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Siksiká
The Blackfoot language, also called Niitsi'powahsin () or Siksiká ( ; , ), is an Algonquian language spoken by the Blackfoot or people, who currently live in the northwestern plains of North America. There are four dialects, three of which are spoken in Alberta, Canada, and one of which is spoken in the United States: / (Blackfoot), to the southeast of Calgary, Alberta; / (Blood, Many Chiefs), spoken in Alberta between Cardston and Lethbridge; / (Northern Piegan), to the west of Fort MacLeod which is Brocket (Piikani) and / (Southern Piegan), in northwestern Montana. The name ''Blackfoot'' probably comes from the blackened soles of the leather shoes that the people wore.Gibson 2003 There is a distinct difference between Old Blackfoot (also called High Blackfoot), the dialect spoken by many older speakers, and New Blackfoot (also called Modern Blackfoot), the dialect spoken by younger speakers. Among the Algonquian languages, Blackfoot is relatively divergent in phono ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siksika Nation
The Siksika Nation (; syllabics , ) is a First Nation in southern Alberta, Canada. The name ''Siksiká'' comes from the Blackfoot words ''sik'' (black) and ''iká'' (foot), with a connector ''s'' between the two words. The plural form of ''Siksiká'' is ''Siksikáwa''. The ''Siksikáwa'' are the northernmost of the ''Niitsítapi'' (Original People), all of whom speak dialects of Blackfoot, an Algonquian language. When European explorers travelled west, they most likely met the ''Siksiká'' first. The four ''Niitsítapi'' nations of the Blackfoot Confederacy are the ''Siksiká'', ''Káínaa'' (Kainai or Blood), ''Aapátohsipikáni'' ( Northern Peigan), and ''Aamsskáápipikani'' ( South Peigan or Montana Blackfoot). The population of the Siksika Nation is approximately 7,800 people. Economic and social stimulus Siksika Resource Development Limited The Siksika nations economic authority is the Siksika Resource Development Limited (SRDL) founded in 1997. They manage a divers ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blackfoot Language
The Blackfoot language, also called Niitsi'powahsin () or Siksiká ( ; , ), is an Algonquian languages, Algonquian language spoken by the Blackfoot Confederacy, Blackfoot or people, who currently live in the northwestern plains of North America. There are four dialects, three of which are spoken in Alberta, Canada, and one of which is spoken in the United States: / (Blackfoot), to the southeast of Calgary, Alberta; / (Blood, Many Chiefs), spoken in Alberta between Cardston and Lethbridge; / (Northern Piegan), to the west of Fort MacLeod which is Brocket (Piikani) and / (Southern Piegan), in northwestern Montana. The name ''Blackfoot'' probably comes from the blackened soles of the leather shoes that the people wore.Gibson 2003 There is a distinct difference between Old Blackfoot (also called High Blackfoot), the dialect spoken by many older speakers, and New Blackfoot (also called Modern Blackfoot), the dialect spoken by younger speakers. Among the Algonquian languages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blackfoot Confederacy
The Blackfoot Confederacy, ''Niitsitapi'', or ''Siksikaitsitapi'' (ᖹᐟᒧᐧᒣᑯ, meaning "the people" or "Blackfoot language, Blackfoot-speaking real people"), is a historic collective name for linguistically related groups that make up the Blackfoot or Blackfeet people: the ''Siksika'' ("Blackfoot"), the ''Kainai Nation, Kainai or Blood'' ("Many Chiefs"), and two sections of the Piegan Blackfeet, Peigan or Piikani ("Splotchy Robe") – the Piikani Nation, Northern Piikani (''Aapátohsipikáni'') and the Blackfeet Nation, Southern Piikani (''Amskapi Piikani'' or ''Pikuni''). Broader definitions include groups such as the ''Tsúùtínà'' (Tsuutʼina Nation, Sarcee) and ''A'aninin'' (Gros Ventre) who spoke quite different languages but allied with or joined the Blackfoot Confederacy. Historically, the member peoples of the Confederacy were nomadic Bison hunting, bison hunters and trout fishermen, who ranged across large areas of the northern Great Plains of western North ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Algic Languages
The Algic languages (also Algonquian–Wiyot–Yurok or Algonquian–Ritwan) are an indigenous language family of North America. Most Algic languages belong to the Algonquian subfamily, dispersed over a broad area from the Rocky Mountains to Atlantic Canada. The other Algic languages are the Yurok and Wiyot of northwestern California, which, despite their geographic proximity, are not closely related to each other. All these languages descend from Proto-Algic, a second-order proto-language estimated to have been spoken about 5,000 years ago and reconstructed using the reconstructed Proto-Algonquian language and the Wiyot and Yurok languages. History The term ''Algic'' was first coined by Henry Schoolcraft in his ''Algic Researches'', published in 1839. Schoolcraft defined the term as "derived from the words Allegheny and Atlantic, in reference to the indigenous people anciently located in this geographical area." Schoolcraft's terminology was not retained. The peoples h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Piikani Nation
The Piikani Nation (, formerly the Peigan Nation) (, ) is a First Nation (or an Indian band as defined by the ''Indian Act''), representing the Indigenous people in Canada known as the Northern Piikani (, ) or simply the Peigan ( or ). History Historically speaking the Blackfoot language and members of the Blackfoot Confederacy (), the Peigan people occupied territory before the 1870s on both sides of what is now the Canada–United States border. The Blackfoot Confederacy signed several treaties with the US and received the Great Northern Reservation, an initially vast reservation in present-day Montana. However, 220 Peigans were massacred by the US Army in 1870 and American authorities pressured the Blackfoot to give up more and more lands to settlers ( were ceded in 1887), leading some Peigans to relocate to Canada and sign Treaty 7 with the Canadian government in 1877. The Peigan are now divided between the Blackfeet Nation ( or "Southern Piikani") based on the Black ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plains Algonquian Languages
