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TO-3 Mounting
In electronics, TO-3 is a designation for a standardized metal semiconductor package used for power semiconductors, including transistors, silicon controlled rectifiers, and, integrated circuits. ''TO'' stands for "Transistor Outline" and relates to a series of technical drawings produced by JEDEC. The TO-3 case has a flat surface which can be attached to a heatsink, normally via a thermally conductive but electrically insulating washer. The design originated at Motorola around 1955 from a group headed by Dr. Virgil E. Bottom. who was director of research of the Motorola Semiconductor Division. The first use of this design was for the germanium alloy-junction power transistor 2N176 – the first power transistor to be put into quantity production. The lead spacing was originally intended to allow plugging the device into a then-common tube socket. Typical applications The metal package can be attached to a heat sink, making it suitable for devices dissipating several watts of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Darlington Transistor MJ1000
Darlington is a market town in the Borough of Darlington, County Durham, England. The River Skerne flows through the town; it is a tributary of the River Tees. The Tees itself flows south of the town. In the 19th century, Darlington underwent substantial industrial development, spurred by the establishment there of the world's first permanent steam-locomotive-powered passenger railway: the Stockton and Darlington Railway. Much of the vision (and financing) behind the railway's creation was provided by local Quaker families in the Georgian and Victorian eras. In the 2011 Census, the town had a population of 92,363 (the county's largest settlement by population) which had increased by the 2020 estimate population to 93,417. The borough's population was 105,564 in the census, It is a unitary authority and is a constituent member of the Tees Valley Combined Authority therefore part of the Tees Valley mayoralty. History Darnton Darlington started as an Anglo-Saxon settlement. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rosstandart
Federal Technical Regulation and Metrology Agency (Rosstandart) (russian: Федеральное агентство по техническому регулированию и метрологии (Росстандарт)) is the Russian federal government agency that serves as a national standardization body of the Russian Federation. It was previously known as Gosstandart. It is subordinated to the Ministry of Industry and Trade. History On September 15, 1925, by a resolution of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR, an all-Union body in the field of standardization was created, the Committee for Standardization under the Council of Labor and Defense (Gosstandart). The introduction of state management of standardization in the country served as the beginning of systematic work in all sectors of the economy. On May 7, 1926, the first all-Union standard was approved - OST 1 “Wheat. Breeding grades of grain. Nomenclature". In 1946, the International Organization for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
GOST
GOST (russian: ГОСТ) refers to a set of international technical standards maintained by the ''Euro-Asian Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification (EASC)'', a regional standards organization operating under the auspices of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). All sorts of regulated standards are included, with examples ranging from charting rules for design documentation to recipes and nutritional facts of Soviet-era brand names. The latter have become generic, but may only be sold under the label if the technical standard is followed, or renamed if they are reformulated. The notion of GOST has certain significance and recognition in the countries of the standards' jurisdiction. The Russian government Federal Agency on Technical Regulating and Metrology ( Rosstandart) has ''gost.ru'' as its website address. History GOST standards were originally developed by the government of the Soviet Union as part of its national standardization strategy. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gosstandart
Gosstandart (russian: Госстандарт) was the Soviet government agency responsible for standardization, metrology, and quality management. The name is an abbreviation for ''Gosudarstvennyy standart'' (‘State Standard’). History Established in 1925 as a committee for standardization within the USSR Council of Labor and Defence, ''Gosstandart'' was at first put in charge of inspecting measuring instruments used in industrial and agricultural production and later was tasked with developing, updating, and disseminating GOST standards. Over the course of its existence, the agency was reformed a number of times, receiving a new name with each transformation: the ''National Committee for Standardization''; the ''Committee for Standards, Metrology, and Measuring Instruments''; the ''State Committee for Standards''; the ''State Committee for Standards and Product Quality Management''. The agency received its nickname, ''Gosstandart'', in 1970. Later years After the dissolu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British Standards
British Standards (BS) are the standards produced by the BSI Group which is incorporated under a royal charter and which is formally designated as the national standards body (NSB) for the UK. The BSI Group produces British Standards under the authority of the charter, which lays down as one of the BSI's objectives to: Formally, as stated in a 2002 memorandum of understanding between the BSI and the United Kingdom Government, British Standards are defined as: Products and services which BSI certifies as having met the requirements of specific standards within designated schemes are awarded the Kitemark. History BSI Group began in 1901 as the ''Engineering Standards Committee'', led by James Mansergh, to standardize the number and type of steel sections, in order to make British manufacturers more efficient and competitive. Over time the standards developed to cover many aspects of tangible engineering, and then engineering methodologies including quality systems, safety ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
JEITA
