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Sturgeon
Sturgeon (from Old English ultimately from Proto-Indo-European language, Proto-Indo-European *''str̥(Hx)yón''-) is the common name for the 27 species of fish belonging to the family Acipenseridae. The earliest sturgeon fossils date to the Late Cretaceous, and are descended from other, earlier Acipenseriformes, acipenseriform fish, which date back to the Early Jurassic period, some 174 to 201 million years ago. They are one of two living families of the Acipenseriformes alongside paddlefish (Polyodontidae). The family is grouped into five genera: ''Acipenser'', ''Huso'', ''Scaphirhynchus,'' ''Sinosturio'', and ''Pseudoscaphirhynchus''. Two species (''Adriatic sturgeon, H. naccarii'' and ''Dabry's sturgeon, S. dabryanus'') may be extinct in the wild, and one (''Syr Darya sturgeon, P. fedtschenkoi'') may be entirely extinct. Sturgeons are native to subtropical, temperate and sub-Arctic rivers, lakes and coastlines of Eurasia and North America. A Maastrichtian-age fossil found i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Atlantic Sturgeon
The Atlantic sturgeon (''Acipenser oxyrinchus'') is a large species of sturgeon native to both sides of the Atlantic Ocean, and associated river basins. It is a member of the family Acipenseridae, and, along with other sturgeon, it is sometimes considered a living fossil. The main range of the Atlantic sturgeon is in eastern North America, extending from New Brunswick, Canada, to the eastern coast of Florida, United States. A highly endangered Disjunct distribution, disjunct population occurs in the Baltic region of Europe (today only through a reintroduction project). The Atlantic sturgeon was in great abundance when the first European settlers came to North America, but has since declined due to overfishing, water pollution, and habitat impediments such as dams. It is considered threatened, endangered, and even locally extinct in many of its original habitats. The fish can reach 60 years of age, in length and over in weight. Taxonomy Alongside its relative the European se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adriatic Sturgeon
The Adriatic sturgeon (''Huso naccarii'') is a species of fish in the family Acipenseridae. It is native to the Adriatic Sea and large rivers which flow in it of Albania, Greece, Italy, Montenegro, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Slovenia. Prior to 2025, it was placed in the genus ''Acipenser'', but this placement was found to be paraphyletic, and it is more accurately placed in the genus ''Huso''. Description The Adriatic sturgeon reaches a maximum length exceeding ; the published maximum weight was , but large wild fish recently caught were evidently exceeding . Like other sturgeons it has an elongated body, heterocercal tail, partially cartilaginous skeleton, naked skin and longitudinal series of bony scutes on the body. The rostrum is tendentially conical and rather short (1/3 of the head), the head is broad and rounded at the apex, with a protractile mouth which lower lip is thin with a central cleft, and four barbels (circular section) which are closer to the tip o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Syr Darya Sturgeon
The Syr Darya sturgeon (''Pseudoscaphirhynchus fedtschenkoi''), or Syr Darya shovelnose sturgeon, is a species of fish in the family Acipenseridae. It is found in Kazakhstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan, where it is Endemism, endemic to the Syr Darya River and, before its drainage, the Aral Sea. Due to the loss of its breeding site and damming projects over the length of the river, it is currently considered Critically Endangered (Possibly Extinct), as no sightings have been reported since the 1960s. The sturgeon is among the 25 "most wanted lost" species that are the focus of Re:wild's "Search for Lost Species" initiative. Taxonomy The Syr Darya sturgeon belongs to the genus Pseudoscaphirhynchus, which is a genus of sturgeon that are restricted to the Aral Sea systems. A study of the mitochondrial DNA of the members of the genus conducted published in 2020 showed that the genus is monophyletic, and that the two other species in the genus are more closely related to each other th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acipenseriformes