The Plains Algonquian languages are commonly grouped together as a subgroup of the larger Algonquian family, itself a member of the Algic family. Though the grouping is often encountered in the literature, it is an areal grouping rather than a genetic one. In other words, the languages are grouped together because they were spoken near one another, not because they are more closely related to one another than to any other Algonquian language. Most studies indicate that within the Algonquian family, only Eastern Algonquian constitutes a separate genetic subgroup. Family The Plains Algonquian languages are well known for having diverged significantly from Proto-Algonquian (the parent of all Algonquian languages), both phonologically and lexically. For example, Proto-Algonquian ''*keriwa'', "eagle", becomes Cheyenne ''netse''; Proto-Algonquian ''*weθali'', "her husband", becomes Arapaho ''ííx'', ''*nepyi'', "water" becomes Gros Ventre ''níc'', ''*wa·poswa'', "hare" beco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agglutinative Language
An agglutinative language is a type of language that primarily forms words by stringing together morphemes (word parts)—each typically representing a single grammatical meaning—without significant modification to their forms ( agglutinations). In such languages, affixes ( prefixes, suffixes, infixes, or circumfixes) are added to a root word in a linear and systematic way, creating complex words that encode detailed grammatical information. This structure allows for a high degree of transparency, as the boundaries between morphemes are usually clear and their meanings consistent. Agglutinative languages are a subset of synthetic languages. Within this category, they are distinguished from fusional languages, where morphemes often blend or change form to express multiple grammatical functions, and from polysynthetic languages, which can combine numerous morphemes into single words with complex meanings. Examples of agglutinative languages include Turkish, Finnish, Japane ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fusional Language
Fusional languages or inflected languages are a type of synthetic language, distinguished from agglutinative languages by their tendency to use single inflectional morphemes to denote multiple grammatical, syntactic, or semantic features. For example, the Spanish verb ''comer'' ("to eat") has the first-person singular preterite tense form ''comí'' ("I ate"); the single suffix ''-í'' represents ''both'' the features of first-person singular agreement and preterite tense, instead of having a separate affix for each feature. Another illustration of fusionality is the Latin word ("good"). The ending denotes masculine gender, nominative case, and singular number. Changing any one of these features requires replacing the suffix with a different one. In the form , the ending denotes masculine accusative singular, neuter accusative singular, or neuter nominative singular. Indo-European languages Many Indo-European languages feature fusional morphology, including: * Balto ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polysemy
Polysemy ( or ; ) is the capacity for a Sign (semiotics), sign (e.g. a symbol, morpheme, word, or phrase) to have multiple related meanings. For example, a word can have several word senses. Polysemy is distinct from ''monosemy'', where a word has a single meaning. Polysemy is distinct from homonymy—or homophone, homophony—which is an Accident (philosophy), accidental similarity between two or more words (such as ''bear'' the animal, and the verb wikt:bear#Etymology 2, ''bear''); whereas homonymy is a mere linguistic coincidence, polysemy is not. In discerning whether a given set of meanings represent polysemy or homonymy, it is often necessary to look at the history of the word to see whether the two meanings are historically related. Lexicography, Dictionary writers often list polysemes (words or phrases with different, but related, senses) in the same entry (that is, under the same headword) and enter homonyms as separate headwords (usually with a numbering convention such ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Word Order
In linguistics, word order (also known as linear order) is the order of the syntactic constituents of a language. Word order typology studies it from a cross-linguistic perspective, and examines how languages employ different orders. Correlations between orders found in different syntactic sub-domains are also of interest. The primary word orders that are of interest are * the ''constituent order'' of a clause, namely the relative order of subject, object, and verb; * the order of modifiers (adjectives, numerals, demonstratives, possessives, and adjuncts) in a noun phrase; * the order of adverbials. Some languages use relatively fixed word order, often relying on the order of constituents to convey grammatical information. Other languages—often those that convey grammatical information through inflection—allow more flexible word order, which can be used to encode pragmatic information, such as topicalisation or focus. However, even languages with flexible word order ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canada
Canada is a country in North America. Its Provinces and territories of Canada, ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, making it the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, second-largest country by total area, with the List of countries by length of coastline, world's longest coastline. Its Canada–United States border, border with the United States is the world's longest international land border. The country is characterized by a wide range of both Temperature in Canada, meteorologic and Geography of Canada, geological regions. With Population of Canada, a population of over 41million people, it has widely varying population densities, with the majority residing in List of the largest population centres in Canada, urban areas and large areas of the country being sparsely populated. Canada's capital is Ottawa and List of census metropolitan areas and agglomerations in Canada, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
