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Shahpuri
Shahpuri is a Punjabi dialect spoken in the Sargodha Division of Punjab Province in Pakistan. Grierson considered it to be representative of Lahnda (Western Punjabi), but later opinions have tended to see it as a dialect of Punjabi that is transitional to Saraiki. Its name is derived from former Shahpur District (now Shahpur Tehsil, part of Sargodha District). Geographic distribution and classification It is mostly spoken in Sargodha District and Khushab District. It is also spoken in the neighbouring districts of Mianwali, Jhang, Chiniot, Mandi Bahauddin, and Bhakkar. It is mainly spoken on western end of Sindh River to Chenab River, traversing the Jhelum River. This entire area has almost the same traditions, customs and culture. The Shahpuri dialect of Punjabi has several aspects that set it apart from other Punjabi and Lahnda variants as it is an intermediary variety between Lahnda and Punjabi Jatki language is a common name for the Jhangvi dialect, Shahpuri dialec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Punjabi Dialect
The Punjabi dialects and languages or Punjabic are a series of dialects and languages spoken in the Punjab region of Pakistan and India with varying degrees of official recognition. They have sometimes been referred to as ''Greater Punjabi''. The literary languages that have developed on the basis of dialects of this area are Standard Punjabi in eastern and central Punjab, Saraiki in the southwest, and Hindko and Pahari-Pothwari in the north and north-west. A distinction is usually made between Punjabi in the east and the diverse group of " Lahnda" in the west. "Lahnda" typically subsumes the Saraiki and Hindko varieties, with Jhangvi and Shahpuri intermediate between the two groups. Commonly recognised Eastern Punjabi dialects include Majhi (the standard), Doabi, Malwai, and Puadhi. The "Lahnda" variety of Khetrani in the far west may be intermediate between Saraiki and Sindhi. The varieties of "Greater Punjabi" have a number of characteristics in common, for examp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Punjabi Dialects
The Punjabi dialects and languages or Punjabic are a series of dialects and languages spoken in the Punjab region of Pakistan and India with varying degrees of official recognition. They have sometimes been referred to as ''Greater Punjabi''. The literary languages that have developed on the basis of dialects of this area are Standard Punjabi in eastern and central Punjab, Saraiki in the southwest, and Hindko and Pahari-Pothwari in the north and north-west. A distinction is usually made between Punjabi in the east and the diverse group of " Lahnda" in the west. "Lahnda" typically subsumes the Saraiki and Hindko varieties, with Jhangvi and Shahpuri intermediate between the two groups. Commonly recognised Eastern Punjabi dialects include Majhi (the standard), Doabi, Malwai, and Puadhi. The "Lahnda" variety of Khetrani in the far west may be intermediate between Saraiki and Sindhi. The varieties of "Greater Punjabi" have a number of characteristics in common, for examp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dhani Dialect
Dhani, or Dhanni, is a group of Western Punjabi dialects spoken in parts of Rawalpindi Division (Pothohar) of Pakistani Punjab. They are spoken throughout a widespread area, including Chakwal and Jhelum Districts, as well as in neighbouring Attock District. Its name is derived from Dhan valley where its spoken. The closely related dialect Sohāī̃ is spoken in the Fateh Jang Tehsil of Attock District. Classification In the 1920s G.A. Grierson in his '' Linguistic Survey of India'' called this group North-Western Lahnda. Jatki language is a common name for the Jhangvi dialect, Shahpuri dialect and Dhani dialect. The glotlog codes for these are: * shah1266 * jatk1238 * jang1253 * dhan1272 Dialect speaking areas Chakwal district of Punjab Province of Pakistan and neighboring districts speak this dialect. * Chakwal District *Choa Saidanshah *Jhelum District (in southern parts) *Attock District Attock District (Urdu and pnb, ) is a district in Pothohar Plateau of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saraiki Language
