|
Similar Signs
Similarity may refer to: In mathematics and computing * Similarity (geometry), the property of sharing the same shape * Matrix similarity, a relation between matrices * Similarity measure, a function that quantifies the similarity of two objects ** Cosine similarity, which uses the angle between vectors ** String metric, also called string similarity ** Semantic similarity, in computational linguistics In linguistics * Lexical similarity * Semantic similarity In other fields * Similitude (model), in engineering, describing the geometric, kinematic and dynamic 'likeness' of two or more systems * Similarity (psychology) * Similarity (philosophy) * Similarity (signal processing) * Musical similarity * Chemical similarity * Similarity (network science) * Structural similarity * Similar (film), ''Similar'' (film), an upcoming South Korean film See also * * Same (other) * Difference (other) * Equality (mathematics) * Identity (philosophy) {{disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Similarity (geometry)
In Euclidean geometry, two objects are similar if they have the same shape, or if one has the same shape as the mirror image of the other. More precisely, one can be obtained from the other by uniformly scaling (geometry), scaling (enlarging or reducing), possibly with additional translation (geometry), translation, rotation (mathematics), rotation and reflection (mathematics), reflection. This means that either object can be rescaled, repositioned, and reflected, so as to coincide precisely with the other object. If two objects are similar, each is congruence (geometry), congruent to the result of a particular uniform scaling of the other. For example, all circles are similar to each other, all squares are similar to each other, and all equilateral triangles are similar to each other. On the other hand, ellipses are not all similar to each other, rectangles are not all similar to each other, and isosceles triangles are not all similar to each other. This is because two ellipse ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Similarity (signal Processing)
Similarity between two different signals is important in the field of signal processing. Below are some common methods for calculating similarity. For instance, let's consider two signals represented as x, n/math> and y, n/math>, where m = 0, 1, 2, ..., M-1 and n = 0, 1, 2, ..., N-1. Maximum error (ME) Measuring the maximum magnitude of the difference between two signals. Maximum error is useful for assessing the worst-case scenario of prediction accuracy ME= \max(\left, y ,nx ,n\) Mean squared error (MSE) Measuring the average squared difference between two signals. Unlike the maximum error, mean squared error takes into account the overall magnitude and spread of errors, offering a comprehensive assessment of the difference between the two signals. MSE= \frac \sum_^ \sum_^ \left, y ,nx ,n\^2 Normalized mean square error (NMSE) NMSE is an extension of MSE. It is calculated by normalizing the MSE with the signal power, enabling fair comparisons across differen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Difference (other)
Difference commonly refers to: * Difference (philosophy), the set of properties by which items are distinguished * Difference (mathematics), the result of a subtraction Difference, The Difference, Differences or Differently may also refer to: Music * ''Difference'' (album), by Dreamtale, 2005 * ''The Difference'' (album), Pendleton, 2008 * "The Difference" (The Wallflowers song), 1997 * "Differences" (song), by Ginuwine, 2001 * ''Differently'' (album), by Cassie Davis, 2009 ** "Differently" (song), by Cassie Davis, 2009 * "Difference", a song by Benjamin Clementine from the 2022 album ''And I Have Been'' * "The Difference", a song by Matchbox Twenty from the 2002 album '' More Than You Think You Are'' * "The Difference", a song by Westlife from the 2009 album ''Where We Are'' * "The Difference", a song by Nick Jonas from the 2016 album '' Last Year Was Complicated'' * "The Difference", a song by Meek Mill featuring Quavo, from the 2016 mixtape '' DC4'' * "The Difference", a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Same (other)
Same may refer to: * Sameness or identity * '' Idem,'' Latin term for "the same" used in citations Places * Same (Homer), an island mentioned by Homer in the ''Odyssey'' * Same (polis), an ancient city * Same, Timor-Leste, the capital of the Manufahi district * Samé, Mali * Same, Tanzania * Same District, Tanzania Other uses * SAME Deutz-Fahr, an Italian manufacturer of tractors, combine harvesters and engines * SAME (tractors), a brand of SAME Deutz-Fahr * S-adenosyl methionine or SAMe, an amino acid * Society of American Military Engineers * Specific Area Message Encoding, a coding system within the Emergency Alert System in the United States * Governor Francisco Gabrielli International Airport, Argentina, ICAO code "SAME" * "Same", a song by Snow Patrol from ''Final Straw'' * "Same", a song by Oneohtrix Point Never from ''Age Of'' * The Same, a punk band * Syndrome of apparent mineralocorticoid excess, an autosomal recessive disorder causing hypertension and hypok ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Similar (film)
''Ditto'' () is a 2022 South Korean science fiction romantic drama film written and directed by Seo Eun-young, starring Yeo Jin-goo, Cho Yi-hyun, Kim Hye-yoon, Na In-woo and Bae In-hyuk. Remake of the 2000 film of the same name, it depicts story of love and friendship that takes place when a man and woman living in different time periods, communicate through a ham radio by chance. It was released theatrically on November 16, 2022. Synopsis Kim Yong is a college junior living in the year 1999, and Mo-nee living in the year 2022 is a sophomore of the same university. The two happen to get their hands on an old ham radio. During the total lunar eclipse A lunar eclipse is an astronomical event that occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. Such an alignment occurs during an eclipse season, approximately every six months, during the full moon phase, ... in 1999 and 2022, the pair is magically able to communicate with one ano ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Structural Similarity
The structural similarity index measure (SSIM) is a method for predicting the perceived quality of digital television and cinematic pictures, as well as other kinds of digital images and videos. It is also used for measuring the similarity between two images. The SSIM index is a full reference metric; in other words, the measurement or prediction of image quality is based on an initial uncompressed or distortion-free image as reference. SSIM is a perception-based model that considers image degradation as perceived change in structural information, while also incorporating important perceptual phenomena, including both luminance masking and contrast masking terms. This distinguishes from other techniques such as mean squared error (MSE) or peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) that instead estimate absolute errors. Structural information is the idea that the pixels have strong inter-dependencies especially when they are spatially close. These dependencies carry important informat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Similarity (network Science)
