Sonderbund Westdeutscher Kunstfreunde Und Künstler
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Sonderbund Westdeutscher Kunstfreunde Und Künstler
The "Sonderbund" — as it is normally called; its complete name being Sonderbund westdeutscher Kunstfreunde und Künstler (the "Separate League of West German Art Lovers and Artists"), and also known as Sonderbund group — was a "special union" of artists and art lovers, established 1909 in Düsseldorf and dissolved in 1916. In its first years, the Sonderbund mounted some landmark exhibitions, successfully introducing French Impressionist, Post-Impressionist and Modern Art to the western parts of Germany. History The international movement of Secessionism, which since 1890 began to cover the European art scene, entered Düsseldorf, its renowned art school and artist societies at a very late date. In 1908, a group of younger artists first organized a "special exhibition" ("Sonderausstellung"), the year following they reunited in a "Sonderbund" exhibition works of their own with French contemporary art lent by local collectors and the Galerie Bernheim-Jeune of Paris ...
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Düsseldorf
Düsseldorf is the capital city of North Rhine-Westphalia, the most populous state of Germany. It is the second-largest city in the state after Cologne and the List of cities in Germany with more than 100,000 inhabitants, seventh-largest city in Germany, with a 2022 population of 629,047. The Düssel, from which the city and the borough of Düsseltal take their name, divides into four separate branches within the city, each with its own mouth into the Rhine (Lower Rhine). Most of Düsseldorf lies on the right bank of the Rhine, and the city has grown together with Neuss, Ratingen, Meerbusch, Erkrath and Monheim am Rhein. Düsseldorf is the central city of the metropolitan region Rhine-Ruhr, the List of EU metropolitan regions by GDP#2021 ranking of top four German metropolitan regions, second biggest metropolitan region by GDP in the European Union, that stretches from Bonn via Cologne and Düsseldorf to the Ruhr (from Duisburg via Essen to Dortmund). The ''-dorf'' suffix mea ...
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Karl Ernst Osthaus
Karl Ernst Osthaus (15 April 1874, in Hagen – 25 March 1921, in Merano) was an important German patron of avant-garde art and architecture. Life Osthaus was born to a wealthy banking family, who also owned several businesses in the textile and metalwork industries. Initially, his father wanted him to go into the family business but owing to a nervous breakdown, Karl went into academics. When he was 22, he received an inheritance from his grandparents which allowed him to pursue his interest in starting a museum. In 1902, Osthaus founded the Folkwang Museum in Hagen, Germany. After his death, the city of Hagen was unable to purchase the museum collection and in 1922 Hagen was outbid by the neighbouring city of Essen which now houses the Folkwang Collection. A separate museum survives in Hagen, the Karl Ernst Osthaus-Museum. Osthaus was a notable patron of the European avant-garde. Although in his early life he tended to German nationalism, active in the ''Alldeutscher Ver ...
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Carl Sternheim
Carl Sternheim (born William Adolph Carl Francke; 1 April 1878 – 3 November 1942) was a German playwright and short story writer. One of the major exponents of German Expressionism, he especially satirized the moral sensibilities of the emerging German middle class during the Wilhelmine period. Early life and education Sternheim was born in Leipzig, the son of Rosa Marie Flora (née Francke) (1856–1908) and Carl Julius Sternheim (1852–1918), a banker. His parents married two years after he was born. His father was Jewish, and his mother was a Lutheran from a working-class family. Sternheim grew up in Hannover and Berlin. Between 1897 and 1902, he studied philosophy, psychology, and jurisprudence intermittently at the Universities of Munich, Göttingen, and Leipzig, but never graduated. Family and career In 1900, he began working as a freelance writer in Weimar, where he met and married his first wife Eugenie Hauth the same year. Their union ended in 1906 and he marri ...
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Max Meirowsky
Max Meirowsky (born 17 February 1866 in Guttstadt; died 1 December 1949 in Geneva) was a German-Jewish industrialist and art collector persecuted by the Nazis. Life Max Meirowsky, the older brother of the dermatologist Emil Meirowsky (1876-1960), came to Cologne from East Prussia. In 1894 he founded a company near Porz to produce insulating material (mica, monazite and feldspar) for the emerging electrical and motor industries. The company flourished, and in 1910 was transformed into a family corporation, Meirowsky AG, in which Max's brother Emil also participated. He lived in Lindenthal, Cologne, in a house constructed by architect Ludwig Bopp in 1910-11. In 1917 Meirowsky anonymously donated 1.2 million gold marks to the city of Cologne, in the hope of advancing research into improving children's nutrition, however the mayor Konrad Adenauer wanted to use the money to "attract a Kaiser Wilhelm Institute to his city". Meirowsky raised the donation to three million gold market ...