Saraiki ( '; also spelt Siraiki, or Seraiki) is an Indo-Aryan language of the Lahnda group, spoken by 26 million people primarily in the south-western half of the province of Punjab in Pakistan. It was previously known as Multani, after its main dialect. Saraiki has partial mutual intelligibility with Standard Punjabi, and it shares with it a large portion of its vocabulary and morphology. At the same time in its phonology it is radically different (particularly in the lack of tones, the preservation of the voiced aspirates and the development of implosive consonants), and has important grammatical features in common with the Sindhi language spoken to the south. The Saraiki language identity arose in the 1960s, encompassing more narrow local earlier identities (like Multani, Derawi or Riasati), and distinguishing itself from broader ones like that of Punjabi. Name The present extent of the meaning of ' is a recent development, and the term most probably gained its cur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thali Dialect
Thaḷī is a Lahnda dialect spoken in parts of the Pakistani provinces of Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. It has a widespread area, starting from Tank to Muzzafargarh on the eastern end of the Indus River and from Bannu running down to D I khan at the western end of the Indus River. It is classified as a northern dialect of Saraiki, although it has also been described as transitional between Shahpuri and the central Saraiki Multani dialect. Its name derives from the Thal Desert. Thali is one of several Saraiki dialects that are commonly known as ''Jaṭkī''. It is spoken in Khushab District and parts of the former Shahpur District where it is known as ''Thaḷī''. Its local name in Jhang District is ''Thaḷochṛī''. In Dera Ismail Khan District it goes by the name of ''Ḍerāwāl'' or '' Derawali'', and in Mianwali and Bannu districts it is known as ''Hindko'' or ''Mulkī''. A dialect of Thali spoken in the northeast is known as ''Kacchī''. Inhabitants of Dera Ismail ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jhangvi Dialect
Jhangli (), Jangli () or Rachnavi () is an Indo-Aryan dialect spoken in Punjab. It is intermediate between Standard Punjabi and Saraiki. Its name is derived from the Pakistani city of Jhang. It is spoken throughout a widespread area, starting from Khanewal to Jhang District at either end of Ravi and Chenab. The term does not include the whole area of Punjab. As such it can be considered a subdialect of Jatki. Native people mostly use Jungli for their dialect. Jangli dialect is spoken by Indigenous people of Jhang, Tandlianwala, Kamalia,some areas of Chiniot, and some areas of Sahiwal district Jangli's sound inventory includes implosive consonants, but unlike in Saraiki these do not have phonemic status, as they do not contrast with plain voiced consonants. The implosives are more common than in Saraiki, and their set contains the unusual for the area dental implosive (), which contrasts with the regular retroflex implosive . Jatki language is a common name for the J ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jatki Language
Jatki, Jadgali, and other related terms have sometimes been used to refer to one or another of the Indo-Aryan languages spoken in Balochistan and neighbouring parts of Sindh and Punjab. These terms have their origin in the association (real or perceived) between speakers of those languages and either the Jats or, more broadly, other settled agriculturalist communities. *Jatki was used in 19th-century British sources for what would later be called Saraiki, as well as for Khetrani. ''Jaṭkī'' is also attested in local use in Balochistan as a name for these two languages as well as for Sindhi. Jataki was used by 19th-century British writer Richard Francis Burton for a variety of the Saraiki language. * Jakati is a possibly spurious name used in the Ethnologue encyclopedia for either a Romani variety of Ukraine, or for the Inku language of Afghanistan. * Jaḍgālī () is the common name for the Jadgali language spoken in Iranian Balochistan and western parts of Pakistani Ba ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chiniot District
Chiniot District (Punjabi and ur, ), became the 36th district of the Punjab province of Pakistan in February 2009. Before this, it was a tehsil of Jhang District. History Chiniot region was an agricultural region with forests during the Indus Valley civilization. The Vedic period is characterized by Indo-Aryan culture that migrated from Central Asia and settled in Punjab region. The Kambojas, Daradas, Kaikayas, Madras, Pauravas, Yaudheyas, Malavas and Kurus invaded, settled and ruled ancient Punjab region. After overrunning the Achaemenid Empire in 331 BCE, Alexander marched into present-day Punjab region with an army of 50,000. The Chiniot region was ruled by Maurya Empire, Indo-Greek kingdom, Kushan Empire, Gupta Empire, White Huns, Kushano-Hephthalites and Shahi kingdoms. In 997 CE, Sultan Mahmud Ghaznavi, took over the Ghaznavid dynasty empire established by his father, Sultan Sebuktegin. In 1005, he conquered the Shahis in Kabul in 1005, and followed it by the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Standard Punjabi
