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Summit Valley (San Bernardino County, California)
Summit Valley is a valley along SR 138 in the San Bernardino Mountains, east of Cajon Pass within San Bernardino County, California. Its mouth lies at an elevation of west of the source of the Mojave River, at the confluence of the West Fork Mojave River and Deep Creek (Mojave River), Deep Creek. The West Fork Mohave River descends from Silverwood Lake reservoir through the eastern part of Summit Valley to the confluence. The western half of Summit Valley narrows into what is called Horsethief Canyon, that reaches to the head of Summit Valley at , just east of the summit of Cajon Pass. References

{{coord, 34, 20, 17, N, 117, 16, 12, W, display=title Valleys of San Bernardino County, California San Bernardino Mountains ...
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Valley
A valley is an elongated low area often running between hills or mountains and typically containing a river or stream running from one end to the other. Most valleys are formed by erosion of the land surface by rivers or streams over a very long period. Some valleys are formed through erosion by glacial ice. These glaciers may remain present in valleys in high mountains or polar areas. At lower latitudes and altitudes, these glacially formed valleys may have been created or enlarged during ice ages but now are ice-free and occupied by streams or rivers. In desert areas, valleys may be entirely dry or carry a watercourse only rarely. In areas of limestone bedrock, dry valleys may also result from drainage now taking place underground rather than at the surface. Rift valleys arise principally from earth movements, rather than erosion. Many different types of valleys are described by geographers, using terms that may be global in use or else applied only locally ...
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SR 138
Highway 138 may refer to: Canada * Ontario Highway 138 * Prince Edward Island Route 138 * Quebec Route 138 Costa Rica * National Route 138 (Costa Rica), National Route 138 India * National Highway 138 (India) Japan * Japan National Route 138 * Fukuoka Prefectural Route 138 * Nara Prefectural Route 138 Malaysia * Malaysia Federal Route 138 United Kingdom * road *B138 road United States * U.S. Route 138 * Alabama State Route 138 * Arkansas Highway 138 * California State Route 138 * Connecticut Route 138 * Florida State Road 138 (former) ** County Road 138 (Columbia County, Florida) ** County Road 138 (Gilchrist County, Florida) ** County Road 138A (Lafayette County, Florida) ** County Road 138 (Pinellas County, Florida) * Georgia State Route 138 * Hawaii Route 138 * Illinois Route 138 * K-138 (Kansas highway) * Kentucky Route 138 * Louisiana Highway 138 * Maine State Route 138 * Maryland Route 138 * Massachusetts Route 138 * M-138 (Michigan highway) ...
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San Bernardino Mountains
The San Bernardino Mountains are a high and rugged mountain range in Southern California in the United States. Situated north and northeast of San Bernardino and spanning two California counties, the range tops out at at San Gorgonio Mountain – the tallest peak in Southern California. The San Bernardinos form a significant region of wilderness and are popular for hiking and skiing. The mountains were formed about eleven million years ago by tectonic activity along the San Andreas Fault, and are still actively rising. Many local rivers originate in the range, which receives significantly more precipitation than the surrounding desert. The range's unique and varying environment allows it to maintain some of the greatest biodiversity in the state. For over 10,000 years, the San Bernardinos and their surroundings have been inhabited by indigenous peoples, who used the mountains as a summer hunting ground. Spanish explorers first encountered the San Bernardinos in the late 18t ...
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Cajon Pass
Cajon Pass (; Spanish: ''Puerto del Cajón'' or ''Paso del Cajón'') is a mountain pass between the San Bernardino Mountains to the east and the San Gabriel Mountains to the west in Southern California. Created by the movements of the San Andreas Fault, it has an elevation of . Located in the Mojave Desert, the pass is an important link from the Greater San Bernardino Area to the Victor Valley, and northeast to Las Vegas. The Cajon Pass area is on the Pacific Crest Trail. Cajon Pass is at the head of Horsethief Canyon, traversed by California State Route 138 (SR 138) and railroad tracks owned by BNSF Railway and Union Pacific Railroad. Improvements in 1972 reduced the railroad's maximum elevation from about while reducing curvature. Interstate 15 does not traverse Cajon Pass, but rather the nearby Cajon Summit, , The entire area, Cajon Pass and Cajon Summit, is often referred to as Cajon Pass, but a distinction is made between Cajon Pass and Cajon Summit. In 1851, a gro ...
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San Bernardino County, California
San Bernardino County ( ), officially the County of San Bernardino and sometimes abbreviated as S.B. County, is a County (United States), county located in the Southern California, southern portion of the U.S. state of California, and is located within the Inland Empire area. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 2.18 million, making it the fifth-most populous county in California and the List of the most populous counties in the United States, 14th-most populous in the United States. The county seat is San Bernardino, California, San Bernardino. While included within the Greater Los Angeles area, San Bernardino County is included in the Riverside–San Bernardino–Ontario metropolitan statistical area. With an area of , San Bernardino County is the List of the largest counties in the United States by area, largest county in the contiguous United States by area, although some of List of boroughs and census areas in Alaska, Alaska's boroughs and census areas ...
