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Shucaris
''Shucaris'' ( ; meaning "Shu's shrimp") is a genus of radiodont of uncertain taxonomic placement from the Lower Cambrian Maotianshan Shales in Yunnan, South China. The type and only species is ''S. ankylosskelos'', known from multiple specimens comprising frontal appendages, multiple endites, gnathobase‐like structures, a nearly complete body, a head carapace complex, and one body flap associated with setal blades. Description ''Shucaris'' is known from multiple specimens which were all referred to ''S''. ''ankylosskelos'' by Wu ''et al.'' (2024). The holotype, JS-0972B, consists of an isolated frontal appendage. The paratypes, JS-1950 and JS-0658, comprise a nearly complete body specimen, and one partial disarticulated assemblage of a frontal appendage, gnathobase-like structures, an oral cone, portions of the head sclerites, and a flap associated with setal blades, respectively. Appendage morphology File:20240904_Radiodonta_frontal_appendage_Shucaris_ankylosskelos.png ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Radiodonta
Radiodonta is an extinct Order (biology), order of stem-group arthropods that was successful worldwide during the Cambrian period. Radiodonts are distinguished by their distinctive frontal appendages, which are morphologically diverse and were used for a variety of functions. Radiodonts were among the earliest large predators, but they also included sediment sifters and filter feeders. Some of the most famous species of radiodonts are the Cambrian taxa ''Anomalocaris, Anomalocaris canadensis'', ''Hurdia, Hurdia victoria'', ''Peytoia nathorsti'', ''Titanokorys gainesii, Titanokorys gainesi, Cambroraster, Cambroraster falcatus'' and ''Amplectobelua, Amplectobelua symbrachiata''. The later surviving members include the subfamily Aegirocassisinae from the Early Ordovician of Morocco and the Early Devonian member ''Schinderhannes bartelsi'' from Germany. Etymology The name Radiodonta (Latin for ''radius'' "spoke of a wheel" and Greek for ''odoús'' "tooth") refers to the radial arrang ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Radiodont
Radiodonta is an extinct order of stem-group arthropods that was successful worldwide during the Cambrian period. Radiodonts are distinguished by their distinctive frontal appendages, which are morphologically diverse and were used for a variety of functions. Radiodonts were among the earliest large predators, but they also included sediment sifters and filter feeders. Some of the most famous species of radiodonts are the Cambrian taxa ''Anomalocaris canadensis'', '' Hurdia victoria'', ''Peytoia nathorsti'', '' Titanokorys gainesi, Cambroraster falcatus'' and '' Amplectobelua symbrachiata''. The later surviving members include the subfamily Aegirocassisinae from the Early Ordovician of Morocco and the Early Devonian member '' Schinderhannes bartelsi'' from Germany. Etymology The name Radiodonta (Latin for ''radius'' "spoke of a wheel" and Greek for ''odoús'' "tooth") refers to the radial arrangement of tooth plates (oral cone) surrounding the mouth, although this feature is su ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2024 In Arthropod Paleontology
2024 in arthropod paleontology is a list of new arthropod fossil taxon, taxa, including arachnids, crustaceans, trilobites, and other arthropods (except insects, which have 2024 in paleoentomology, their own list) that were announced or binomial nomenclature, described, as well as other significant arthropod paleontology, paleontological discoveries and events which occurred in 2024. Chelicerates Arachnids Araneae = Araneological research = * Córdova-Tabares ''et al.'' (2024) describe a sac spider specimen from the Mexican amber preserved with an ant belonging to the genus ''Azteca (ant), Azteca'', providing evidence of a fossil spider showing trapping and feeding behavior seen also in its extant relatives. Ixodida Opiliones = Opiliones research = * Gainett ''et al.'' (2024) report that extant daddy longlegs have six eyes, including four vestigial ones, and reevaluate the affinities of Tetrophthalmi, fossil members of Opiliones with four eyes, resulting in older ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anomalocarididae
Anomalocarididae (occasionally mis-spelt Anomalocaridae) is an extinct family of Cambrian radiodonts, a group of stem-group arthropods. Around 1990s and early 2010s, Anomalocarididae included all radiodont species, hence the previous equivalent of the common name "anomalocaridid" to the whole Radiodonta. This is no longer the case after the revision done by Vinther et al. 2014, as Anomalocarididae restricted to only ''Anomalocaris ''Anomalocaris'' (from Ancient Greek , meaning "unlike", and , meaning "shrimp", with the intended meaning "unlike other shrimp") is an extinct genus of radiodont, an order of early-diverging stem-group marine arthropods. It is best known fro ...'' and, if any, a few of closely related genera since then. Wu et al. 2021 accepted only ''Anomalocaris'' (excluding '' "A." saron'', '' "A." kunmingensis'' and '' "A." briggsi'') and '' Lenisicaris'' as the member of Anomalocarididae, while '' Paranomalocaris'' is questionably included by some studies a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Innovatiocaris
