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Shōwa (1312–1317)
or Medieval Showa was a after ''Ōchō'' and before '' Bunpō.'' This period spanned the years from March 1312 through February 1317. The reigning emperor was . Etymology The era name is derived from the ''Old Book of Tang'', a Classical Chinese work composed in AD 941–945. The first character is ''shō'' (正), meaning "proper, straight, true", while 和 (''wa'') means "peace," and may also pun on ''Wa'' (倭), an ancient name for Japan. The era name is pronounced like the Shōwa era of 1926–1989, but that era name is written with the character 昭 ("illustrious") for ''shō''. Change of era * 1311 : The new era name was created to mark an event or series of events. The previous era ended and the new one commenced in ''Ōchō'' 2. Events of the ''Shōwa'' era Initially, former- Emperor Fushimi administered the court up through the time he took the tonsure as a Buddhist monk. * 1313 (''Shōwa 2, 10th month''): Retired Emperor Fushimi shaved his head and became a Buddh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hirohito
, Posthumous name, posthumously honored as , was the 124th emperor of Japan according to the traditional order of succession, from 25 December 1926 until Death and state funeral of Hirohito, his death in 1989. He remains Japan's longest-reigning emperor as well as one of the world's List of longest-reigning monarchs, longest-reigning monarchs. As emperor during the Shōwa era, Hirohito oversaw the rise of Japanese militarism, List of territories acquired by the Empire of Japan, Japan's expansionism in Asia, the outbreak of the Second Sino-Japanese War and World War II, and the postwar Japanese economic miracle. Hirohito was born during the reign of his paternal grandfather, Emperor Meiji, as the first child of the Crown Prince Yoshihito and Crown Princess Sadako (later Emperor Taishō and Empress Teimei). When Emperor Meiji died in 1912, Hirohito's father ascended the throne, and Hirohito was proclaimed crown prince and heir apparent in 1916. In 1921, he made an official visit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emperor Go-Fushimi
was the 93rd emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. His reign spanned the years from 1298 to 1301. This 13th-century sovereign was named after his father, Emperor Fushimi and ''go-'' (後), translates literally as "later"; and thus, he is sometimes called the "Later Emperor Fushimi". The Japanese word ''go'' has also been translated to mean the "second one"; and in some older sources, this emperor may be identified as "Fushimi, the second", or as "Fushimi II". Family Before his ascension to the Chrysanthemum Throne, his personal name (his ''imina'') was . He was the eldest son of Emperor Fushimi. They belonged to the ''Jimyōin-tō'' branch of the Imperial Family. *Court Lady: Saionji (Fujiwara) Neishi / Yasuko (西園寺（藤原）寧子) later Kōgimon'in (広義門院; 1292–1337), Saionji Sanekane's daughter **First daughter: Imperial Princess Junshi (珣子内親王) **Third son: Imperial Prince Kazuhito (量仁親王) later Emperor K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japanese Eras
The or , is the first of the two elements that identify years in the Japanese era calendar scheme. The second element is a number which indicates the year number within the era (with the first year being "", meaning "origin, basis"), followed by the literal "" meaning "year". Era names originated in 140 BCE in Imperial China, during the reign of the Emperor Wu of Han. As elsewhere in the Sinosphere, the use of era names was originally derived from Chinese imperial practice, although the Japanese system is independent of the Chinese, Korean, and Vietnamese era name systems. Unlike its other Sinosphere counterparts, Japanese era names are still in official use. Government offices usually require era names and years for official papers. The five era names used since the end of the Edo period in 1868 can be abbreviated by taking the first letter of their romanized names. For example, S55 means Shōwa 55 (i.e. 1980), and H22 stands for Heisei 22 (2010). At 62 years and 2 weeks, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Columbia University Press
Columbia University Press is a university press based in New York City New York, often called New York City (NYC), is the most populous city in the United States, located at the southern tip of New York State on one of the world's largest natural harbors. The city comprises five boroughs, each coextensive w ..., and affiliated with Columbia University. Founded in 1893, it is currently directed by Jennifer Crewe (2014–present) and publishes titles in the humanities and sciences, including the fields of literary and cultural studies, history, social work, sociology, religion, film, and international studies. History Columbia University Press was founded in May 1893. In 1933, the first four volumes of the ''History of the State of New York'' were published. In the early 1940s, the Press' revenues rose, partially thanks to the ''Encyclopedia'' and the government's purchase of 12,500 copies for use by the military. Columbia University Press is notable for publishing r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nihon Odai Ichiran
Japan is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean off the northeast coast of the Asian mainland, it is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan and extends from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea in the south. The Japanese archipelago consists of four major islands—Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu—and thousands of smaller islands, covering . Japan has a population of over 123 million as of 2025, making it the eleventh-most populous country. The capital of Japan and its largest city is Tokyo; the Greater Tokyo Area is the largest metropolitan area in the world, with more than 37 million inhabitants as of 2024. Japan is divided into 47 administrative prefectures and eight traditional regions. About three-quarters of the country's terrain is mountainous and heavily forested, concentrating its agriculture and highly urbanized population along its eastern coastal plains. The country sits on the Pacific Ring of Fir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isaac Titsingh
