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State Security Service (Uzbekistan)
The State Security Service ( Uzbek ''Davlat Xavfsizlik Xizmati'', ''DXX''; in Russian ''Служба государственной безопасности'', ''СГБ'', often romanised as ''SGB'') is the national intelligence agency of the government of Uzbekistan. It was formerly known as the National Security Service. The SNB is described by Amnesty International and the Institute for War and Peace Reporting as a secret police force. History The SSS was created on 26 September 1991 as a successor to the KGB and its republican affiliate in the Uzbek SSR. Since the collapse of the Soviet Union, it has retained the same responsibilities and a similar range of functional units, including paramilitary police and special forces. The SNB was a rival of the Interior Ministry until 2005, when it was brought under its control. It was renamed from the National Security Service on 14 March 2018. In recent years, the SNB has been sidelined in favor of the Uzbekistan National Guard, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abdusalom Azizov
Abdusalom Abdumavlonovich Azizov (Uzbek language, Uzbek: Abdusalom Abdumavlonovich Azizov; born 20 January 1960) is an Uzbek military leader who was the Ministry of Defense (Uzbekistan), Minister of Defence of Uzbekistan from 4 September 2017 to 11 February 2019. He now serves as head of the State Security Service (Uzbekistan), State Security Service. Biography Azizov was born on 20 January 1960 in Tashkent. He formerly served in the ranks of the Soviet Army. He graduated from the Tashkent Police School (now the Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Uzbekistan). From 1982 to 2001, he served in the Main Department of Internal Affairs of the city of Tashkent from the inspector of the checkpoint to the first deputy chief of the GUVD. In 2001-2002, he was the head of the Central Internal Affairs Directorate of the city of Tashkent. From 2002 to 2006, he was chairman of the national holding company Uzbekneftegaz. From September 2006 to November 2008, Azizov was the General Di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Islam Karimov
Islam Abduganiyevich Karimov (30 January 1938 – 2 September 2016) was an Uzbek politician who served as the first president of Uzbekistan, from the country's independence in 1991 until his death in 2016. He was the last First Secretary of the Communist Party of Uzbekistan from 1989 to 1991, when the party was reconstituted as the People's Democratic Party of Uzbekistan (O‘zXDP); he led the O‘zXDP until 1996. He was the President of the Uzbek SSR from 24 March 1990 until he declared the independence of Uzbekistan on 1 September 1991. He declared Uzbekistan as an independent nation on 31 August 1991. He subsequently won the 1991 Uzbek presidential election, presidential election on 29 December 1991, with 86% of the vote. Foreign observers and the opposition cited voting irregularities, alleging state-run propaganda and a falsified vote count. Karimov's first presidential term was extended to 2000 by way of 1995 Uzbek presidential term referendum, a referendum, and he was re-e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor
The Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor Affairs (DRL) is a bureau within the United States Department of State. The bureau is under the purview of the Under Secretary of State for Civilian Security, Democracy, and Human Rights. History The bureau was formerly known as the Bureau of Human Rights and Humanitarian Affairs, but was reorganized and renamed in 1994, to reflect both a broader sweep and a more focused approach to the interlocking issues of human rights, worker rights, and democracy. From 2011 to 2015, DRL provided financial support to the Tor network (The Onion Router). Functions DRL's responsibilities include promoting democracy in U.S. and around the world, formulating U.S. human rights policies, and coordinating policy in human rights-related labor issues. The Office to Monitor and Combat Anti-Semitism is a separate agency included in the Bureau. The Bureau is responsible for producing annual reports on the countries of the world with regard to religi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Country Reports On Human Rights Practices
Country Reports on Human Rights Practices are annual publications on the human rights conditions in countries and regions outside the United States, mandated by U.S. law to be submitted annually by the Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor of the United States Department of State to the United States Congress. The reports cover internationally recognized individual, civil, political, and worker rights, as set forth in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The first report covered the year 1976, issued in 1977. The People's Republic of China has responded to frequent criticism in this report by releasing a similar annual report titled the " Human Rights Record of the United States." On March 19, 2025, Politico ''Politico'' (stylized in all caps), known originally as ''The Politico'', is an American political digital newspaper company founded by American banker and media executive Robert Allbritton in 2007. It covers politics and policy in the Unit ... reported th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United States Department Of State
The United States Department of State (DOS), or simply the State Department, is an United States federal executive departments, executive department of the U.S. federal government responsible for the country's foreign policy of the United States, foreign policy and foreign relations of the United States, relations. Equivalent to the ministry of foreign affairs of other nations, its primary duties are advising the U.S. president on international relations, administering List of diplomatic missions of the United States, diplomatic missions, negotiating international treaties and agreements, protecting citizens abroad and representing the U.S. at the United Nations. The department is headquartered in the Harry S Truman Building, a few blocks from the White House, in the Foggy Bottom, Washington, D.C., Foggy Bottom neighborhood of Washington, D.C.; "Foggy Bottom" is thus sometimes used as a metonym. Established in 1789 as the first administrative arm of the U.S. executive branch, th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bukhara