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List Of German Painters
This is a list of German painters. A > second column was into info box --> * Hans von Aachen (1552–1615) * Aatifi (born 1965) * Karl Abt (painter), Karl Abt (1899–1985) * Tomma Abts (born 1967) * Andreas Achenbach (1815–1910) * Oswald Achenbach (1827–1905) * Herbert Achternbusch (1938–2022) * Franz Ackermann (born 1963) * Johann Adam Ackermann (1780–1853) * Max Ackermann (1887–1975) * Otto Ackermann (painter), Otto Ackermann (1872–1953) * Albrecht Adam (1786–1862) * Benno Adam (1812–1892) * Emil Adam (1843–1924) * Eugen Adam (1817–1880) * Franz Adam (1815–1886) * Heinrich Adam (1787–1862) * Luitpold Adam (1888–1950) * Jankel Adler (1895–1949) * Salomon Adler (1630–1709) * Christoph Ludwig Agricola (1667–1719) * Karl Agricola (1779–1852) * August Ahlborn (1796–1857) * Erwin Aichele (1887–1974) * Wolfram Aichele (1924–2016) * Max Ainmiller (1807–1870) * Josef Albers (1888–1976) * Heinrich Jacob Aldenrath (1775–1844) * William Al ...
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Otto Sohn-Rethel
Otto Wilhelm Sohn-Rethel (1877–1949) German lepidopterist and a painter of the Düsseldorf school of painting art movement. Sohn-Rethel was a member of the art groups, Sonderbund group and Young Rhineland. The prominent theme of his art was young men frequently in the nude. Life and work Otto Wilhelm Sohn-Rethel was born on 18 January 1877 in Düsseldorf, Germany. He was the second son of the artists Karl Rudolf Sohn and Else Sohn-Rethel. He was given the name "Otto Wilhelm" after his great uncles, the painters and Wilhelm Sohn. In the summer of 1883, Sohn-Rethel's interest in butterflies began in-part because of his uncle, Erich Hettner (1868–1933). Starting in 1890, he studied at Kunstakademie Düsseldorf (Düsseldorf Art Academy) under artists Heinrich Lauenstein, Hugo Crola, and Adolf Schill. Followed by study at Académie Julian in Paris. He was a member of the Deutscher Künstlerbund (Association of German Artists). Besides painting, he was a lepidopterist and ...
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Karli Sohn-Rethel
Carl Ernst "Karli" Sohn-Rethel (1882–1966) German Modernist painter of the Düsseldorf school of painting art movement. He traveled often and was active in Düsseldorf, Munich, Rome, Positano, Paris, among other places. Sohn-Rethel was a member of the art groups, Sonderbund group and Young Rhineland. Biography Early life Sohn-Rethel was born 8 May 1882, as the third child of the portrait painter Karl Rudolf Sohn and his wife, the artist Else Sohn-Rethel. His mother was the daughter of the painter Alfred Rethel. His father was the son of Karl Ferdinand Sohn. His older brothers were the painters Alfred Sohn-Rethel, the father of the philosopher Alfred Sohn-Rethel, and Otto Sohn-Rethel. His younger sister Mira was married to the painter Werner Heuser. He studied at Kunstakademie Düsseldorf (Düsseldorf Art Academy) where he graduated in 1903, and that same year in spring he continued his studies at Dresden Academy of Fine Arts. At Dresden he studied under Carl Bantzer ...
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Alfred Sohn-Rethel (painter)
Alfred Sohn-Rethel (8 February 1875 – 10 December 1958) was a German Modernist painter of the Düsseldorf school of painting art movement. He was active in Düsseldorf, Berlin, Paris, and Barbizon. Biography Alfred Sohn-Rethel was born 8 February 1875 to painters Else Sohn-Rethel Elisabeth "Else" Johanna Martha Maria Sohn-Rethel (14 March 1853 – 22 January 1933) was a German painter and singer, active in the mid and late 19th-century. Biography Elisabeth Johanna Martha Maria Rethel was born 14 March 1853 in Rome, P ... (née Rethel) and Karl Rudolf Sohn and was raised in Düsseldorf, Germany. He came from a family of painters many of which were of the Düsseldorf school of painting, his maternal grandfather was History painting, history painter Alfred Rethel, his maternal great grandfather was Portrait miniature, miniature painter and Portrait, portraitist, August Grahl. His paternal grandfather was Karl Ferdinand Sohn. He attended the Kunstakademie Düsseldorf (Düs ...
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