Punjabi (; ; , ), sometimes spelled Panjabi, is an Indo-Aryan language of the Punjab region of Pakistan and India. It has approximately 113 million native speakers. Punjabi is the most widely-spoken first language in Pakistan, with 80.5 million native speakers as per the 2017 census, and the 11th most widely-spoken in India, with 31.1 million native speakers, as per the 2011 census. The language is spoken among a significant overseas diaspora, particularly in Canada, the United States, and the United Kingdom. In Pakistan, Punjabi is written using the Shahmukhi alphabet, based on the Perso-Arabic script; in India, it is written using the Gurmukhi alphabet, based on the Indic scripts. Punjabi is unusual among the Indo-Aryan languages and the broader Indo-European language family in its usage of lexical tone. History Etymology The word ''Punjabi'' (sometimes spelled ''Panjabi'') has been derived from the word ''Panj-āb'', Persian for 'Five Waters', referring to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dialects Of Punjabi
The term dialect (from Latin , , from the Ancient Greek word , 'discourse', from , 'through' and , 'I speak') can refer to either of two distinctly different types of linguistic phenomena: One usage refers to a variety of a language that is a characteristic of a particular group of the language's speakers. Under this definition, the dialects or varieties of a particular language are closely related and, despite their differences, are most often largely mutually intelligible, especially if close to one another on the dialect continuum. The term is applied most often to regional speech patterns, but a dialect may also be defined by other factors, such as social class or ethnicity. A dialect that is associated with a particular social class can be termed a sociolect, a dialect that is associated with a particular ethnic group can be termed an ethnolect, and a geographical/regional dialect may be termed a regiolectWolfram, Walt and Schilling, Natalie. 2016. ''American English: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Languages And Dialects Of Lahnda
Language is a structured system of communication. The structure of a language is its grammar and the free components are its vocabulary. Languages are the primary means by which humans communicate, and may be conveyed through a variety of methods, including spoken, sign, and written language. Many languages, including the most widely-spoken ones, have writing systems that enable sounds or signs to be recorded for later reactivation. Human language is highly variable between cultures and across time. Human languages have the properties of productivity and displacement, and rely on social convention and learning. Estimates of the number of human languages in the world vary between and . Precise estimates depend on an arbitrary distinction (dichotomy) established between languages and dialects. Natural languages are spoken, signed, or both; however, any language can be encoded into secondary media using auditory, visual, or tactile stimuli – for example, writing, whi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jhelum River
The Jhelum River (/dʒʰeːləm/) is a river in the northern Indian subcontinent. It originates at Verinag and flows through the Indian administered territory of Jammu and Kashmir, to the Pakistani-administered territory of Kashmir, and then into the Pakistani province of Punjab. It is the westernmost of the five rivers of the Punjab region, and flows through the Kashmir Valley. It is a tributary of the Chenab River and has a total length of about . Etymology Anjum Sultan Shahbaz, a Pakistani author, recorded some stories of the name Jhelum in his book ''Tareekh-e-Jhelum'' as:''Many writers have different opinions about the name of Jhelum. One suggestion is that in ancient days Jhelumabad was known as Jalham. The word Jhelum is reportedly derived from the words Jal (pure water) and Ham (snow). The name thus refers to the waters of a river (flowing beside the city) which have their origins in the snow-capped Himalayas.''However, some writers believe that when Mughal princ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
