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Séminaire Nicolas Bourbaki (1970–1979)
The (from French: Bourbaki Seminar) is a series of seminars (in fact public lectures with printed notes distributed) that has been held in Paris since 1948. It is one of the major institutions of contemporary mathematics, and a barometer of mathematical achievement, fashion, and reputation. It is named after Nicolas Bourbaki, a pseudonymous group of French and other mathematicians of variable membership. The Poincaré Seminars are a series of talks on physics inspired by the Bourbaki seminars on mathematics. 1948/49 series # Henri Cartan, Les travaux de Koszul, I (Lie algebra cohomology) # Claude Chabauty, Le théorème de Minkowski-Hlawka ( Minkowski-Hlawka theorem) # Claude Chevalley, L'hypothèse de Riemann pour les corps de fonctions algébriques de caractéristique p, I, d'après Weil (local zeta-function) # Roger Godement, Groupe complexe unimodulaire, I : Les représentations unitaires irréductibles du groupe complexe unimodulaire, d'après Gelfand et Neumark (rep ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Language
French ( or ) is a Romance languages, Romance language of the Indo-European languages, Indo-European family. Like all other Romance languages, it descended from the Vulgar Latin of the Roman Empire. French evolved from Northern Old Gallo-Romance, a descendant of the Latin spoken in Northern Gaul. Its closest relatives are the other langues d'oïl—languages historically spoken in northern France and in southern Belgium, which French (Francien language, Francien) largely supplanted. It was also substratum (linguistics), influenced by native Celtic languages of Northern Roman Gaul and by the Germanic languages, Germanic Frankish language of the post-Roman Franks, Frankish invaders. As a result of French and Belgian colonialism from the 16th century onward, it was introduced to new territories in the Americas, Africa, and Asia, and numerous French-based creole languages, most notably Haitian Creole, were established. A French-speaking person or nation may be referred to as Fra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pierre Samuel
Pierre Samuel (12 September 1921 – 23 August 2009) was a French mathematician, known for his work in commutative algebra and its applications to algebraic geometry. The two-volume work ''Commutative Algebra'' that he wrote with Oscar Zariski is a classic. Other books of his covered projective geometry and algebraic number theory. Early life and education Samuel studied at the Lycée Janson-de-Sailly in Paris before attending the École Normale Supérieure where he studied for his Agrégé de mathematique. He received his Master of Arts and then a Ph.D. from Princeton University in 1947, under the supervision of Oscar Zariski, with a thesis "Ultrafilters and Compactification of Uniform Spaces". Career Samuel ran a Paris seminar during the 1960s, and became Professeur émérite at the Université Paris-Sud (Orsay). His lectures on unique factorization domains published by the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research played a significant role in computing the Picard group of a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Algebraic Geometry
Algebraic geometry is a branch of mathematics which uses abstract algebraic techniques, mainly from commutative algebra, to solve geometry, geometrical problems. Classically, it studies zero of a function, zeros of multivariate polynomials; the modern approach generalizes this in a few different aspects. The fundamental objects of study in algebraic geometry are algebraic variety, algebraic varieties, which are geometric manifestations of solution set, solutions of systems of polynomial equations. Examples of the most studied classes of algebraic varieties are line (geometry), lines, circles, parabolas, ellipses, hyperbolas, cubic curves like elliptic curves, and quartic curves like lemniscate of Bernoulli, lemniscates and Cassini ovals. These are plane algebraic curves. A point of the plane lies on an algebraic curve if its coordinates satisfy a given polynomial equation. Basic questions involve the study of points of special interest like singular point of a curve, singular p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean Dieudonné
Jean Alexandre Eugène Dieudonné (; 1 July 1906 – 29 November 1992) was a French mathematician, notable for research in abstract algebra, algebraic geometry, and functional analysis, for close involvement with the Nicolas Bourbaki pseudonymous group and the ''Éléments de géométrie algébrique'' project of Alexander Grothendieck, and as a historian of mathematics, particularly in the fields of functional analysis and algebraic topology. His work on the classical groups (the book ''La Géométrie des groupes classiques'' was published in 1955), and on formal groups, introducing what now are called Dieudonné modules, had a major effect on those fields. He was born and brought up in Lille, with a formative stay in England where he was introduced to algebra. In 1924 he was admitted to the École Normale Supérieure, where André Weil was a classmate. He began working in complex analysis. In 1934 he was one of the group of ''normaliens'' convened by Weil, which would become ' B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Differential Galois Theory
In mathematics, differential Galois theory is the field that studies extensions of differential fields. Whereas algebraic Galois theory studies extensions of field (mathematics), algebraic fields, differential Galois theory studies extensions of differential fields, i.e. fields that are equipped with a derivation (abstract algebra), derivation, ''D''. Much of the theory of differential Galois theory is parallel to algebraic Galois theory. One difference between the two constructions is that the Galois groups in differential Galois theory tend to be matrix Lie groups, as compared with the finite groups often encountered in algebraic Galois theory. Motivation and basic concepts In mathematics, some types of elementary functions cannot express the indefinite integrals of other elementary functions. A well-known example is e^, whose indefinite integral is the error function \operatornamex, familiar in statistics. Other examples include the sinc function \tfrac and x^x. It's import ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
André Blanchard
