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Skande
Skande ( ka, სკანდე), sometimes known as Skanda (სკანდა), is a village in the Terjola Municipality, Imereti, Georgia. It is located in western part of the country, in the small river valley of Chkhari, part of the Kvirila River system, some 15 km northeast of the town of Terjola. According to the 2014 census, its population was 434. Skanda is home to a ruined fortress, which is the Scanda or Scandeis of the Eastern Roman authors of Late Antiquity and one of the strongholds contested between the Eastern Roman and Sasanian empires during their conflicts in Lazica. It maintained its importance as one of the key fortresses of Imereti down to the early 19th century. History Late Antiquity Skanda is referenced in the Eastern Roman sources, such as the '' Novellae'' by the emperor Justinian I and historical accounts of the eponymous era, e.g. by Procopius and Menander Protector, as a fortress in the hinterland of Lazica, a kingdom on the Black Sea contest ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giosafat Barbaro
Giosafat Barbaro (also spelled ''Giosaphat'' or ''Josaphat''; 1413–1494) was a member of the Venetian Barbaro family. He was a diplomat, merchant, explorer and travel writer.''A new general biographical dictionary, Volume 3'' Hugh James Rose, Henry John Rose, 1857, pg. 137 He was unusually well-travelled for someone of his times.''Una famiglia veneziana nella storia: i Barbaro'' Michela Marangoni, Manlio Pastore Stocchi, Is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Terjola
Terjola ( ka, თერჯოლა ) is a town in Imereti, Georgia (country), Georgia, serving as an administrative center of the Terjola district, homonymous district. Terjola is situated in the Imereti Lowlands in western Georgia, on the right bank of the Chkhara river. ''Georgian Journal'' 16 Apr, 2018 It lies on the Tbilisi-Zestaponi highway, 190 km northwest of Tbilisi and 14 km northwest of Zestaponi. Its population is 4,644. Terjola is first mentioned in the 17th-century sources. It acquired the status of a town in 1983. There are a series of historical and cultural landmarks in the environs of Terjola such as the Skande fortre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lazica
The Kingdom of Lazica (; ; ), sometimes called Lazian Empire, was a state in the territory of west Georgia in the Roman era, Georgia in the Roman period, from about the 1st century BC. Created as a result of the collapse of the kingdom of Colchis and the gaining of independence by the tribal-territorial units included in it in 131 AD. Name In the Svan language, the Svans refer to the Mingrelia (Samegrelo) region as Lazan, La- is the Svan territorial prefix and Lazan means "the land of the Zans". History By the mid-3rd century, Lazica was given partial autonomy within the Roman Empire and developed into a kingdom. Throughout much of its existence, it was mainly a Byzantine Empire, Byzantine strategic vassal kingdom that briefly came under Sasanian Empire, Sasanian Persian rule during the Lazic War. The treaty that ended the war abolished the kingdom of Lazica which became a Byzantine territory rules by a patrician. The parts of the Lazian Empire were Suani, Scymni, Western ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Countries Of The World
The following is a list providing an overview of sovereign states around the world with information on their status and recognition of their sovereignty. The 205 listed states can be divided into three categories based on membership within the United Nations System: 193 member states of the United Nations, UN member states, two United Nations General Assembly observers#Current non-member observers, UN General Assembly non-member observer states, and ten other states. The ''sovereignty dispute'' column indicates states having undisputed sovereignty (188 states, of which there are 187 UN member states and one UN General Assembly non-member observer state), states having disputed sovereignty (15 states, of which there are six UN member states, one UN General Assembly non-member observer state, and eight de facto states), and states having a political status of the Cook Islands and Niue, special political status (two states, both in associated state, free association with New ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sarapanis
Shorapani ( ka, შორაპანი ) is a small Georgian town, situated in the Zestaponi District, part of the region of Imereti. Founded in the 3rd century BC, it served as a residence of the ''eristavi'' (dukes) of Argveti (also known as the Duchy of Shorapani) in the Antiquity and the early Middle Ages. Near the town are the ruins of a fortress, mentioned as ''Sarapana'' by Strabo and ''Sarapanis'' by Procopius as a strong position on the road that led from Colchis to Iberia. __TOC__ Legends Shorapani (Sarapanis) is the toponymy, that is mentioned in old Greek mythology. That was Sarapanis that Jason and his Argonaut friends approached during their travel in old Colchis (Kolkhida). See also * Imereti Imereti ( Georgian: იმერეთი, ) is a region of Georgia situated in the central-western part of the republic along the middle and upper reaches of the Rioni River. Imereti is the most populous region in Georgia. It consists of 11 mun ... References Extern ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prince Vakhushti
