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Szécs (genus)
Szécs (''Seech'' or ''Scheech'') was the name of a ''gens'' (Latin for "clan"; ''nemzetség'' in Hungarian) in the Kingdom of Hungary. The kindred owned lands exclusively in Komárom and Esztergom Counties. As there is no such place name (Szécs) in this region, it is presumable the kindred took its name after their founder who perhaps lived at the turn of the 12th and 13th centuries. The kindred's ancient lands, Hetény (today Chotín in Slovakia), Födémes and Szőlős were still royal estates in the first half of the 13th century. Thus historian Krisztina Tóth considered the ancestor(s) of the Szécs clan belonged to the social status of royal servants who owned possession and was subordinate only to the king. For his service, they elevated to the nobility by the second half of the century. Notable members * Mikó II (fl. 1258–1305): son of Mikó I, Master of the horse (1291) * Paul (fl. 1286–1306): possibly son of Mikó I or Paul, he might be connected to the genus o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kingdom Of Hungary
The Kingdom of Hungary was a monarchy in Central Europe that existed for nearly a millennium, from 1000 to 1946 and was a key part of the Habsburg monarchy from 1526-1918. The Principality of Hungary emerged as a Christian kingdom upon the Coronation of the Hungarian monarch, coronation of the first king Stephen I of Hungary, Stephen I at Esztergom around the year 1000;Kristó Gyula – Barta János – Gergely Jenő: Magyarország története előidőktől 2000-ig (History of Hungary from the prehistory to 2000), Pannonica Kiadó, Budapest, 2002, , pp. 37, 113, 678 ("Magyarország a 12. század második felére jelentős európai tényezővé, középhatalommá vált."/"By the 12th century Hungary became an important European factor, became a middle power.", "A Nyugat részévé vált Magyarország.../Hungary became part of the West"), pp. 616–644 his family (the Árpád dynasty) led the monarchy for 300 years. By the 12th century, the kingdom became a European power. Du ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Komárno
Komárno (, , ), colloquially also called ''Révkomárom'', ''Öregkomárom'', ''Észak-Komárom'' in Hungarian language, Hungarian, is a town in Slovakia at the confluence of the Danube and the Váh rivers. Historically it was formed by the "old town" on the left bank of Danube, present day Komárno in Slovakia, and by a "new town" on the right bank, present day Komárom in Hungary, which were historically one administrative unit. Following World War I and the Treaty of Trianon, the border of the newly created Czechoslovakia cut the historical, unified town in half, creating two new independent towns in two countries. Komárno and Komárom are connected by the Elisabeth Bridge, which used to be an official border crossing between Slovakia and Hungary until border checks were lifted due to the Schengen Area rules. In 2020, a new road bridge was opened. Komárno is Slovakia's principal port on the Danube. It is also the center of the Hungarians in Slovakia, Hungarian community in S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles I Of Hungary
Charles I, also known as Charles Robert (; ; ; 128816 July 1342), was King of Hungary and Croatia in the union with Hungary, Croatia from 1308 to his death. He was a member of the Capetian House of Anjou and the only son of Charles Martel of Anjou, Charles Martel, Prince of Salerno. His father was the eldest son of Charles II of Naples and Mary of Hungary, Queen of Naples, Mary of Hungary. Mary laid claim to Hungary after her brother, Ladislaus IV of Hungary, died in 1290, but the Hungarian prelates and lords elected her cousin, Andrew III of Hungary, Andrew III, king. Instead of abandoning her claim to Hungary, she transferred it to her son, Charles Martel, and after his death in 1295, to her grandson, Charles. On the other hand, her husband, Charles II of Naples, made their third son, Robert the Wise, Robert, heir to the Kingdom of Naples, thus disinheriting Charles. Charles came to the Kingdom of Hungary upon the invitation of an influential Croatian lord, Paul I Šubić of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Matthew III Csák
Máté Csák or Matthew III Csák (between 1260 and 1265 – 18 March 1321; , ), also Máté Csák of Trencsén (, ), was a Hungarian oligarch who ruled ''de facto'' independently the north-western counties of Medieval Hungary (today roughly the western half of present-day Slovakia and parts of Northern Hungary). He held the offices of master of the horse ''(főlovászmester)'' (1293–1296), palatine ''(nádor)'' (1296–1297, 1302–1309) and master of the treasury ''(tárnokmester)'' (1309–1311). He was able to maintain his rule over his territories even after his defeat at the Battle of Rozgony against King Charles I of Hungary. In the 19th century, he was often described as a symbol of the struggle for independence in both the Hungarian and Slovak literatures. Early years He was a son of the Palatine Peter I Csák, a member of the Hungarian ''genus'' ("clan") Csák. Around 1283, Matthew and his brother, Csák, who later served as bearer of the sword (''kardhordó' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Győr County
Győr county (in Hungarian: ''Győr (vár)megye'') was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary, situated mostly on the right (south) side of the Danube river. Its territory is now part of Hungary, except seven villages on the left side of the Danube which belong to Slovakia. The capital of the county was the city of Győr. Geography Győr county shared borders with the counties Moson, Pozsony, Komárom, Veszprém and Sopron. The rivers Danube, and Rába run through the county. Its area was 1534 km2 around 1910. History The Győr comitatus arose as one of the first comitatus of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its southern part was conquered by the Ottoman Empire in 1543. The Ottoman Empire meant a constant threat to the Habsburg Kingdom of Hungary therefore the Habsburg kings divided the kingdom's remaining territory into captaincies. The Captaincy of Győr was located between lake Balaton and river Danube. In 1594, the Ottomans captured the city Győr, however ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ispán