André — sometimes transliterated as Andre — is the French and Portuguese form of the name Andrew and is now also used in the English-speaking world. It used in France, Quebec, Canada and other French-speaking countries, as well in Portugal, Brazil and other Portuguese-speaking countries. It is a variation of the Greek name ''Andreas'', a short form of any of various compound names derived from ''andr-'' 'man, warrior'. The name is popular in Norway and Sweden. Cognate names Cognate names are: * Bulgarian: Andrei, |
Theta Function
In mathematics, theta functions are special functions of several complex variables. They show up in many topics, including Abelian varieties, moduli spaces, quadratic forms, and solitons. Theta functions are parametrized by points in a tube domain inside a complex Lagrangian Grassmannian, namely the Siegel upper half space. The most common form of theta function is that occurring in the theory of elliptic functions. With respect to one of the complex variables (conventionally called ), a theta function has a property expressing its behavior with respect to the addition of a period of the associated elliptic functions, making it a quasiperiodic function. In the abstract theory this quasiperiodicity comes from the cohomology class of a line bundle on a complex torus, a condition of descent. One interpretation of theta functions when dealing with the heat equation is that "a theta function is a special function that describes the evolution of temperature on a segment do ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
André Weil
André Weil (; ; 6 May 1906 – 6 August 1998) was a French mathematician, known for his foundational work in number theory and algebraic geometry. He was one of the most influential mathematicians of the twentieth century. His influence is due both to his original contributions to a remarkably broad spectrum of mathematical theories, and to the mark he left on mathematical practice and style, through some of his own works as well as through the Bourbaki group, of which he was one of the principal founders. Life André Weil was born in Paris to agnostic Alsatian Jewish parents who fled the annexation of Alsace-Lorraine by the German Empire after the Franco-Prussian War in 1870–71. Simone Weil, who would later become a famous philosopher, was Weil's younger sister and only sibling. He studied in Paris, Rome and Göttingen and received his doctorate in 1928. While in Germany, Weil befriended Carl Ludwig Siegel. Starting in 1930, he spent two academic years at Aligarh Mu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marc Krasner
Marc Krasner (1912 – 13 May 1985, in Paris) was a Russian-born French mathematician, who worked on algebraic number theory. Biography Krasner emigrated from the Soviet Union to France and received in 1935 his PhD from the University of Paris under Jacques Hadamard with thesis ''Sur la théorie de la ramification des idéaux de corps non-galoisiens de nombres algébriques''. From 1937 to 1960 he was a scientist at CNRS and from 1960 professor at the University of Clermont-Ferrand. From 1965 he was a professor at the University of Paris VI (Pierre et Marie Curie), where he retired in 1980 as professor emeritus. Krasner did research on p-adic analysis. In 1944 he introduced the concept of ultrametric spaces,''Nombres semi-réels et espaces ultramétriques'', Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences, Tome II, vol. 219, p. 433 to which p-adic numbers belong. In 1951, alongside Lev Kaluznin, he proved the Krasner-Kaloujnine universal embedding theorem, which states that every exten ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Partial Differential Equation
In mathematics, a partial differential equation (PDE) is an equation which involves a multivariable function and one or more of its partial derivatives. The function is often thought of as an "unknown" that solves the equation, similar to how is thought of as an unknown number solving, e.g., an algebraic equation like . However, it is usually impossible to write down explicit formulae for solutions of partial differential equations. There is correspondingly a vast amount of modern mathematical and scientific research on methods to numerically approximate solutions of certain partial differential equations using computers. Partial differential equations also occupy a large sector of pure mathematical research, in which the usual questions are, broadly speaking, on the identification of general qualitative features of solutions of various partial differential equations, such as existence, uniqueness, regularity and stability. Among the many open questions are the existence ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Laurent Schwartz
Laurent-Moïse Schwartz (; 5 March 1915 – 4 July 2002) was a French mathematician. He pioneered the theory of Distribution (mathematics), distributions, which gives a well-defined meaning to objects such as the Dirac delta function. He was awarded the Fields Medal in 1950 for his work on the theory of distributions. For several years he taught at the École polytechnique. Biography Family Laurent Schwartz came from a Jewish family of Alsace, Alsatian origin, with a strong scientific background: his father was a well-known surgeon, his uncle Robert Debré (who contributed to the creation of UNICEF) was a famous Pediatrics, pediatrician, and his great-uncle-in-law, Jacques Hadamard, was a famous mathematician. During his training at Lycée Louis-le-Grand to enter the École Normale Supérieure, he fell in love with Marie-Hélène Schwartz, Marie-Hélène Lévy, daughter of the probabilist Paul Lévy (mathematician), Paul Lévy who was then teaching at the École polytechniqu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Luc Gauthier
Joseph Marcel Luc Gauthier (born April 19, 1964) is a Canadian professional ice hockey scout and former player. He was born in Longueuil, Quebec. As a youth, he played in the 1975 and 1977 Quebec International Pee-Wee Hockey Tournaments with a minor ice hockey team from Longueuil. Gauthier played three games in the National Hockey League for the Montreal Canadiens The Montreal Canadiens (), officially ' ( Canadian Hockey Club) and colloquially known as the Habs, are a professional ice hockey team based in Montreal. The Canadiens compete in the National Hockey League (NHL) as a member of the Atlantic D ... during the 1990–91 season, and played most of his career, from 1985 to 1997, in the minor professional leagues. Career statistics Regular season and playoffs References External links * 1964 births Living people Canadian ice hockey defencemen Colorado Avalanche scouts Flint Generals (IHL) players Fredericton Canadiens players Ice hockey people from Longueui ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
