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Stomiati
Stomiati is a group of teleost fish belonging to the cohort (group) Euteleostei, which is a group of bony fishes within the infra-class Teleostei that evolved ~240 million years ago. Teleostei is a group of ray-finned fishes with the exception of primitive bichirs, sturgeons, paddlefishes, freshwater Xenentodon cancila, garfishes, and bowfins. The cohort of Euteleostei is divided into two smaller groups: the Protacanthopterygii and the Neoteleostei. Stomiati happen to be descendants of the Protacanthopterygii, and contains the order of Osmeriformes and Stomiiformes (Betancur-R, et al.). Stomiati is one of five major Euteleostei, euteleost lineages that were recently placed in one monophyly, a group of organisms all descending from one common ancestor. The five being a clade formed by Esociformes and Salmonidae, Salmoniformes; second being the Stomiatii consisting of only Osmeriformes and Stomiiformes; Argentiniformes (excludes Alepocephalidae, Alepocephaliformes); Galaxiidae, Gala ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protacanthopterygii
Protacanthopterygii is a superorder of ray-finned fish. They inhabit both Marine (ocean), marine and freshwater habitats. They appear to have evolved in the Cretaceous or perhaps late Jurassic, originating probably roughly 150 million years ago; fossils of them and the closely related Otocephala are known from throughout the Cretaceous.Encyclopædia Britannica Online (2009): Annotated classification – Superorder Protacanthopterygii. ''In:'Fish Version of 2009-APR-22. Retrieved 2009-SEP-28. Characteristics and origin The Protacanthopterygii contain a number of moderately advanced teleosts. fish anatomy, Anatomical and other traits commonly found in this superorder are: more than 24 vertebrae, epicentral cartilages, one supraorbital bone, and a mesocoracoid, an adipose fin, and (often prominent) glossohyal teeth. However, they usually lack a protrusible Maxilla, upper jaw, a Throat, gular plate, and Anatomical terms of location#Proximal and distal, proximal forking of the int ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Euteleostei
Euteleostei, whose members are known as euteleosts, is a clade of bony fishes within Teleostei that evolved some 240 million years ago, although the oldest known fossil remains are only from the Early Cretaceous. It is divided into Protacanthopterygii (including the salmon and Stomiidae, dragonfish) and Neoteleostei (including the lanternfish, lizardfish, oarfish, and Acanthopterygii). Taxonomy The following taxa are known: * Clade Pan-Euteleostei ** Genus †''Avitosmerus'' ** Genus †''Barcarenichthys'' ** Genus †''Beurlenichthys'' ** Genus †''Casieroides'' ** Genus †''Chardonius'' ** Genus †''Erihalcis'' ** Genus †''Gaudryella'' ** Genus †''Gharbouria'' ** Genus †''Helgolandichthys'' ** Genus †''Parawenzichthys'' ** Genus †''Santanasalmo'' ** Genus †''Scombroclupeoides'' ** Genus †''Tchernovichthys'' ** Genus †''Wenzichthys'' ** Cohort Euteleostei *** Superorder Lepidogalaxias, Lepidogalaxii *** Superorder Protacanthopterygii *** Clade Stomiati *** ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Teleost
Teleostei (; Ancient Greek, Greek ''teleios'' "complete" + ''osteon'' "bone"), members of which are known as teleosts (), is, by far, the largest group of ray-finned fishes (class Actinopterygii), with 96% of all neontology, extant species of fish. The Teleostei, which is variously considered a Division (zoology), division or an infraclass in different taxonomic systems, include over 26,000 species that are arranged in about 40 order (biology), orders and 448 family (biology), families. Teleosts range from giant oarfish measuring or more, and ocean sunfish weighing over , to the minute male anglerfish ''Photocorynus spiniceps'', just long. Including not only torpedo-shaped fish built for speed, teleosts can be flattened vertically or horizontally, be elongated cylinders or take specialised shapes as in anglerfish and seahorses. The difference between teleosts and other bony fish lies mainly in their jaw bones; teleosts have a movable premaxilla and corresponding modifications ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neoteleostei
The Neoteleostei is a large clade of teleostei, bony fish mostly consisting of marine clades. Only three lineages have freshwater species: Percopsiformes (Troutperches), which lives exclusively in freshwater, Gadiformes (cods), which is largely marine except from burbot that live in freshwater and a few populations of cod in brackish water, and the Percomorpha, which, in addition to several marine groups, also have many freshwater forms. The remaining members of Neoteleostei are marine: The populous clade of the Acanthopterygii which consist of the Beryciformes, Holocentridae and the aforementioned Percomorpha (which include families such as the Scombroidei, tuna, Syngnathiformes, seahorses, gobies, Cichlidae, cichlids, flatfish, Labridae, wrasse, Perciformes, perches, Lophiiformes, anglerfish, Tetraodontiformes, pufferfish), the Ateleopodidae (jellynoses), the Lampriformes (oarfish, opah, ribbonfish), the Zeiformes (dories), the Polymixiiformes (beardfish), the Stylephorus, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Osmeriformes