The is a Japanese trade organization for the electronics and IT industries. It was formed in 2000 from two earlier organizations, the Electronic Industries Association of Japan and the Japan Electronic Industries Development Association. History In 1979, Minato Communications Association Co., Ltd. has first appeared in Minato, Tokyo, Japan. In 2000, Minato Communications Association Co., Ltd. was Re-branded into Japan Electronics and Information Technology Industries Association. See also * JIS semiconductor designation * Design rule for Camera File system Design rule for Camera File system (DCF) is a JEITA specification (number CP-3461) which defines a file system for digital cameras, including the directory structure, file naming method, character set, file format, and metadata format. It is cur ... * Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting * EIAJ DC coaxial power connector standards External links JEITA Electronics industry in Japan Trade associations based in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
EIAJ
Founded in 1948, the Electronic Industries Association of Japan (EIAJ) was one of two Japanese electronics trade organizations that were merged into the Japan Electronics and Information Technology Industries Association (JEITA). Prior to the merger, EIAJ created a number of electronics industry standards that have had some use outside Japan, including: *The EIAJ connectors used for DC power (EIAJ RC-5320A, EIAJ RC-5321, and EIAJ RC-5322 *The D-Terminal connector (RC-5237), used instead of three RCA plugs for component video connections. *The TOSLINK (EIAJ Optical, RC-5720C) optical S/PDIF audio connector. *The EIAJ-1 videotape format, the first standardized format for industrial/non-broadcast video tape recording, released in 1969. Another standard is the multi-channel TV sound system used with the NTSC-J analog TV system. It is often referred to simply as EIAJ, or sometimes as FM-FM audio. Transistor nomenclature The Japanese technical standard JIS-C-7102 provides a meth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pro Electron
Pro Electron or EECA is the European type designation and registration system for active components (such as semiconductors, liquid crystal displays, sensor devices, electronic tubes and cathode ray tubes). Pro Electron was set up in 1966 in Brussels, Belgium. In 1983 it was merged with the European Electronic Component Manufacturers Association (EECA) and since then operates as an agency of the EECA. The goal of Pro Electron is to allow unambiguous identification of electronic parts, even when made by several different manufacturers. To this end, manufacturers register new devices with the agency and receive new type designators for them. Designation system Examples of Pro Electron type designators are: * AD162 – Germanium power transistor for audio frequency use * BY133 – Silicon rectifier * BZY88C5V1 – Silicon 5.1 volt Zener diode * CQY97 – light emitting diode * ECC83 – 6.3 volt heater noval dual triode * A63EAA00XX01 – Color TV p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Electrotechnical Commission
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC; in French: ''Commission électrotechnique internationale'') is an international standards organization that prepares and publishes international standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies – collectively known as " electrotechnology". IEC standards cover a vast range of technologies from power generation, transmission and distribution to home appliances and office equipment, semiconductors, fibre optics, batteries, solar energy, nanotechnology and marine energy as well as many others. The IEC also manages four global conformity assessment systems that certify whether equipment, system or components conform to its international standards. All electrotechnologies are covered by IEC Standards, including energy production and distribution, electronics, magnetics and electromagnetics, electroacoustics, multimedia, telecommunication and medical technology, as well as associated general disciplines such ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Printed Circuit Board
A printed circuit board (PCB; also printed wiring board or PWB) is a medium used in electrical and electronic engineering to connect electronic components to one another in a controlled manner. It takes the form of a laminated sandwich structure of conductive and insulating layers: each of the conductive layers is designed with an artwork pattern of traces, planes and other features (similar to wires on a flat surface) etched from one or more sheet layers of copper laminated onto and/or between sheet layers of a non-conductive substrate. Electrical components may be fixed to conductive pads on the outer layers in the shape designed to accept the component's terminals, generally by means of soldering, to both electrically connect and mechanically fasten them to it. Another manufacturing process adds vias: plated-through holes that allow interconnections between layers. Printed circuit boards are used in nearly all electronic products. Alternatives to PCBs include wire ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Point-to-point Construction
Point-to-point construction is a non-automated method of construction of electronics circuits widely used before the use of printed circuit boards (PCBs) and automated assembly gradually became widespread following their introduction in the 1950s. Circuits using thermionic valves (vacuum tubes) were relatively large, relatively simple (the number of large, hot, expensive devices which needed replacing was minimised), and used large sockets, all of which made the PCB less obviously advantageous than with later complex semiconductor circuits. Point-to-point construction is still widespread in power electronics where components are bulky and serviceability is a consideration, and to construct prototype equipment with few or heavy electronic components. A common practice, especially in older point-to-point construction, is to use the leads of components such as resistors and capacitors to bridge as much of the distance between connections as possible, reducing the need to add addit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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