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Mojave River
The Mojave River is an intermittent river in the eastern San Bernardino Mountains and the Mojave Desert in San Bernardino County, California, United States. Most of its flow is underground, while its surface channels remain dry most of the time, except for the headwaters and several bedrock gorges in the lower reaches. History A desert branch of the Serrano Native Americans called the '' Vanyume'' or ''Beñemé'', as Father Garcés called them, lived beyond and along much of the length of the Mojave River, from east of Barstow to at least the Victorville region, and perhaps even farther upstream to the south, for up to 8,000 years in a series of villages, including the major village of Wá'peat. The Mohave's trail, later the European immigrants' Mojave Road, ran west from their villages on the Colorado River to Soda Lake, then paralleled the river from its mouth on the lake to the Cajon Pass. Native Americans used this trade route where water could easily be found en ro ...
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Confluence
In geography, a confluence (also ''conflux'') occurs where two or more watercourses join to form a single channel (geography), channel. A confluence can occur in several configurations: at the point where a tributary joins a larger river (main stem); or where two streams meet to become the river source, source of a river of a new name (such as the confluence of the Monongahela River, Monongahela and Allegheny River, Allegheny rivers, forming the Ohio River); or where two separated channels of a river (forming a river island) rejoin downstream from their point of separation. Scientific study Confluences are studied in a variety of sciences. Hydrology studies the characteristic flow patterns of confluences and how they give rise to patterns of erosion, bars, and scour pools. The water flows and their consequences are often studied with mathematical models. Confluences are relevant to the distribution of living organisms (i.e., ecology) as well; "the general pattern [downstream o ...
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West Fork Mojave River
West Fork Mojave River is a tributary stream of the Mojave River in the San Bernardino Mountains of San Bernardino County, California. Its mouth lies at an elevation of at its confluence with Deep Creek, together the source of the Mojave River. The source of the West Fork is at at an elevation of 4,960 feet, on the north side of a saddle between summits on a ridge running west northwest of Sugarpine Mountain. Sawpit Canyon Creek and East Fork of West Fork Mojave River are its tributaries, both of which now feed into Silverwood Lake that was created when the West Fork was obstructed by the Cedar Springs Dam in 1971. History The Mohave Trail from the Colorado River crossed the Mojave Desert, then followed the Mojave River, and West Fork Mojave River up to Sawpit Canyon and up it to cross the San Bernardino Mountains at Monument Peak to the coastal plains of Southern California.Smith, Jedediah S., arrison G. Rogers and George R. Brooks (ed.). ''The Southwest Expedition of Je ...
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Deep Creek (Mojave River)
Deep Creek is a tributary of the Mojave River, long, in San Bernardino County, California. Course The source of Deep Creek is at an elevation of , at the head of Little Green Valley in the San Bernardino Mountains. It initially flows southwest, through the communities of Arrowbear and Running Springs, before turning north. It is joined by Hooks Creek from the west; a dam on Little Bear Creek, a tributary of Hooks Creek, forms Lake Arrowhead. A short distance downstream is Aztec Falls, a popular swimming area at a waterfall along Deep Creek. The creek continues north, at the bottom of a deep gorge through mountainous wilderness, receiving Holcomb Creek and Coxey Creek from the right before turning west, forming a canyon between the San Bernardino Mountains and Ord Mountains. The Deep Creek Hot Springs are located along the stream where it turns to the west. The Pacific Crest Trail follows the Deep Creek canyon for , from the confluence of Hooks Creek to the mouth. Deep Cree ...
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Silverwood Lake
Silverwood Lake is a large reservoir (water), reservoir in San Bernardino County, California, United States, located on the West Fork Mojave River, a tributary of the Mojave River in the San Bernardino Mountains. It was created in as part of the State Water Project by the construction of the Cedar Springs Dam as a forebay (reservoir), forebay on the long California Aqueduct (consequently inundating the former town of Cedar Springs) and has a capacity of . Specifications Silverwood Lake is located on the East Branch of the California Aqueduct. It is operated by the California Department of Water Resources and provides a major water source for agencies serving nearby San Bernardino Mountains, San Bernardino Mountain and Mojave Desert areas. Some of recreation land surround the lake. At an elevation of , Silverwood Lake is the highest reservoir in the California State Water Project, State Water Project. Silverwood Lake State Recreation Area The Silverwood Lake State Recreatio ...
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Horsethief Canyon
Horsethief Canyon, is a canyon comprising the upper part of the Summit Valley in San Bernardino County, California. Its head lies at at an elevation of 3,800 feet just east of the summit of Cajon Pass, and its mouth at an elevation of . California State Routes 138 and 173 pass through it. There is also a separate Horsethief Canyon in San Diego County, California, near Pine Valley, California and the Mexico–United States border. It is located in the Cleveland National Forest Cleveland National Forest is a National forest (United States), U.S. national forest in Southern California that encompasses 460,000 acres/ of inland Montane ecosystems, montane regions. It is approximately 60 miles from the Pacific Ocean, withi ..., in the Pine Creek Wilderness. References {{Authority control Valleys of San Bernardino County, California Cleveland National Forest ...
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Valleys Of San Bernardino County, California
A valley is an elongated low area often running between hills or mountains and typically containing a river or stream running from one end to the other. Most valleys are formed by erosion of the land surface by rivers or streams over a very long period. Some valleys are formed through erosion by glacial ice. These glaciers may remain present in valleys in high mountains or polar areas. At lower latitudes and altitudes, these glacially formed valleys may have been created or enlarged during ice ages but now are ice-free and occupied by streams or rivers. In desert areas, valleys may be entirely dry or carry a watercourse only rarely. In areas of limestone bedrock, dry valleys may also result from drainage now taking place underground rather than at the surface. Rift valleys arise principally from earth movements, rather than erosion. Many different types of valleys are described by geographers, using terms that may be global in use or else applied only locally. ...
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