Bukhara ( ) is the List of cities in Uzbekistan, seventh-largest city in Uzbekistan by population, with 280,187 residents . It is the capital of Bukhara Region. People have inhabited the region around Bukhara for at least five millennia, and the city has existed for half that time. Located on the Silk Road, the city has long served as a center of trade, scholarship, culture, and religion. Bukhara served as the capital of the Khanate of Bukhara, Emirate of Bukhara and later Bukhara People’s Soviet Republic. It was the birthplace of the scholar Imam Bukhari. The city has been known as "Noble Bukhara" (''Bukhārā-ye sharīf''). Bukhara has about 140 architectural monuments. UNESCO has listed the historic center of Bukhara (which contains numerous mosques and madrasas) as a List of World Heritage Sites in Uzbekistan, World Heritage Site. Names The exact name of the city of Bukhara in ancient times is unknown. The whole Oasis of Bukhara, oasis was called Bukhara in ancient times, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Terrorism In Uzbekistan
Prior to the 2001 invasion of Afghanistan, the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (IMU) posed the greatest threat to the Karimov administration. In 2002 the IMU was reclassified as terrorist by the United States. Since the invasion, the IMU has been greatly weakened due to US military actions which cut off its supply of resourcesRepublic of Uzbekistan against terrorism: Approaches, experiences, prospects Geneva Center for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces and killed its leader, Juma Namangani. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1999 Tashkent Bombings
The 1999 Tashkent bombings occurred on 16 February when six car bombs exploded in Tashkent, the capital of Uzbekistan. The bombs exploded over the course of an hour and a half, and targeted multiple government buildings. It is possible that five of the explosions were a distraction from the sixth, which appeared to be an attempt to assassinate President Islam Karimov. 16 were killed, and over 120 injured.Polat, p. 1.Polat, p. 3. Although the government blamed Islamic rebels – the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (IMU) – critics have cast doubt on this assessment.Polat, p. 4. Because of the tight media control in the country, the sequence of events of the attacks is not totally clear. The attacks According to the official version of the attacks, four to five men drove a car full of explosives up to the main entrance to the Cabinet of Ministers building a few minutes before Karimov was due to speak there. The attackers left the scene. A separate car explosion and gunfight occurre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Terrorism
Terrorism, in its broadest sense, is the use of violence against non-combatants to achieve political or ideological aims. The term is used in this regard primarily to refer to intentional violence during peacetime or in the context of war against non-combatants. There are various different definitions of terrorism, with no universal agreement about it. Different definitions of terrorism emphasize its randomness, its aim to instill fear, and its broader impact beyond its immediate victims. Modern terrorism, evolving from earlier iterations, employs various tactics to pursue political goals, often leveraging fear as a strategic tool to influence decision makers. By targeting densely populated public areas such as transportation hubs, airports, shopping centers, tourist attractions, and nightlife venues, terrorists aim to instill widespread insecurity, prompting Public policy, policy changes through Manipulation (psychology), psychological manipulation and undermining confidence ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
President Of Uzbekistan
The president of the Republic of Uzbekistan () is the head of state and executive authority in Uzbekistan. The office of President was established in 1991, replacing the position of Chairperson of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic, Uzbek SSR, which had existed since 1925. The president is directly elected for a term of seven years, by citizens of Uzbekistan who have reached 18 years of age. Islam Karimov was the only President of Uzbekistan for 25 years following the establishment of the office; he won three consecutive elections which many consider to have been Election, rigged. The third election was the most controversial since he had been elected twice and the current Constitution stipulated a maximum of two terms. The official explanation was that his first term in office, of five years, was under the previous Constitution and did not count towards the new limit. He died in office on 2 September 2016. A joint session of both houses ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tashkent Clan
The Tashkent clan is a powerful political clan based in Tashkent, Uzbekistan that controls the Uzbek National Security Service (known as the SNB, or MHH), and since late 2005 the Interior Ministry. The Samarkand clan is its biggest rival for control over the Government of Uzbekistan.Uzbekistan: Karimov appears to have political clans firmly in hand RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty Interior Minister , a member of the Samarkand clan, resigned in late 2005 saying his health prohibited him from continuing to serve. |
Shavkat Mirziyoyev
Shavkat Miromonovich Mirziyoyev (born 24 July 1957) is an Uzbek politician who has served as President of Uzbekistan and Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of Uzbekistan since 14 December 2016. Previously, Mirziyoyev led the government as a Prime Minister of Uzbekistan from 2003 to 2016.Brief profile of Mirziyoyev , Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. , RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty, 25 September 2006. Mirziyoyev joined the |