Vakhushti ( ka, ვახუშტი; 1696 – 1757) was a Georgians, Georgian royal prince (''batonishvili''), geographer, historian and cartographer. His principal historical and geographic works, ''Description of the Kingdom of Georgia'' and the ''Geographical Atlas'', were inscribed on UNESCO's Memory of the World Register in 2013. Life Born as a royal bastard, son of King Vakhtang VI of Kartli (ruled 1716–24), he was born in Tbilisi, 1696. Educated by the Garsevanishvili brothers and a Roman Catholic mission, he was fluent in Greek language, Greek, Latin language, Latin, French language, French, Turkish language, Turkish, Russian language, Russian and Armenian language, Armenian. His name Vakhushti derives from Iranian languages#Old Iranian, Old Iranian ''vahišta-'' ("paradise", superlative of ''veh'' "good", i.e., "superb, excellent"). Its equivalent in Middle Persian is ''wahišt'' and in New Persian ''behešt''. In 1719 and 1720, he participated in two successive c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander III Of Imereti
Alexander III ( ka, ალექსანდრე III; 1609 – 1 March 1660), was a Georgian List of monarchs of Georgia, king (''mepe'') of the Bagrationi dynasty, who reigned as kingdom of Imereti, king of Imereti in Western Georgia from 1639 to 1660. Locked in power struggle with his regional rivals for several decades, Alexander allied himself with the Tsardom of Russia in order to gain an upper hand, but with little success. Ultimately, Alexander was able to establish control over the entirety of Western Georgia on his own, restoring some of Imereti's lost prestige; however, this consolidation proved relatively short lived. By the time of Alexander death in 1660, Western Georgia had reverted back to the state of internal struggles and instability, which had become characteristic of Georgia as a whole following the collapse of the Georgian realm. Reign Alexander succeeded upon the death of his father, George III of Imereti, in 1639. At this time, Imereti was very weakened ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tsardom Of Russia
The Tsardom of Russia, also known as the Tsardom of Moscow, was the centralized Russian state from the assumption of the title of tsar by Ivan the Terrible, Ivan IV in 1547 until the foundation of the Russian Empire by Peter the Great in 1721. From 1550 to 1700, Russia grew by an average of per year. The period includes the Time of Troubles, upheavals of the transition from the Rurik Dynasty, Rurik to the House of Romanov, Romanov dynasties, wars with the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Swedish Empire, Sweden, and the Ottoman Empire, and the Russian conquest of Siberia, to the reign of Peter the Great, who took power in 1689 and transformed the tsardom into an empire. During the Great Northern War, he implemented government reform of Peter I, substantial reforms and proclaimed the Russian Empire after Treaty of Nystad, victory over Sweden in 1721. Name While the oldest Endonym and exonym, endonyms of the Grand Principality of Moscow used in its documents were "Rus'" () and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johann Anton Güldenstädt
Johann Anton Güldenstädt (26 April 1745 in Riga, Latvia – 23 March 1781 in St. Petersburg, Russia) was a Baltic German natural history, naturalist and explorer in Russian service. Güldenstädt lost both his parents early, and from 1763 onwards studied pharmacy, botany and natural history in Berlin. At the age of 22, he obtained his doctorate in medicine at the Viadrina European University, University of Frankfurt in 1767. In the following year, he joined the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian Imperial Academy of Sciences' expedition sent by Catherine II of Russia to explore the Russian empire's southern frontier. Güldenstädt travelled through Ukraine and the Astrakhan Oblast, Astrakhan region, as well as the northern Caucasus and Georgia (country), Georgia, both of which were almost entirely beyond the borders of the Russian empire. In March 1775 he returned to St Petersburg. The results of the expedition and Güldenstädt's edited expedition journal were published afte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean Chardin
Jean Chardin (16 November 1643 – 5 January 1713), born Jean-Baptiste Chardin, and also known as Sir John Chardin, was a French jeweller and traveller whose ten-volume book ''The Travels of Sir John Chardin'' is regarded as one of the finest works of early Western scholarship on Safavid Iran and the Near East in general. Life and work He was born in Paris, son of a wealthy merchant, jeweller of the Place Dauphine, and followed his father's business. In 1664, he started working for the East Indies with M. Raisin, a Lyon merchant. They journeyed by Constantinople and the Black Sea, reaching Persia in early 1666. The same year the shah, Abbas II, made Chardin his agent for the purchase of jewels. In the mid-1667, he visited India and returned to Persia in 1669, and in the next year he arrived in Paris. He issued an account of some events to which he was an eyewitness in Persia, entitled ''Le Couronnement de Soleiman Troisième'' Paris, 1671. A learned nobleman, Mirza Sefi, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ambrogio Contarini
Ambrogio Contarini (1429–1499) was a Venetian nobleman, merchant and diplomat known for an account of his travel to Iran, where he met Giosafat Barbaro.Bertotti, Filippo (1992), "Contarini, Ambrogio", in: ''Encyclopædia Iranica'', Vol. VI, Fasc. 2, p. 220Online (Accessed February 21, 2012) Life Ambrogio Contarini was a member of the patrician family of Contarini and spent his youth in the Ottoman capital of Constantinople as a merchant. He left the city after the Ottoman–Venetian war began in 1463. In 1470, he was aboard the ''Aegeus'', fighting the Ottomans at sea. The Republic of Venice sought to forge a larger alliance against the Ottoman Empire and sent Contarini with a diplomatic mission to Uzun Hassan, the Iranian ruler of the Aq Qoyunlu clan. He left Venice in February 1474, traveled through Austria, Poland, and the Caucasus. He reached Tabriz in August 1474. In October, he met Uzun Hassan at his capital of Isfahan. He was kindly received, but the Venetian propo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