Isaac Titsingh FRS ( January 1745 – 2 February 1812) was a Dutch diplomat, historian, Japanologist, and merchant.Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Isaak Titsingh" in . During a long career in East Asia, Titsingh was a senior official of the Dutch East India Company (). He represented the European trading company in exclusive official contact with Tokugawa Japan, traveling to Edo twice for audiences with the shogun and other high bakufu officials. He was the Dutch and VOC governor general in Chinsura, Bengal.Stephen R. Platt, ''Imperial Twilight: the Opium War and the End of China's Last Golden Age'' (NY: Knopf, 2018), 166-73. Titsingh worked with his counterpart, Charles Cornwallis, who was governor general of the British East India Company. In 1795, Titsingh represented Dutch and VOC interests in China, where his reception at the court of the Qing Qianlong Emperor stood in contrast to the rebuff suffered by British diplomat George Macartney's mission in 1793, just ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harvard University Press
Harvard University Press (HUP) is an academic publishing house established on January 13, 1913, as a division of Harvard University. It is a member of the Association of University Presses. Its director since 2017 is George Andreou. The press maintains offices in Cambridge, Massachusetts, near Harvard Square, and in London, England. The press co-founded the distributor TriLiteral LLC with MIT Press and Yale University Press. TriLiteral was sold to LSC Communications in 2018. Notable authors published by HUP include Eudora Welty, Walter Benjamin, E. O. Wilson, John Rawls, Emily Dickinson, Stephen Jay Gould, Helen Vendler, Carol Gilligan, Amartya Sen, David Blight, Martha Nussbaum, and Thomas Piketty. The Display Room in Harvard Square, dedicated to selling HUP publications, closed on June 17, 2009. Related publishers, imprints, and series HUP owns the Belknap Press imprint (trade name), imprint, which it inaugurated in May 1954 with the publication of the ''Harvard Guide to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shikken
The was a senior government post held by members of the Hōjō clan, officially a regent of the shogunate. From 1199 to 1333, during the Kamakura period, the ''shikken'' served as the head of the ''bakufu'' (shogun's government). This era was referred to as . During roughly the first half of that period, the ''shikken'' was the ''de facto'' military dictator of Japan (excluding the independent Northern Fujiwara). In 1256 the title of ''shikken'' was relegated to the second in command of the ''Tokusō'' (a separate rank also monopolized by the Hojō clan). By the Muromachi period (1333–1573) the position, though not abolished, had lost much of its power and was no longer considered as one of the top ranks. The position was abolished after the Muromachi period. Etymology The word ''shikken'' is the on'yomi reading of the combination of the two kanji characters and , meaning "to hold (something in the hand, or a service or ceremony); to administer" and "power, authority" respect ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hōjō Tokiatsu
Hojo or Hōjō may refer to: Hojo or HoJo: *Howard Johnson's, a U.S. chain of restaurants and hotels *A nickname for a number of people named Howard Johnson *A nickname for Howard Jones (British musician), an synthpop singer, musician and songwriter *A nickname for Howard Jones (American singer), a vocalist for several metalcore bands *MGR-1 Honest John, the first nuclear-capable missile and a popular airframe for hobby modelers *Hojo, a supporting character in comic strip ''Mandrake the Magician'' * Professor Hojo, a non-playable character in the video game ''Final Fantasy VII'' Hōjō or Houjou: * Hōjō, one of the five kata of Kashima Shinden Jikishinkage-ryū * Hōjō (Inuyasha), a character in the manga and anime series ''Inuyasha'' *Hōjō clan, a family of regents of the Kamakura Shogunate * Late Hōjō clan, daimyō in the Sengoku Period * Buntarō Hōjō, a main character in the visual novel series ''Girls Beyond the Wasteland'' *Hōjō, Ehime, a city in Japan * Emu H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hōjō Mototoki
was the thirteenth ''Shikken'' (1315–1316) of the Kamakura shogunate The was the feudal military government of Japan during the Kamakura period from 1185 to 1333. Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005)"''Kamakura-jidai''"in ''Japan Encyclopedia'', p. 459. The Kamakura shogunate was established by Minamoto no Yori .... References 1333 deaths 1286 births Hōjō clan People of the Kamakura period {{Japan-noble-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hōjō Hirotoki
was the twelfth '' Shikken'' (1312–1315) of the Kamakura shogunate. References Further reading * * 1279 births 1315 deaths Hōjō clan People of the Kamakura period {{Japan-noble-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rokuhara Tandai
was the post of the chiefs of the Kamakura shogunate in imperial capital Kyoto whose agency, the , kept responsibility for security in Kinai and judicial affairs on western Japan, and negotiated with the Imperial Court in Kyoto, imperial court. Despite keeping security, the Rokuhara were also a sort of secret police and widely feared.森幸夫 『六波羅探題の研究』（続群書類従完成会、2005年4月） Rokuhara Tandai was set up after the Jōkyū War, Jōkyū Incident in 1221. The two chiefs were called and , respectively. Kitakata was higher-ranking than Minamikata. Like ''shikken'' and ''rensho'', both posts were monopolized by the powerful Hōjō clan. The agency was destroyed with the Siege of Kamakura (1333), fall of Kamakura shogunate in 1333. List of Rokuhara Tandai Kitakata #Hōjō Yasutoki (r. 1221–1224) #Hōjō Tokiuji (r. 1224–1230) #Hōjō Shigetoki (born 1198), Hōjō Shigetoki (r. 1230–1247) #Hōjō Nagatoki (r. 1247–1256) #Hōjō Tokimochi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
