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Simon Pasternack
Simon Pasternack (1914–January 26, 1976) was a North American theoretical physicist and editor of ''Physical Review''. He is known for the Pasternack effect in the spectrum of hydrogen, which later became known as the Lamb shift. Kramers–Pasternack recursion relations for the fine structure and Bateman–Pasternack polynomials are also named after him. Life Pasternack graduated from University of Alberta, and obtained a PhD from California Institute of Technology in 1939. His thesis was titled "Transition Probabilities of Forbidden Lines" and his doctoral advisor was William V. Houston. He held teaching positions in San Bernardino Valley College and University of Pennsylvania, until joining the staff he joined the Brookhaven National Laboratory from 1947 to 1951. He was also chairman of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP), and editor of ''Physical Review'' from 1951. He shared the editorial board with Samuel Goudsmit as editor-in-chief, Pas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blue Point, New York
Blue Point is a Hamlet (New York), hamlet and census-designated place in Suffolk County, New York, Suffolk County on Long Island, New York (state), New York, United States. The population was 5,156 at the 2020 United States census, 2020 census. Blue Point is in the Brookhaven, New York, Town of Brookhaven. Geography According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , of which is land and 0.56% is water. Demographics As of the census of 2000, there were 4,407 people, 1,571 households, and 1,178 families residing in the CDP. The population density was . There were 1,664 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the CDP was 96.41% White (U.S. Census), White, 0.68% African American (U.S. Census), African American, 0.11% Native American (U.S. Census), Native American, 1.07% Asian (U.S. Census), Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander Americans, Pacific Islander, 0.84% from Race (United States Census), other races, and 0.86% from two or more races. H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theodore Maiman
Theodore Harold Maiman (July 11, 1927 – May 5, 2007) was an American engineer and physicist who is widely credited with the invention of the laser.Johnson, John Jr. (May 11, 2008). "Theodore H. Maiman, at age 32; scientist created the first LASER". ''Los Angeles Times'' Maiman's laser led to the subsequent development of many other types of lasers. The laser was successfully fired on May 16, 1960. In a July 7, 1960, press conference in Manhattan, Maiman and his employer, Hughes Aircraft Company, announced the laser to the world. Maiman was granted a patent for his invention,Maiman, Theodore H. (1961) "Ruby laser systems " and he received many awards and honors for his work. His experiences in developing the first laser and subsequent related events are recounted in his book, ''The Laser Odyssey'', later being republished in 2018 under a new title, ''The Laser Inventor: Memoirs of Theodore H. Maiman''. Early and student life Maiman was born in Los Angeles to a Jewish family. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
American Physical Society
The American Physical Society (APS) is a not-for-profit membership organization of professionals in physics and related disciplines, comprising nearly fifty divisions, sections, and other units. Its mission is the advancement and diffusion of knowledge of physics. It publishes more than a dozen scientific journals, including the prestigious '' Physical Review'' and ''Physical Review Letters'', and organizes more than twenty science meetings each year. It is a member society of the American Institute of Physics. Since January 2021, it is led by chief executive officer Jonathan Bagger. History The American Physical Society was founded on May 20, 1899, when thirty-six physicists gathered at Columbia University for that purpose. They proclaimed the mission of the new Society to be "to advance and diffuse the knowledge of physics", and in one way or another the APS has been at that task ever since. In the early years, virtually the sole activity of the APS was to hold scientific m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hydrogen-like Atom
A hydrogen-like atom (or hydrogenic atom) is any atom or ion with a single valence electron. These atoms are isoelectronic with hydrogen. Examples of hydrogen-like atoms include, but are not limited to, hydrogen itself, all alkali metals such as Rb and Cs, singly ionized alkaline earth metals such as Ca+ and Sr+ and other ions such as He+, Li2+, and Be3+ and isotopes of any of the above. A hydrogen-like atom includes a positively charged core consisting of the atomic nucleus and any core electrons as well as a single valence electron. Because helium is common in the universe, the spectroscopy of singly ionized helium is important in EUV astronomy, for example, of DO white dwarf stars. The non-relativistic Schrödinger equation and relativistic Dirac equation for the hydrogen atom can be solved analytically, owing to the simplicity of the two-particle physical system. The one-electron wave function solutions are referred to as ''hydrogen-like atomic orbitals''. Hydrogen-li ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neutron Scattering
Neutron scattering, the irregular dispersal of free neutrons by matter, can refer to either the naturally occurring physical process itself or to the man-made experimental techniques that use the natural process for investigating materials. The natural/physical phenomenon is of elemental importance in nuclear engineering and the nuclear sciences. Regarding the experimental technique, understanding and manipulating neutron scattering is fundamental to the applications used in crystallography, physics, physical chemistry, biophysics, and materials research. Neutron scattering is practiced at research reactors and spallation neutron sources that provide neutron radiation of varying intensities. Neutron diffraction (elastic scattering) techniques are used for analyzing structures; where inelastic neutron scattering is used in studying atomic vibrations and other excitations. Scattering of fast neutrons "Fast neutrons" (see neutron temperature) have a kinetic energy abo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harry Bateman
