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Société D'Encouragement Pour L'industrie Nationale
The Société d'encouragement pour l'industrie nationale (; ) is an organization established in 1801 to support French industry. Over the years it has provided prizes and support to inventors, promoted transfer of technology and management techniques, sponsored efforts to improve safety and efficiency and reduce pollution, and promoted vocational education. Foundation In 1800 Napoleon was firmly in power as ruler of France and continental peace seemed assured. Napoleon resolved to make French industry greater than that of all other nations, particularly England. At the initiative of the Minister of Interior Jean-Antoine Chaptal, the second Exposition des produits de l'industrie française was held in Paris from 19–25 September 1801. Following this, a preparatory meeting for the Société d'encouragement pour l'industrie nationale was held on 4 October 1801 to discuss the formation of a society similar to the British Royal Society of Arts to encourage and improve French industry ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Jean-Antoine Chaptal
Jean-Antoine Chaptal, comte de Chanteloup (; 5 June 1756 – 29 July 1832) was a French chemist, physician, agronomist, industrialist, statesman, educator and philanthropist. Chaptal was involved in early industrialization in France under Napoleon and during the Bourbon Restoration in France, Bourbon Restoration. He was a founder and the first president of the Society for the Encouragement of National Industry. He was an organizer of Exposition des produits de l'industrie française, industrial expositions held in Paris. He compiled a study surveying the condition and needs of French industry in the early 1800s. Chaptal published practical essays on the uses of chemistry. He was an industrial producer of hydrochloric, nitric and sulfuric acids, and was sought after as a technical consultant for the manufacture of gunpowder. Chaptal published works which drew on Antoine Lavoisier's theoretical chemistry to make advances in wine-making.Chaptal, Jean-Antoine. 1801. ''L'Art de faire, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Éleuthère Mascart
Éleuthère Élie Nicolas Mascart (20 February 1837 – 24 August 1908) was a French physicist. His research focused in optics, electricity, magnetism, and meteorology. Life Mascart was born in Quarouble, Nord. Starting in 1858, he attended the École normale supérieure (rue d'Ulm), earning his '' agrégé-préparateur'' three years later. He acquired his doctoral degree in science in 1864. After serving at various posts in secondary education, in 1868 he moved to the Collège de France to become Henri Victor Regnault's assistant. Mascart was appointed to succeed Régnault as the tenured Régnault chair in 1872, which he held until his death. In 1878 he also became the first director of the Bureau Central Météorologique. He won the Prix Bordin of the Académie Française in 1866 and the Grand prix of the Académie des sciences in 1874. He was elected as a member of the American Philosophical Society in 1890. He was elected Perpetual Member (1884), Secretary, and in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Jean Robieux
Jean Robieux (15 October 1925 – 14 June 2012) was a French physicist. A graduate from École Polytechnique and Doctor of Science, he is a leading French specialist in laser and optronics. He is the former scientific director of the Research Center of Alcatel Mobile Phones at Marcoussis, and during many years, head of the Robotics college at the École centrale Paris. He is a chairman of the board of directors of the school and chairman of the Scientific Council. He followed in particular the development the materials department. He suggested the initial creation of the ECAM Rennes - Louis de Broglie school in 1988. Biography He is a graduate from École Polytechnique (1946–1949), École nationale de l'aviation civile (1949–1951), and received a Doctor of Science from University of Paris and also a Master of Science from the California Institute of Technology. In 1952, he was engineer at the California company Helipot and then responsible for controlling the manufacture of e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Jacques Tréfouël
Jacques Tréfouël (9 November 1897, Le Raincy – 11 July 1977, Paris) was a French medicinal chemistry, medical chemist. He collaborated closely with his wife, Thérèse Tréfouël, including on the discovery of sulfanilamide. Biography From 1920 to 1928 he worked as an assistant to Ernest Fourneau in the laboratory of medicinal chemistry at the Pasteur Institute. For the next ten years, he served as laboratory chief at the Institute, during which time, he was involved in the synthesis and development of drugs such as stovarsol, orsanine, and rhodoquine. In 1935, in collaboration with his wife, chemist Thérèse Tréfouël, and pharmacologists Daniel Bovet and Federico Nitti, he conducted research of prontosil, of which, they demonstrated that only a portion of the substance, named sulphanilamide, was active against streptococcus. The group also showed sulphanilamide's effective action against other types of bacteria (meningococcus, pneumococcus, gonococcus, Friedlander's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Georges Jean Marie Darrieus