Acipenseriformes is an order (biology), order of basal (phylogenetics), basal Actinopterygii, ray-finned fishes that includes living and fossil sturgeons and paddlefishes (Acipenseroidei), as well as the extinct family (biology), families Chondrosteidae and Peipiaosteidae. They are the second earliest diverging group of living ray-finned fish after the bichirs. Despite being early diverging, they are highly Primitive (phylogenetics), derived, having only weakly Ossification, ossified skeletons that are mostly made of cartilage, and in modern representatives highly modified skulls. Description The axial skeleton of Acipenseriformes is only partially ossified, with the majority of the bones being replaced with cartilage. The notochord, usually only found in fish embryos, is unconstricted and retained throughout life. The premaxilla and maxilla bones of the skull present in other vertebrates have been lost. While larvae and early juvenile acipenseriforms have teeth, the adult ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Huso
''Huso'' is a genus of sturgeons from eastern Europe, Asia, and eastern North America. The genus name is derived from ''wikt:huso, hūso'', the Old High German and Medieval Latin word for "sturgeon", which is also ancestral to ''wikt:Hausen, Hausen'', the German name for the Beluga (sturgeon), beluga sturgeon. Taxonomy Until 2025, ''Huso'' was defined as containing two giant-sized species: the Beluga (sturgeon), beluga from western Eurasia, and the Kaluga (fish), kaluga from East Asia. However, this placement was long found to be Polyphyly, polyphyletic, with the kaluga grouping with other East Asian sturgeon species. In contrast, a large number of Eurasian and two North American species were found to form a large clade with ''H. huso''. In addition, the latter clade was found to be more closely related to the morphologically unusual ''Pseudoscaphirhynchus'' than to any other sturgeon clade. In 2025, this taxonomic conundrum was resolved by reclassifying the kaluga and other P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acipenser
''Acipenser'' is a genus of sturgeons, containing three species native to freshwater and estuarine systems of eastern North America and Europe. It is the type genus of the family Acipenseridae and the order Acipenseriformes. Taxonomy Prior to 2025, ''Acipenser'' contained almost all species in the Acipenseridae outside of ''Huso'' and the "shovelnose" sturgeons (''Scaphirhynchus'' and '' Pseudoscaphirhynchus''). However, such a placement is now known to be paraphyletic with respect to the other genera, and these species have since been split into ''Huso'' and '' Sinosturio''. ''Acipenser'' in the strict sense ('' sensu stricto'') has been redefined with only 3 species. This is an ancient genus, with phylogenetic evidence suggesting that it is the most basal sturgeon genus, having diverged from other sturgeons during the Early Cretaceous period. Several fossil species known as far back as the Late Cretaceous, with the fossils of two species ('' A. praeparatorum'' and '' A. a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sinosturio
''Sinosturio'' is a genus of sturgeon native to the Pacific Ocean and associated river drainages in eastern Asia and western North America. Considered synonymous with ''Acipenser'' for nearly a century, it was revived as a distinct genus in 2025 to resolve the polyphyly of the former genus. Most species in this genus were previously placed in ''Acipenser'', aside from the kaluga which was previously placed in ''Huso''. The following species are placed in this genus: * ''Sinosturio'' ''dabryanus'' ( A. H. A. Duméril, 1869) ( Yangtze sturgeon) * '' Sinosturio dauricus'' ( Georgi, 1775) (kaluga Kaluga (, ) is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, city and the administrative center of Kaluga Oblast, Russia. It stands on the Oka River southwest of Moscow. Its population was 337,058 at the 2021 census. Kaluga's most famous residen ...) * '' Sinosturio medirostris'' ( Ayres, 1854) ( green sturgeon) * '' Sinosturio mikadoi'' ( Hilgendorf, 1892) ( Sakhalin sturgeon) * '' Si ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scutes