The ispánRady 2000, p. 19.''Stephen Werbőczy: The Customary Law of the Renowned Kingdom of Hungary in Three Parts (1517)'', p. 450. or countEngel 2001, p. 40.Curta 2006, p. 355. (, , and ),Kirschbaum 2007, p. 315. deriving from title of župan, was the leader of a castle district (a fortress and the royal lands attached to it) in the Kingdom of Hungary from the early 11th century. Most of them were also heads of the basic administrative units of the kingdom, called County (Kingdom of Hungary), counties, and from the 13th century the latter function became dominant. The ''ispáns'' were appointed and dismissed by either the king of Hungary, monarchs or a high-ranking royal official responsible for the administration of a larger territorial unit within the kingdom. They fulfilled administrative, judicial and military functions in one or more counties. Heads of counties were often represented locally by their deputies, the vice-ispánsRady 2000, p. 41. (,Nemes 1989, p. 21. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nicholas Szécs
Nicholas from the kindred Szécs (), also known as Nicholas of Komárom (; died 1297) was a Hungarian nobleman, who acted as lord of Komárno, Komárom (today Komárno, Slovakia) together with his brother Paul Szécs, Paul since the 1280s. Career Historians György Györffy and Krisztina Tóth identified him with that certain Nicholas, son of Paul, who served as ''ispán'' of Győr County just before Paul Szécs. As Nicholas and Paul always appeared in contemporary records together since the 1280s, it is presumable that they were brothers (or at least cousins). According to an undated royal charter by Ladislaus IV of Hungary, Ladislaus IV, possibly around 1286, the King authorized Lodomer, Archbishop of Esztergom to Excommunication (Catholic Church), excommunicate Paul and Nicholas, if they would confiscate two-thirds part of the trade customs in Komárom which were entitled to the Bakonybél Abbey. That data confirmed they jointly owned Komárom Castle since the mid-1280s, possib ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andrew III Of Hungary
Andrew III the Venetian (, , ; – 14 January 1301) was King of Hungary and King of Croatia, Croatia between 1290 and 1301. His father, Stephen the Posthumous, was the posthumous son of Andrew II of Hungary although Stephen's older half brothers considered him a bastard. Andrew grew up in Venice, and first arrived in Hungary upon the invitation of a rebellious baron, Ivan Kőszegi, in 1278. Kőszegi tried to play Andrew off against Ladislaus IV of Hungary, but the conspiracy collapsed and Andrew returned to Venice. Being the last male member of the House of Árpád, Andrew was elected king after the death of King Ladislaus IV in 1290. He was the first Hungarian monarch to issue a coronation diploma confirming the privileges of the noblemen and the clergy. At least three pretenders—Albert I of Germany, Albert of Austria, Mary of Hungary, Queen of Naples, Mary of Hungary, and an adventurer—challenged his claim to the throne. Andrew expelled the adventurer from Hungary and forc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paul Szécs
Paul from the kindred Szécs (), also known as Paul of Komárom (; died 1306 or 1307), was a Hungarian nobleman and landowner who was lord of Komárom (present-day Komárno, Slovakia) from the 1280s. He came to prominence during the last regnal years of Andrew III of Hungary. Family relationships As a majority of contemporary sources style him simply as "Paul of Komárom", his kinship origin is uncertain and problematic. 19th-century historian and archivist Károly Ráth concatenated his career to the suppositional early political activity of Charles I of Hungary's influential baron Paul Nagymartoni, claiming that the two Pauls, ''ispán''s of Győr County at the end of the 13th century and the beginning of the 14th century were, in fact, the same person. Decades later, historian Mór Wertner considered Paul belonged to the ''gens'' Koppán, as this clan owned the majority of the estates in Komárom County. Historian Gyula Pauler was the first scholar who listed his person among ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mikó Szécs
Mikó (II) from the kindred Szécs (; died 1305 or 1306) was a Hungarian nobleman and courtier, who served as Master of the horse for a short time in 1291. He was a confidant of Lodomer, Archbishop of Esztergom. Land property and courtly career Mikó II was born into the ''gens'' Szécs as the son of Mikó I. Through maternal side, he was related to Sixtus, a canon of Esztergom and illustrious diplomat in the royal court of King Béla IV. Paul of Komárom referred to the late Mikó as his "''frater''" on 6 October 1306, which suggests they were brothers. However in medieval Latin terminology, the phrase "''frater''" also meant simply a (distant) "relative". Historian Krisztina Tóth argued Paul connected to the Szécs clan only from maternal side, as Mikó did not mention him in his last will and testament in 1305. He appeared first in contemporary sources in 1258, when Sixtus sold some part of his inherited land in Hetény (today Chotín in Slovakia) to his relative and neighb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Royal Servant (Kingdom Of Hungary)
A royal servant (, ) was a freeman in the Kingdom of Hungary in the 13th century who owned possession and was subordinate only to the king. The expression was documented for the first time in a charter issued in 1217. By the end of the 13th century, the use of the expression ceased, and the "royal servants" merged into the nobility of the kingdom and they formed the basis of the lesser nobility. In the 11-12th centuries, the ancestors of the "royal servants" can be found among the "freemen" who provided military services to the kings and whose troops were led by the kings and not by the heads of the " royal counties". "Castle warriors" also increased the number of "royal servants" if the king liberated them from the services they had been obliged to provide to the heads of the royal castles. Even serfs could receive their liberties provided that the king not only liberated them personally but also granted them possessions. The "royal servants'" freedom became endangered during the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
