his then-recent sentences in Soviet labour camps and prisons., pg. 5 After limited circulation inside the Soviet Union as ''samizdat'', the book caused a sensation in the West after it revealed that the Soviet gulag system had continued after the death of Joseph Sta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tarussky District
Tarussky District () is an administrativeCharter of Kaluga Oblast and municipalLaw #369-OZ district (raion), one of the twenty-four in Kaluga Oblast, Russia. It is located in the east of the oblast. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the town of Tarusa Tarusa () is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, town and the administrative center of Tarussky District in Kaluga Oblast, Russia, located on the left bank of the Oka River, northeast of Kaluga, the administrative center of the oblast. .... Population: 15,680 ( 2002 Census); The population of Tarusa accounts for 59.7% of the district's total population. References Notes Sources * * {{Authority control Districts of Kaluga Oblast ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kaluga Oblast
Kaluga Oblast () is a federal subjects of Russia, federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the types of inhabited localities in Russia, city of Kaluga. The Russian Census (2021), 2021 Russian Census found a population of 1,069,904. Geography Kaluga Oblast lies in the central part of the East European Plain. The oblast's territory is located between the Central Russian Upland (with and average elevation of above and a maximum elevation of in the southeast), the Smolensk–Moscow Upland, and the Dnieper–Desna River, Desna watershed. Most of the oblast is occupied by plains, fields, and forests with diverse flora and fauna. The administrative center is located on the Baryatino-Sukhinichy plain. The western part of the oblast — located within the drift plain — is dominated by the Spas-Demensk ridge. To the south is an outwash plain that is part of the Bryansk-Zhizdra woodlands, with average elevation up to 200 m. From north to south, Kaluga ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Upper Oka Principalities
In Russian historiography the term Upper Oka Principalities () traditionally applies to about a dozen tiny and ephemeral polities situated along the upper course of the Oka River at the turn of the 14th and 15th centuries. They were reigned by the "upper princes", each of which descended from Mikhail Vsevolodovich of Chernigov (Grand Prince of Kiev c. 1236–1243). the areas of these former polities lie within the present-day territories of various federal subjects of Russia: the Tula Oblast, the Kaluga Oblast, the Oryol Oblast and the Bryansk Oblast. Following the Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus' of 1223–1240, the formerly prominent Olgovichi clan of the Principality of Chernigov gradually declined to a point where the descendants of Mikhail of Chernigov (died 1246) ruled dozens of quasi-sovereign entities. After 1350, as the principalities became wedged-in as buffer states between the ever-expanding Grand Duchy of Lithuania (established in 1236) to the west and the nascen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oka River
The Oka (, ; ) is a river in central Russia, the largest right tributary of the Volga. It flows through the regions of Oryol, Tula, Kaluga, Moscow, Ryazan, Vladimir and Nizhny Novgorod and is navigable over a large part of its total length, as far upstream as the town of Kaluga. Its length is and its catchment area .«Река Ока» Russian State Water Registry The Russian capital sits on one of the Oka's tributaries—the Moskva, from which the capital's name is thought to be derived. Name and history The Oka river was the homeland of the Easter ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Ginzburg
Alexander "Alik" Ilyich Ginzburg ( rus, Алекса́ндр Ильи́ч Ги́нзбург, p=ɐlʲɪkˈsandr ɨˈlʲjidʑ ˈɡʲinzbʊrk, a=Alyeksandr Il'yich Ginzburg.ru.vorb.oga; 21 November 1936 – 19 July 2002), was a Russian journalist, poet, human rights activist and dissident. Between 1961 and 1969 he was sentenced three times to labor camps. In 1979, Ginzburg was released and expelled to the United States, along with four other political prisoners (Eduard Kuznetsov (dissident), Eduard Kuznetsov, Dymshits–Kuznetsov hijacking affair, Mark Dymshits, Valentyn Moroz, Valentin Moroz, and Georgy Vins) and their families, as part of a prisoner exchange. Biography Ginzburg was born in Moscow to a Russian-Jewish family. He was relative (nephew) of Yevgenia Ginzburg and semi-orphan, Alexander Ginzburg. Ginzburg was educated in Moscow, and worked as a lathe operator and part time journalist after leaving school, then as an actor, but had to give up acting in 1959, after fallin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Larisa Bogoraz
Larisa Iosifovna Bogoraz (, full name: Larisa Iosifovna Bogoraz-Brukhman, Bogoraz was her father's last name, Brukhman her mother's, August 8, 1929 – April 6, 2004) was a Soviet dissidents, dissident in the Soviet Union. Biography Born in Kharkiv, at the time capital of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, Ukrainian SSR, to a family of Communist Party bureaucrats, she graduated as a linguist from the University of Kharkiv and in 1950, married her first husband, Yuli Daniel, a writer. Together, they moved to Moscow. Her marriage to Daniel would ultimately lead to her becoming involved in activism. In 1965, Yuli Daniel, Daniel and a friend of his, Andrei Sinyavsky, were arrested for a number of writings that they had had published overseas under pseudonyms (see Sinyavsky-Daniel trial). The trial of the two men was the beginning of a crackdown on dissent under General Secretary Leonid Brezhnev. They were both sent to terms in forced labor camps. After their detention, Bogo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gleb Yakunin
Gleb Pavlovich Yakunin (; 4 March 1936 – 25 December 2014) was a Russian priest and dissident, who fought for the principle of freedom of conscience in the Soviet Union. He was a member of the Moscow Helsinki Group, and was elected member of the Supreme Soviet of Russia and State Duma from 1990 to 1995. Biography Gleb Pavlovich Yakunin was born into a musical family. He studied biology at Irkutsk Agricultural Institute. He converted from atheism to Eastern Orthodox Christianity at the end of the 1950s, after coming into contact with Alexander Men, and graduated from the Moscow Theological Seminary of the Russian Orthodox Church in 1959. In August 1962 he was ordained a priest and was appointed to the parish church in the city of Dmitrov, near Moscow. Together with the priest Nikolai Eschliman, Yakunin wrote an open letter in 1965 to the Patriarch of Moscow, Alexius I, where he argued that the Church must be liberated from the total control of the Soviet state. The letter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pavel Litvinov
Pavel Mikhailovich Litvinov (; born 6 July 1940) is a Russian-born U.S. physicist, writer, teacher, Human rights movement in the Soviet Union, human rights activist and former Soviet dissidents, Soviet-era dissident. Biography The grandson of Ivy Low and Maxim Litvinov, Joseph Stalin's Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Soviet Union), foreign minister during the 1930s, Pavel Litvinov was raised amongst the Soviet Union, Soviet elite. As a schoolboy, he was devoted to the Cult of personality, cult of Stalin, and was tapped, unsuccessfully, by the KGB to report on his parents Flora and Misha Litvinov (a story that is related by the journalist David Remnick in his book ''Lenin's Tomb: The Last Days of the Soviet Empire, Lenin's Tomb''). After the Death and state funeral of Joseph Stalin, death of Joseph Stalin in 1953 and the return of family friends from the labour camps, Pavel grew disillusioned with the Soviet system. He had a short-lived marriage when he was seventeen. In his twenties ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