A scute () or scutum (Latin: ''scutum''; plural: ''scuta'' "shield") is a bony external plate or scale overlaid with horn, as on the shell of a turtle, the skin of crocodilians, and the feet of birds. The term is also used to describe the anterior portion of the mesothorax in insects as well as some arachnids (e.g., the family Ixodidae, the scale ticks). Properties Scutes are similar to scales and serve the same function. Unlike the scales of lizards and snakes, which are formed from the epidermis, scutes are formed in the lower vascular layer of the skin and the epidermal element is only the top surface . Forming in the living dermis, the scutes produce a horny outer layer that is superficially similar to that of scales. Scutes will usually not overlap as snake scales (but see the pangolin). The outer keratin layer is shed piecemeal, and not in one continuous layer of skin as seen in snakes or lizards. The dermal base may contain bone and produce dermal armour. Scutes with a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protoscaphirhynchus
''Protoscaphirhynchus squamosus'' is an extinct sturgeon from the Late Cretaceous of North America. It is known from a single poorly preserved specimen found in the Maastrichtian aged Hell Creek Formation in Montana. Due to its poor preservational state, it has few diagnostic characters. See also * Prehistoric fish * List of prehistoric bony fish This list of prehistoric bony fish is an attempt to create a comprehensive listing of all Genus, genera from the fossil record that have ever been considered to be bony fish (class Osteichthyes), excluding purely vernacular terms. The list includ ... References Sturgeons Prehistoric ray-finned fish genera Late Cretaceous fish of North America Maastrichtian life Hell Creek fauna {{Acipenseriformes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pseudoscaphirhynchus
''Pseudoscaphirhynchus'' is a genus of relatively small, highly threatened sturgeons that are restricted to the Aral Sea system (although Local extinction, extirpated from the Aral Sea itself), including the Amu Darya and Syr Darya river basins, in Central Asia. ''Syr Darya sturgeon, P. fedtschenkoi'' is restricted to Syr Darya, but has not been seen in decades and it is possibly extinct.Mitrofanov, I.V.; and N.Sh. Mamilov (2015). Fish diversity and fisheries in the Caspian Sea and Aral–Syr Darya basin in the Republic of Kazakhstan at the beginning of the 21st Century. Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management 18(2): 160–170. The two other species in the genus are restricted to Amu Darya: ''Dwarf sturgeon, P. hermanni'' survives in very low numbers and ''Amu Darya sturgeon, P. kaufmanni'' in low numbers, with both being rated as Critically Endangered by the IUCN.Salnikov, V.B.; V.J. Birstein; and R.L. Mayden (1996). The contemporary status of the two Amu Darya River shovelnose s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dabry's Sturgeon
Dabry's sturgeon (''Sinosturio dabryanus''), also known as the Yangtze sturgeon, Changjiang sturgeon and river sturgeon, is a species of fish in the sturgeon family, Acipenseridae.Zhuang, P., et al. (1997)Biology and life history of Dabry's sturgeon, ''Acipenser dabryanus'', in the Yangtze River.''Environmental Biology of Fishes'' 48(1-4), 257-64. It is endemic to China and today restricted to the Yangtze River basin, but was also recorded from the Yellow River basin in the past. It was a food fish of commercial importance. Its populations declined drastically, and since 1988, it was designated an endangered species on the Chinese Red List in Category I and commercial harvest was banned. It has been officially declared extinct in the wild by the IUCN as of July 21, 2022. Taxonomy Prior to 2025, it was placed in the genus '' Acipenser'', but this placement was long found to be paraphyletic. In 2025, it was moved to the revived genus '' Sinosturio''. It is the type species ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Priscosturion
''Priscosturion'' is a genus of sturgeon from the Judith River Formation. It lived during the Campanian stage of the Late Cretaceous some 77.5 million years ago. Initially called ''Psammorhynchus'', its describers Lance Grande and Eric J. Hilton renamed the animal in 2009. The fish belongs to the subfamily Priscosturioninae within the larger family Acipenseridae Sturgeon (from Old English ultimately from Proto-Indo-European language, Proto-Indo-European *''str̥(Hx)yón''-) is the common name for the 27 species of fish belonging to the family Acipenseridae. The earliest sturgeon fossils date to the .... ''Priscosturion'' is only known from one species, ''P. longipinnis''. Description ''Priscosturion'' was around in overall length. Its type specimen is rather complete. It is notable for its rather robust vertebrae. References {{Taxonbar, from1=Q114355622, from2=Q21357703 Late Cretaceous fish of North America Prehistoric ray-finned fish genera Fossil taxa des ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