Georges Jean Marie Darrieus (24 September 1888 – 15 July 1979) was a French aerospace engineering, aeronautical engineer in the 20th century. He invented the Darrieus wind turbine, Darrieus rotor, a wind turbine capable of operating from any direction and under adverse weather conditions, and the vertical-axis wind turbine, vertical-axis giromill. The invention is described in the 1931 . Darrieus is also known for introduction of laminated pressplates into the construction of the stators used in synchronous generators thus reducing the core losses. Biography In World War I, Georges Darrieus was appointed as the artillery captain in 1917. References Sources * External linksacademie-sciences.frUS patent 1,835,018 French aerospace engineers Members of the French Academy of Sciences 20th-century French inventors Wind turbines 1888 births 1979 deaths French fluid dynamicists {{France-engineer-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Albert Caquot
Albert Irénée Caquot (; 1 July 1881 – 28 November 1976) was a French engineer. He received the “Croix de Guerre 1914–1918 (France)” (military honor) and was Grand-croix of the Légion d’Honneur (1951). In 1962, he was awarded the Wilhelm Exner Medal. He was a member of the French Academy of Sciences from 1934 until his death in 1976. Early life Albert was born to Paul Auguste Ondrine Caquot and his wife, Marie Irma (nee Cousinard). They owned a family farm in Vouziers, in the Ardennes, near the Belgian border. His father taught him modernism, by installing electricity and telephone as early as 1890. One year after high school, at eighteen years old, he was admitted at the Ecole Polytechnique Polytechnicien family'' », search for « Albert Caquot », you get : « Caquot, Albert Irénée (X 1899; 1881-1976) »; you can then choose to click on "Fiche matricule" for more detailed information. ("year" 1899). Six years later, he graduated in the Corps des Ponts et Cha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Louis Mangin
Louis Alexandre Mangin (; 8 September 1852, in Paris – 27 January 1937) was a French botanist and mycologist. In 1873, he became an associate professor at the Lycée de Nancy, followed by a professorship at the Lycée Louis-le-Grand in Paris (1881–1904). During this time frame, he was also a lecturer on natural sciences at the Sorbonne (from 1890). From 1904 to 1931, he was a professor (''Chaire de cryptogamie'') at the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, and was director of the museum from 1919 until his retirement in 1931. For several years he was director of the menagerie at the Jardin des Plantes (1920 to 1926). Mangin was a member of the Académie des sciences, the Académie d'agriculture de France, the Académie des sciences coloniales and the Société mycologique de France. His early research dealt largely with plant anatomy and physiology; his doctoral thesis involving the adventitious roots of monocotyledons. With Gaston Bonnier (1853–1922), he performed exten ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Louis-Émile Bertin
Louis-Émile Bertin (; 23 March 1840 – 22 October 1924) was a French naval engineer, one of the foremost of his time, and a proponent of the "Jeune École" philosophy of using light, but powerfully armed warships instead of large battleships. Early life Bertin was born in Nancy, France, on 23 March 1840. He entered the Paris École polytechnique in 1858. At exiting the school, he chose the field of Naval Engineering ('' Corps du génie maritime''). His role model was Henri Dupuy de Lôme, who had designed the first ironclad warship in France. Bertin came to be known for his innovative designs, often at odds with conventional wisdom, and won international recognition as a leading naval architect. In 1871, he also became a doctor of laws, showing great versatility of talents. Life in Japan In 1885, the Japanese government persuaded the French Génie Maritime to send Bertin as a special foreign advisor to the Imperial Japanese Navy for a period of four years from 1886 to 1890 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Edmond Huet
Edmond Huet (1827-1906) was a director of the Paris city council's works department at the end of the 19th century. A graduate of École polytechnique, he proposed several schemes for the introduction of a mass rapid transit system for the city and eventually worked closely with Fulgence Bienvenüe on the scheme to build the Paris Metro, which opened in 1900. Huet became the eleventh president (after Henry Louis Le Châtelier) of the Société d'encouragement pour l'industrie nationale in 1905 and was succeeded by Édouard Gruner in 1907. See also History of Paris Métro The Paris Métro (, , or , ), short for Métropolitain (), is a rapid transit system serving the Paris metropolitan area in France. A symbol of the city, it is known for its density within the capital's territorial limits, uniform architectur ... References * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Huet, Edmond French engineers Transport in Paris 1827 births 1906 deaths École Polytechnique alumni Burials at Père Lachai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