Harry Bateman FRS (29 May 1882 – 21 January 1946) was an English mathematician with a specialty in differential equations of mathematical physics. With Ebenezer Cunningham, he expanded the views of spacetime symmetry of Lorentz and Poincare to a more expansive conformal group of spacetime leaving Maxwell's equations invariant. Moving to the US, he obtained a Ph.D. in geometry with Frank Morley and became a professor of mathematics at California Institute of Technology. There he taught fluid dynamics to students going into aerodynamics with Theodore von Karman. Bateman made a broad survey of applied differential equations in his Gibbs Lecture in 1943 titled, "The control of an elastic fluid". Biography Bateman was born in Manchester, England, on 29 May 1882. He first gained an interest in mathematics during his time at Manchester Grammar School. In his final year, he won a scholarship to Trinity College, Cambridge. Bateman studied with coach Robert Alfred Herman to prepa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quantum Electrodynamics
In particle physics, quantum electrodynamics (QED) is the Theory of relativity, relativistic quantum field theory of electrodynamics. In essence, it describes how light and matter interact and is the first theory where full agreement between quantum mechanics and special relativity is achieved. QED mathematically describes all phenomenon, phenomena involving electric charge, electrically charged particles interacting by means of exchange of photons and represents the quantum mechanics, quantum counterpart of classical electromagnetism giving a complete account of matter and light interaction. In technical terms, QED can be described as a perturbation theory (quantum mechanics), perturbation theory of the electromagnetic Quantum vacuum state, quantum vacuum. Richard Feynman called it "the jewel of physics" for its precision tests of QED, extremely accurate predictions of quantities like the anomalous magnetic moment of the electron and the Lamb shift of the energy levels of hydrogen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Retherford
Robert Curtis Retherford (1912–1981) was an American physicist. He was a graduate student of Willis Lamb at Columbia Radiation Laboratory. Retherford and Lamb performed the famous experiment (now known as the ''Lamb–Retherford experiment'') revealing Lamb shift in the fine structure of hydrogen, a decisive experimental step toward a new understanding of quantum electrodynamics. See also *Quantum electrodynamics *Lamb shift In physics, the Lamb shift, named after Willis Lamb, is an anomalous difference in energy between two electron orbitals in a hydrogen atom. The difference was not predicted by theory and it cannot be derived from the Dirac equation, which pre ... References {{DEFAULTSORT:Retherford, Robert 20th-century American physicists 1912 births 1981 deaths Columbia University alumni American Eugenics Society members ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Willis Lamb
Willis Eugene Lamb Jr. (; July 12, 1913 – May 15, 2008) was an American physicist who shared the 1955 Nobel Prize in Physics with Polykarp Kusch "for his discoveries concerning the fine structure of the hydrogen spectrum". Lamb was able to precisely determine a surprising shift in electron energies in a hydrogen atom (see Lamb shift). Lamb was a professor at the University of Arizona College of Optical Sciences. Biography Lamb was born in Los Angeles, California, United States and attended Los Angeles High School. First admitted in 1930, he received a Bachelor of Science in chemistry from the University of California, Berkeley in 1934. For theoretical work on scattering of neutrons by a crystal, guided by J. Robert Oppenheimer, he received the Ph.D. in physics in 1938. Because of limited computational methods available at the time, this research narrowly missed revealing the Mössbauer Effect, 19 years before its recognition by Mössbauer. He worked on nuclear theory, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roswell Clifton Gibbs
Roswell Clifton Gibbs (July 1, 1878 – October 4, 1966) was Chairman of the Department of Physics at Cornell University from 1934 to 1946. A graduate of Cornell, he became an assistant professor of Physics there in 1912, and a professor in 1918. His research primarily concerned spectroscopy, and he was the author or co-author of over forty research papers. As Chairman of the Department of Physics, he hired distinguished physicists including Stanley Livingston, Robert Bacher and Hans Bethe, who later won the Nobel Prize in Physics for his work at Cornell. After World War II, Gibbs was Chairman of the Mathematical and Physical Sciences Division of the National Research Council. Early life Roswell Clifton Gibbs was born in Hume, New York, on July 1, 1878, the son of Orlando Charles Gibbs and his wife Frances née Beaderslee. He was educated at schools in Hume and Pike, New York. He married Clara Laura Davis on 22 August 1901. In 1903, he entered Cornell University, from w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robley C
Robley is a given name and surname which may refer to: Given name * Robley Dunglison (1798–1869), English physician * Robley D. Evans (admiral) (1846–1912), United States Navy rear admiral * Robley D. Evans (physicist) (1907–1995), American physicist * Robley Hall, American politician * Robley D. Jones (1860–1917), American politician and judge * Robley Rex (1901–2009), one of the last two World War I-era veterans (enlisted 1919) * Robley S. Rigdon, retired Georgia Army National Guard brigadier general * Robley C. Williams (1908–1995), American biologist and virologist * Robley Wilson (1930–2018), American poet, writer, and editor Surname * Horatio Gordon Robley (1840–1930), British soldier, artist, and collector of the macabre * Philip Robley (1945–2013), ring name Buck Robley, American professional wrestler * Rob R. Robley, one of Robbie Rotten's disguises in ''LazyTown ''LazyTown'' () is an Icelandic children's educational musical television series ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