The Osmeriformes are an order (biology), order of ray-finned fish that includes the true or freshwater smelts and allies, such as the noodlefishes; they are also collectively called osmeriforms. They belong to the teleost superorder Protacanthopterygii, which also includes pike (fish), pike and salmon, among others. The order's name means "smelt-shaped", from ''Osmerus'' (the type genus) + the standard fish order suffix "-formes". It ultimately derives from Ancient Greek ''osmé'' (ὀσμή, "pungent smell") + Latin ''forma'' ("external form"), the former in reference to the characteristic aroma of the flesh of ''Osmerus''.FishBase (2006)Order Osmeriformes Version of 2006-OCT-09. Retrieved 2009-SEP-28. In the classification used here, the order Osmeriformes contains two suborders, four family (biology), families, some 17 genera, and about 52species. The "marine" smelts and allies (e.g. the odd-looking barreleyes) were formerly included here as suborder Argentinoidei; they are now ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Galaxiidae
The Galaxiidae are a family of mostly small freshwater fish in the Southern Hemisphere. The majority live in Southern Australia or New Zealand, but some are found in South Africa, southern South America, Lord Howe Island, New Caledonia, and the Falkland Islands. One galaxiid species, the common galaxias (''Galaxias maculatus''), is probably the most widely naturally distributed freshwater fish in the Southern Hemisphere. They are coolwater species, found in temperate latitudes, with only one species known from subtropical habitats. Many specialise in living in cold, high-altitude upland rivers, streams, and lakes. Some galaxiids live in fresh water all their lives, but many have a partially marine lifecycle. In these cases, larvae are hatched in a river, but are washed downstream to the ocean, later returning to rivers as juveniles to complete their development to full adulthood. This pattern differs from that of salmon, which only return to fresh water to breed, and is desc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pachystomias Microdon
''Pachystomias microdon'', the smalltooth dragonfish, is a species of barbeled dragonfish found in the oceans at depths of from . This species grows to a length of SL. This species is the only known species in its genus. Red Light Bioluminescence Production of far-red bioluminescence ''Pachystomias'' is one of three deep-sea fish that can produce red light bioluminescence, along with ''Aristostomias ''Aristostomias'' is a genus of barbeled dragonfishes native to the ocean depths in the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian Ocean, Indian oceans. Red Light Bioluminescence Production of red light bioluminescence Similar to other deep-sea organisms ...'', '' Chirostomias'', and '' Malacosteus''. In addition to producing blue light via postorbital photophores, ''Pachystomias'' also possess suborbital and preorbital cephalic photophores that are capable of producing far-red bioluminescence, with wavelength emissions of over 650 nm. Compared to other bioluminescent fish, '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aristostomias
''Aristostomias'' is a genus of barbeled dragonfishes native to the ocean depths in the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian Ocean, Indian oceans. Red Light Bioluminescence Production of red light bioluminescence Similar to other deep-sea organisms that are capable of producing red light bioluminescence, including ''Pachystomias'', ''Aristostomias'' has large suborbital photophores that produce red-shifted cold light. In addition, ''Aristostomias'' has postorbital photophores that emit blue-green light. Visual systems Most meso- and bathypelagic fish are only able to see shortwave light, as their retinae possess rods with rhodopsins sensitive to blue light. ''Aristostomias'' is able to detect red-shifted light, as their retinae have long-wave absorbing rhodopsins and porphyropsins that can detect wavelengths of up to 590 nm. ''Aristostomias'' can detect red light at distances of up to 2 meters, suggesting that detection is used primarily for close-range intraspecific communic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stoplight Loosejaw
The stoplight loosejaws are small, deep-sea Barbeled dragonfish, dragonfishes of the genus ''Malacosteus'', classified either within the subfamily Malacosteinae of the family Stomiidae, or in the separate family Malacosteidae. They are found worldwide, outside of the Arctic and Subantarctic, in the mesopelagic zone, mesopelagic and Bathypelagic zone, bathypelagic zones, below a depth of . This genus once contained three nominal species: ''M. niger'' (the type), ''M. choristodactylus'', and ''M. danae'', with the validity of the latter two species being challenged by different authors at various times. In 2007, Kenaley examined over 450 stoplight loosejaw specimens and revised the genus to contain two species, ''M. niger'' and the new ''M. australis''. ''Malacosteus'' and the related genera ''Aristostomias'', ''Chirostomias pliopterus, Chirostomias'' and ''Pachystomias'' are the only fishes that produce red bioluminescence. As most of their prey organisms are not capable of percei ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
