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State Council (Sikkim)
The State Council of Sikkim was the unicameral legislature of the former Kingdom of Sikkim, which was located in the Himalayas, between India and China. There were six elections held for the council between 1953 and 1974. In 1975, after a 1975 Sikkimese monarchy referendum, referendum to abolish the monarchy, and the passing of the 36th amendment to the Indian constitution, the Chogyal, monarchy was abolished, along with the State Council. The territory of the kingdom was merged with India, becoming its 22nd state. The members of the State Council at the time, were deemed to be the Sikkim Legislative Assembly, Legislative Assembly of the newly formed state. Structure The council was composed of some elected members and some nominated by the ''Chogyal''. After the 1973 Sikkimese general election, 1973 election, the composition was changed and the appointments by the ''Chogyal'' were eliminated, while at the same time the number of seats in the council was increased. Executive ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emblem Of Sikkim
The Emblem of Sikkim is currently used as the official seal of the Government of Sikkim, India. It was earlier used as the coat of arms of the Chogyal, House of Namgyal and the Kingdom of Sikkim. The emblem is known as the ''Kham-sum-wangdu''. It was designed in 1877 by Robert Taylor. Symbolism The blazon consists of a lotus within a chain of 12 annulets. The lotus is a symbol of purity and a lotus throne is a symbol of the attainment of enlightenment. It is also a symbol of administrative power. Lotus thrones are the pedestal for most important figures in Buddhist art. Historical emblems File:Achievement of Sikkim.jpg, Before 1975, the motto on the coat of arms was different - OM MANI PADME HUM. (Oh, the jewel of creation is in the Lotus). Government Banner The Government of Sikkim can be represented by a banner that depicts the emblem of the state on a white background. File:Flag of the Government of Sikkim.svg, Banner of Sikkim See also * Flag of Sikkim * National Emb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tashi Namgyal
Tashi Namgyal ( Sikkimese: ; Wylie: ''Bkra-shis Rnam-rgyal'') (26 October 1893 – 2 December 1963) was the ruling Chogyal (King) of Sikkim from 1914 to 1963. He was the son of Thutob Namgyal. He was the first independent king of Sikkim. Biography Namgyal was the 11th ruler of the Namgyal dynasty of Sikkim, succeeding his half brother Sidkeong Tulku Namgyal, who had ruled from February to December 1914 - when he died, suddenly, under mysterious circumstances. Born in Tibet and crowned by the 13th Dalai Lama, Thubten Gyatso, he was a strong advocate for closer links with India. He was educated in St. Paul's School, Darjeeling. He was married in October 1918 to Kunzang Dechen, and they had 3 sons and 3 daughters. The eldest son died in a plane crash during World War Two. On his death he was succeeded as Chogyal by his second son Palden Thondup Namgyal. During his reign, he was known for land reform and free elections. He also favoured closer links between Sikkim, India ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1967 Sikkimese General Election
General elections were held in Sikkim in March 1967, having been due earlier but postponed after a state of emergency was declared following the Sino-Indian War. The Sikkim National Congress emerged as the largest single party, winning eight of the 24 seats. Although the Sikkim National Party won only five seats, its parliamentary faction was joined by three others (one each from the Tsong (Limbu), Sangha and scheduled caste reserved seats). Electoral system The State Council was established in 1953 by the Chogyal.Bareh, p16 It originally had 18 members, of which 12 were elected and six (including the President) appointed by the Chogyal. Of the 12 elected members, six were from the Nepali community and six from the Bhutia-Lepcha community. For the 1958 elections the number of seats was increased to 20 by adding one seat for the Sangha and an additional appointed member. In 1966, a further four seats had been added; one each for the Nepali and Lepcha/Bhutia communities, tog ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sino-Indian War
The Sino–Indian War, also known as the China–India War or the Indo–China War, was an armed conflict between China and India that took place from October to November 1962. It was a military escalation of the Sino–Indian border dispute. Fighting occurred along India's border with China, in India's North-East Frontier Agency east of Bhutan, and in Aksai Chin west of Nepal. There had been a series of border skirmishes between the two countries after the 1959 Tibetan uprising, when India granted asylum to the Dalai Lama. Chinese military action grew increasingly aggressive after India rejected proposed Chinese diplomatic settlements throughout 1960–1962, with China resuming previously banned "forward patrols" in Ladakh after 30 April 1962. Amidst the Cuban Missile Crisis, seeing that the U.S. was pre-occupied with dealing with it, China abandoned all attempts towards a peaceful resolution on 20 October 1962,''Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Independent (politician)
An independent politician or non-affiliated politician is a politician not affiliated with any political party or bureaucratic association. There are numerous reasons why someone may stand for office as an independent. Some politicians have political views that do not align with the platforms of any political party and therefore they choose not to affiliate with them. Some independent politicians may be associated with a party, perhaps as former members of it or else have views that align with it, but choose not to stand in its name, or are unable to do so because the party in question has selected another candidate. Others may belong to or support a political party at the national level but believe they should not formally represent it (and thus be subject to its policies) at another level. In some cases, a politician may be a member of an unregistered party and therefore officially recognised as an independent. Officeholders may become independents after losing or repudiating a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1958 Sikkimese General Election
