Sir Thomas Cullum, 1st Baronet
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Sir Thomas Cullum, 1st Baronet
Sir Thomas Cullum, 1st Baronet (1587 – 6 April 1664) was an English businessman and holder of civic offices including Sheriff of London. In later years he retired to Hardwick House, Suffolk. Life Cullum, baptised on 28 April 1587, was the second son of John Cullum of Thorndon, Suffolk, and Rebecca, daughter of Thomas Smith of Bacton in the same county. As a younger son he was sent in 1607 to London and apprenticed to one John Rayney, a draper, and on the expiration of his apprenticeship was taken by his master into partnership. Cullum by shrewdness and industry amassed a large fortune in his business in Gracechurch Street, and became an alderman and a member of the Drapers' Company. He married in 1623 Mary, daughter and coheiress of Nicholas Crisp, alderman of London, through whom he became related to the Royalist Sir Nicholas Crisp; like him he espoused the royal cause during the Civil War. Cullum and his wife had two sons and two daughters, and six other children who died in ...
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Sir Thomas Cullum (1587–1664), 1st Bt, Draper
''Sir'' is a formal honorific address in English for men, derived from Sire in the High Middle Ages. Both are derived from the old French "" (Lord), brought to England by the French-speaking Normans, and which now exist in French only as part of "", with the equivalent "My Lord" in English. Traditionally, as governed by law and custom, Sir is used for men who are knights and belong to certain orders of chivalry, as well as later applied to baronets and other offices. As the female equivalent for knighthood is damehood, the ''suo jure'' female equivalent term is typically Dame. The wife of a knight or baronet tends to be addressed as Lady, although a few exceptions and interchanges of these uses exist. Additionally, since the late modern period, Sir has been used as a respectful way to address a man of superior social status or military rank. Equivalent terms of address for women are Madam (shortened to Ma'am), in addition to social honorifics such as Mrs, Ms, or Miss. Etymo ...
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Hardwick House Suffolk George Hollis After John Chessell Buckler
Hardwick and Hardwicke are common place names in England—this is from the Old English pre-7th century word "heorde", meaning a "herd or flock", with "wic", which like the later Viking word "thorp" described an outlying farm or settlement, which was dependent on a larger village. In some cases, "Hardwick" and "Hardwicke" are interchangeable and the spelling has evolved over time. Places United Kingdom * Hardwick, Buckinghamshire * Hardwick, Cambridgeshire * Hardwick Hall, Derbyshire, home of Bess of Hardwick * Hardwick Hall, County Durham ** Hardwick Hall Country Park * Hardwick, County Durham * Hardwick, Lincolnshire * Hardwick, Monmouthshire * Hardwick, Norfolk ** RAF Hardwick, Norfolk * Hardwick, Northamptonshire * Hardwick, Cherwell, Oxfordshire * Hardwick, West Oxfordshire, Oxfordshire * Hardwick, Rutland, a lost settlement in the United Kingdom * Hardwick, Suffolk * Hardwick, Walsall, an area in Walsall * Hardwick Village, Nottinghamshire * East Hardwick, West York ...
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Prisoners In The Tower Of London
A prisoner, also known as an inmate or detainee, is a person who is deprived of liberty against their will. This can be by confinement or captivity in a prison or physical restraint. The term usually applies to one serving a sentence in prison. English law "Prisoner" is a legal term for a person who is imprisoned. In section 1 of the Prison Security Act 1992, the word "prisoner" means any person for the time being in a prison as a result of any requirement imposed by a court or otherwise that he be detained in legal custody. "Prisoner" was a legal term for a person prosecuted for felony. It was not applicable to a person prosecuted for misdemeanour. The abolition of the distinction between felony and misdemeanour by section 1 of the Criminal Law Act 1967 has rendered this distinction obsolete. Glanville Williams described as "invidious" the practice of using the term "prisoner" in reference to a person who had not been convicted. History The earliest evidence of the exi ...
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Businesspeople From Suffolk
A businessperson, also referred to as a businessman or businesswoman, is an individual who has founded, owns, or holds shares in (including as an angel investor) a private-sector company. A businessperson undertakes activities (commercial or industrial) to generate cash flow, sales, and revenue by using a combination of human, financial, intellectual, and physical capital to fuel economic development and growth. History Medieval period: Rise of the merchant class Merchants emerged as a social class in medieval Italy. Between 1300 and 1500, modern accounting, the bill of exchange, and limited liability were invented, and thus, the world saw "the first true bankers", who were certainly businesspeople. Around the same time, Europe saw the " emergence of rich merchants." This "rise of the merchant class" came as Europe "needed a middleman" for the first time, and these "burghers" or "bourgeois" were the people who played this role. Renaissance to Enlightenment: Rise of t ...
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Drapers
Draper was originally a term for a retailer or wholesaler of cloth that was mainly for clothing. A draper may additionally operate as a cloth merchant or a haberdasher. History Drapers were an important trade guild during the medieval period, when the sellers of cloth operated out of drapers' shops. However the original meaning of the term has now largely fallen out of use. In 1724, Jonathan Swift wrote a series of satirical pamphlets in the guise of a draper called the ''Drapier's Letters''. Historical drapers A number of notable people who have at one time or another worked as drapers include: * Sir Thomas Adams, 1st Baronet (1586–1667/1668), Lord Mayor of the City of London * William Barley (1565?–1614), bookseller and publisher * Norman Birkett * Margaret Bondfield * Thomas Burberry, Founder of fashion brand "Burberry" * Eleanor Coade (1733–1821), successful businesswoman with Coade stone * John Graunt, founder of the science of demography * Antonie van Lee ...