Similarity in network analysis occurs when two nodes (or other more elaborate structures) fall in the same equivalence class. There are three fundamental approaches to constructing measures of network similarity: structural equivalence, automorphic equivalence, and regular equivalence.Newman, M.E.J. 2010. ''Networks: An Introduction.'' Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. There is a hierarchy of the three equivalence concepts: any set of structural equivalences are also automorphic and regular equivalences. Any set of automorphic equivalences are also regular equivalences. Not all regular equivalences are necessarily automorphic or structural; and not all automorphic equivalences are necessarily structural. Visualizing similarity and distance Clustering tools Agglomerative Hierarchical clustering of nodes on the basis of the similarity of their profiles of ties to other nodes provides a joining tree or Dendrogram that visualizes the degree of similarity among cases - and c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chemical Similarity
Chemical similarity (or molecular similarity) refers to the similarity of chemical elements, molecules or chemical compounds with respect to either structural or functional qualities, i.e. the effect that the chemical compound has on reaction partners in inorganic or biological settings. Biological effects and thus also similarity of effects are usually quantified using the biological activity of a compound. In general terms, function can be related to the chemical activity of compounds (among others). The notion of ''chemical similarity'' (or ''molecular similarity'') is one of the most important concepts in cheminformatics. It plays an important role in modern approaches to predicting the properties of chemical compounds, designing chemicals with a predefined set of properties and, especially, in conducting drug design studies by screening large databases containing structures of available (or potentially available) chemicals. These studies are based on the similar property prin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Musical Similarity
The notion of musical similarity is particularly complex because there are numerous dimensions of similarity. If similarity takes place between different fragments from one musical piece, a musical similarity implies a repetition of the first occurring fragment. As well, eventually, the similarity does not occur by direct repetition, but by presenting in two (or more) set of relations, some common values or patterns. Objective musical similarity can be based on musical features such as: Pitched parameters * Pitch interval similarity * Melodic similarity * Modulation pattern similarity * Timbral similarity Non-pitched parameters * Metrical structure similarity * Rhythmic pattern similarity * Section structure similarity Semiotic parameters * Modality structure similarity * Extensional similarity * Intensional similarity Nevertheless, similarity can be based also on less objective features such as musical genre, personal history, social context (e.g. music from the 1960s), a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Similarity (philosophy)
In philosophy, similarity or resemblance is a relation between objects that constitutes how much these objects are alike. Similarity comes in degrees: e.g. oranges are more similar to apples than to the moon. It is traditionally seen as an internal relation and analyzed in terms of shared properties: two things are similar because they have a property in common. The more properties they share, the more similar they are. They resemble each other exactly if they share all their properties. So an orange is similar to the moon because they both share the property of being round, but it is even more similar to an apple because additionally, they both share various other properties, like the property of being a fruit. On a formal level, similarity is usually considered to be a relation that is ''reflexive'' (everything resembles itself), ''symmetric'' (if ''a'' is similar to ''b'' then ''b'' is similar to ''a'') and ''non-transitive'' (''a'' need not resemble ''c'' despite ''a'' resemblin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Matrix Similarity
In linear algebra, two ''n''-by-''n'' matrices and are called similar if there exists an invertible ''n''-by-''n'' matrix such that B = P^ A P . Similar matrices represent the same linear map under two possibly different bases, with being the change-of-basis matrix. A transformation is called a similarity transformation or conjugation of the matrix . In the general linear group, similarity is therefore the same as conjugacy, and similar matrices are also called conjugate; however, in a given subgroup of the general linear group, the notion of conjugacy may be more restrictive than similarity, since it requires that be chosen to lie in . Motivating example When defining a linear transformation, it can be the case that a change of basis can result in a simpler form of the same transformation. For example, the matrix representing a rotation in when the axis of rotation is not aligned with the coordinate axis can be complicated to compute. If the axis of rotation were ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Similarity (psychology)
Similarity refers to the psychological degree of identity of two mental representations. It is fundamental to human cognition since it provides the basis for categorization of entities into kinds and for various other cognitive processes. It underpins our ability to interact with unknown entities by predicting how they will behave based on their similarity to entities we are familiar with. Research in cognitive psychology has taken a number of approaches to the concept of similarity. Each of them is related to a particular set of assumptions about knowledge representation. Cognitive psychological approaches Mental distance approaches Mental distance approaches assume that mental representations can be conceptualized as some kind of mental space. Concepts are represented as points within the space. Similarity between concepts is a function of the distance between the concepts in space. Concepts represented by points that are near to each other are more psychologically similar than a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