General elections were held in Sikkim in 1958.Hamlet Bareh (2001) ''Encyclopaedia of North-East India: Sikkim'' Mittal Publications, p17 The Sikkim State Congress emerged as the largest party, winning seven of the 20 seats. Voter turnout was around 35%. Electoral system The State Council was established in 1953 by the Chogyal.Bareh, p16 It originally had 18 members, of which 12 were elected and six (including the President) appointed by the Chogyal. Of the 12 elected members, six were for the Nepali community and six for the Lepcha and the Bhutia communities. For the 1958 elections the number of seats was increased to 20. One seat for the Sangha was added, together with an unreserved seat. Candidates for election to the Council had to be at least 30 years old, whilst the voting age was set at 21. Around 55,000 voters registered for the election. Results Constituency-wise Appointed members In addition to the elected members, six others were appointed to the Sikkim State ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sangha (Buddhism)
Sangha or saṃgha () is a term meaning "association", "assembly", "company" or "community". In a political context, it was historically used to denote a governing assembly in a republic or a kingdom, and for a long time, it has been used by religious associations, including Buddhists, Jains and Sikhs. Given this history, some Buddhists have stated that the tradition of the ''sangha'' represents humanity's oldest surviving democratic institution. In Buddhism, ''sangha'' refers to the monastic communities of ''bhikkhu'' (monks) and '' bhikkhuni'' (nuns). These communities are traditionally referred to as the ''bhikkhu-sangha'' or the ''bhikkhuni-sangha''. As a separate category, those Buddhists who have attained any of the four stages of enlightenment, whether or not they are members of the monastic community, are referred to as the ''āryasaṅgha'' ("noble Sangha"). According to the Theravada school and Nichiren Shoshu Buddhism, the term ''sangha'' does not refer to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sangha Assembly Constituency
Sangha Assembly constituency is one of the 32 assembly constituencies of Sikkim, a state in the Northeast region of India. It is a part of the Sikkim Lok Sabha constituency. As of 2019, Sonam Lama is the holder of this seat. His current term is expected to end by 2024. This seat is reserved for the Buddhist monastic community (Sangha) of Sikkim. Buddhist monks and nuns, registered with the 111 recognized monasteries in the state, are the only ones who can contest and cast their votes for this Assembly seat. Members of the Sikkim State Council The Sangha constituency was created in 1958 for the Sikkim State Council, after requests from the monastery associations to the Chogyal. Members of the Legislative Assembly After the 1975 Sikkimese monarchy referendum, Sikkim became a state of India and the members of the State Council at the time, were deemed to be the Legislative Assembly of the new state of Sikkim. Supreme Court case In 1993, a case was brought in the Supreme ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sikkim State Congress
The Sikkim State Congress, or ''SSC'', was an annexationist political party in the Kingdom of Sikkim. It was founded in 1947 and worked closely with the Indian National Congress (INC) to successfully achieve the annexation of Sikkim to India. Other parties established by the INC to serve India's interests in its near abroad included the Nepal State Congress Party and the Bhutan State Congress Party. History Sikkim State Congress was formed on 7th December 1947 after localised organisations Praja Sudharak Samaj, Praja Sammelan and Praja Mandal jointly decided to form a unified party. Tashi Tshering was the President of the newly formed party. The SSC's main constituents were Nepalese, while its opponent, the Sikkim National Party, had support among the Bhutia and Lepcha people. It campaigned to change the election system from a confessional system to a "one man, one vote" system. When that reform happened in 1974, the numerically superior Nepalese made the Congress Sikkim's do ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sikkim National Party
Sikkim National Party was a political party in the Kingdom of Sikkim, formed in 1950. The Sikkim National Party was in favour of the monarchy and advocated independence for Sikkim. The party was founded to counter the growing influence of the pro-Indian parties Sikkim State Congress and Rajya Praja Sammelan, that had been formed after the independence of India in 1947. In the last elections for the Sikkim State Council before the fall of the monarchy in 1975, NP only won the seat of Kabi-Tingda (the sole seat not won by Dorjee's unified Congress A congress is a formal meeting of the representatives of different countries, constituent states, organizations, trade unions, political parties, or other groups. The term originated in Late Middle English to denote an encounter (meeting of ... party). Electoral history References Defunct political parties in Sikkim Political parties established in 1950 1950 establishments in Sikkim Monarchist parties Political part ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bhutia-Lepcha
Bhuta-Lepcha is an ethnic grouping consisting of people of the Bhutia and Lepcha communities in Sikkim, India. Both these groups are listed as Scheduled Tribes by the Government of India. After the implementation of the recommendations of the Delimitation Commission, in 2002, 12 (out of 32) seats have been reserved for this group in the Sikkim Legislative Assembly. Reservation within Sikkim Reservation for the Bhutia-Lepcha (BL) people started with the 1953 Sikkimese general election with six (out of 18) seats reserved in the Sikkim State Council. This was changed to seven (out of 24) seats by the time of the 1970 Sikkimese general election. The reservation was further increased to 15 (out of 32) seats in the first election to be based on universal suffrage in 1974. As of 2006, there are 12 seats (out of 32) reserved for the BL in the Sikkim Legislative Assembly. Sikkim Bhutia Lepcha Apex Committee The Sikkim Bhutia Lepcha Apex Committee (SIBLAC) is a group striving fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nepali People
Nepali or Nepalese () are the permanent citizens of Nepal under Nepali nationality law. The term ''Nepali'' strictly refers to ''nationality'', meaning people holding citizenship of Nepal. Conversely, people without Nepalese citizenship but with roots in Nepal (such as Nepalese Australians), who speak Nepali or any of the other 128 Nepali languages but hold foreign citizenship, are referred to as ''Nepali-language Speaking Foreigners'' (). The term ''Nepali'' is also not generally used to refer to non-citizen residents, dual citizens, or expatriates. Nepal is a multicultural and multi-ethnic country. Bagmati Province is the most densely populated province, holding approximately 20.97 percent of Nepal's population. Nepalese diaspora The Nepali diaspora, or non-resident Nepalese, are Nepali people living overseas. The ''Non-resident Nepali Act, 2064'' of Nepal defines a non-resident Nepalese as someone who is a foreign citizen of Nepali origin including a Nepali citizen res ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