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1664 Deaths
Events January–March * January 5 – Battle of Surat in India: The Maratha leader, Chhatrapati Shivaji, defeats the Mughal Army Captain Inayat Khan, and sacks Surat. * January 7 – Indian entrepreneur Virji Vora, described in the 17th century by the English East India Company as the richest merchant in the world, suffers the loss of a large portion of his wealth when the Maratha troops of Shivaji plunder his residence at Surat and his business warehouses. * February 2 – Jesuit missionary Johann Grueber arrives in Rome after a 214-day journey that had started in Beijing, proving that commerce can be had between Europe and Asia by land rather than ship. * February 12 – The Treaty of Pisa is signed between France and the Papal States to bring an end to the Corsican Guard Affair that began on August 20, 1662, when the French ambassador was shot and killed by soldiers in the employ of Pope Alexander VII. * February 14 – A peace treaty i ...
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1587 Births
Events January–March * January 7 – Sir Walter Raleigh appoints John White to be the Governor of the Roanoke Colony, to be established later in the year by English colonists on Roanoke Island off the coast of what is now the U.S. state of North Carolina.Andrew Lawler, '' The Secret Token: Myth, Obsession, and the Search for the Lost Colony of Roanoke'' (Doubleday, 2018) pp.90, 181-182 White and 121 other colonists depart from Portsmouth on three ships on May 8 and arrive at Croatoan Island on July 22. * January 14 – In Japan, Chancellor of the Realm Toyotomi Hideyoshi ends Portugal's control of the port of Nagasaki after six years. Omura Sumitada had leased the fishing village to Portuguese Jesuits on August 15, 1580. * February 5 – (1st waxing of Tabaung 948 ME) King Nanda of Burma appoints his eldest son and heir apparent, Minye Kyawswa II, as Viceroy of Ava, now part of upper Burma, with a capital at Inwa (located in what is now the Mandalay ...
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Stuart Restoration
The Stuart Restoration was the reinstatement in May 1660 of the Stuart monarchy in Kingdom of England, England, Kingdom of Scotland, Scotland, and Kingdom of Ireland, Ireland. It replaced the Commonwealth of England, established in January 1649 after the execution of Charles I, with his son Charles II of England, Charles II. The Commonwealth of England had been governed by Lord Protector Oliver Cromwell and then his son Richard Cromwell. The term is also used to describe the reign of Charles II (1660–1685), and sometimes that of his younger brother King James II, James II (1685–1688). The Protectorate After Richard Cromwell, Lord Protector from 1658 to 1659, ceded power to the Rump Parliament, Charles Fleetwood and John Lambert (general), John Lambert then dominated government for a year. On 20 October 1659, George Monck, the governor of Scotland under the Cromwells, marched south with his army from Scotland to oppose Fleetwood and Lambert. Lambert's a ...
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Bury St Edmunds
Bury St Edmunds (), commonly referred to locally as ''Bury,'' is a cathedral as well as market town and civil parish in the West Suffolk District, West Suffolk district, in the county of Suffolk, England.OS Explorer map 211: Bury St. Edmunds and Stowmarket Scale: . Publisher:Ordnance Survey – Southampton A2 edition. Publishing Date:2008. The town is best known for Bury St Edmunds Abbey and St Edmundsbury Cathedral. Bury is the seat of the Diocese of St Edmundsbury and Ipswich of the Church of England, with the episcopal see at St Edmundsbury Cathedral. The town, originally called Beodericsworth, was built on a grid pattern by Abbot Baldwin around 1080. It is known for brewing and malting (Greene King brewery) and for a British Sugar processing factory, where Silver Spoon sugar is produced. The town is the cultural and retail centre for West Suffolk and tourism is a major part of the economy. The built up area had a population of 41,280 at the 2021 United Kingdom census, 2021 c ...
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Hardwick, Suffolk
Hardwick is a former civil parish, now in the parish of Bury St Edmunds, in the West Suffolk district, in the county of Suffolk, England. In 1971 the parish had a population of 4. History The name "Hardwick" means 'Herd farm'. Hardwick was an extra-parochial area, it belonged to Bury Abbey and contained Hardwick House, it became a civil parish in 1858. In 1889 it became part of the administrative county of West Suffolk and in 1894 it became part of Thingoe Rural District. In 1937 the ecclesiastical parish A parish is a territorial entity in many Christianity, Christian denominations, constituting a division within a diocese. A parish is under the pastoral care and clerical jurisdiction of a priest#Christianity, priest, often termed a parish pries ... was abolished and merged with Norton. In 1974 it became part of the St Edmundsbury district in the non-metropolitan county of Suffolk. On 1 April 1988 the civil parish was abolished and the area became unparished. In 2003 ...
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John Gayer (Lord Mayor Of London)
John Gayer or Gayre (baptised 1584 - died 20 July 1649) was an English merchant who was Lord Mayor of London in 1646. Life He was born in Plymouth and baptised in 1584. He was the eldest son of John Gayer senior, a merchant, and Margaret Trelawney. Both his parents were Cornish people, Cornish by birth: the Gayer family came originally from Liskeard. Gayer moved to London, and at one stage of his career spent some years in Syria, where a strange event later led him to institute the Lion sermon. He became a city of London merchant and a member of the Worshipful Company of Fishmongers. He was one of the Court Assistants from 1617 to 1618, from 1622 to 1623, and from 1624 to 1626. He was a member of the committee of the East India Company from 1626 to 1635 and was one of the Court Assistants from 1627 to 1630. In 1630, he became Treasurer of the Levant Company for two years. He was one of the Court Assistants from 1632 to 1636 and was a member of the committee of the East India Comp ...
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