''Innovatiocaris'' (meaning "innovation crab") is an extinct genus of radiodont from the early Cambrian Chengjiang Lagerstätte of Yunnan Province, China. The genus may contain two named species, ''I. maotianshanensis'', known from a nearly complete young individual measuring up to and isolated frontal appendages, and ''I.''? ''multispiniformis'', known from a complete frontal appendage. Discovery and naming ''Innovatiocaris maotianshanensis'' 20210624 Innovatiocaris maotianshanensis.png, Life restoration 20220915 Innovatiocaris size.png, Size diagram 20210531 Radiodonta frontal appendage Innovatiocaris maotianshanensis.png, ''I. maotianshanensis'' frontal appendage The holotype specimen of ''Innovatiocaris maotianshanensis'', ELRC 20001 was long considered in scientific literature as "''Anomalocaris'' sp". or ''Anomalocaris saron'' (=''Houcaris saron''). However, in 2022, Zeng et al. described it as a new genus and species of radiodont. The holotype consists of the nearly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amplectobeluidae
''Amplectobeluidae'' is a clade of Cambrian radiodonts. It currently includes five definitive genera, ''Amplectobelua'', '' Lyrarapax'', '' Ramskoeldia'', '' Guanshancaris'' and a currently unnamed genus from the lower Cambrian aged Sirius Passet site in Greenland. There is also a potential fifth genus, ''Houcaris'', but that genus has become problematic in terms of its taxonomic placement. Definition In 2014, ''Amplectobeluidae'' was defined as the most inclusive clade including '' Amplectobelua symbrachiata'' but not ''Anomalocaris canadensis'', '' Tamisiocaris borealis'', or '' Hurdia victoria''. Description Amplectobeluids could be recognized by frontal appendages with well-developed first distal endite, which forming a pincer-like structure that presumably better suited for a grasping function. Complete body fossils of amplectobeluids are only known by ''Amplectobelua'' and '' Lyrarapax'', both showing combination of characters resembling ''Anomalocaris'' (i.e. streaml ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Houcaris
''Houcaris'' is a possibly paraphyletic radiodont genus, tentatively assigned to either Amplectobeluidae, Anomalocarididae or Tamisiocarididae, known from Cambrian Series 2 of China and the United States. The type species is ''Houcaris saron'' which was originally described as a species of the related genus ''Anomalocaris''. Other possible species include ''H. magnabasis'' and ''H. consimilis''. The genus ''Houcaris'' was established for the two species in 2021 and honors Hou Xianguang, who had discovered and named the type species ''Anomalocaris saron'' in 1995 along with his colleagues Jan Bergström and Per E. Ahlberg. Species ''Houcaris saron'' 20191221 Radiodonta frontal appendage Houcaris saron.png, Frontal appendage of ''H. saron'' 20191029 Outdated Anomalocaris saron.png, Outdated, chimeric reconstruction based on frontal appendage of ''H. saron'' and body of ''Innovatiocaris'' that was previously considered as whole body fossil of ''H. saron'' ''H. saron'', know ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tamisiocarididae
Tamisiocarididae is a family of Radiodonta, radiodonts, extinct marine animals related to arthropods, that bore finely-spined appendages that were presumably used in filter-feeding. When first discovered, the clade was named Cetiocaridae after a speculative evolution artwork, ''Bearded Ceticaris'' by John Meszaros, that depicted a hypothetical filter-feeding radiodont at a time before any were known to exist. However, the family name was not valid according to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, as no real genus named "Cetiocaris" exists, and in 2019 it was formally replaced by the name Tamisiocarididae, after the only valid genus of the clade at the time. The family is only known from Cambrian Series 2, Series 2 of the Cambrian, unlike other radiodont families, which persisted longer into the Cambrian. All known species would have lived in tropical or subtropical waters, suggesting a preference for warmer waters. Description Like most radiodonts, cetiocarids have s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phylogenetic Analysis
In biology, phylogenetics () is the study of the evolutionary history of life using observable characteristics of organisms (or genes), which is known as phylogenetic inference. It infers the relationship among organisms based on empirical data and observed heritable traits of DNA sequences, protein amino acid sequences, and morphology. The results are a phylogenetic tree—a diagram depicting the hypothetical relationships among the organisms, reflecting their inferred evolutionary history. The tips of a phylogenetic tree represent the observed entities, which can be living taxa or fossils. A phylogenetic diagram can be rooted or unrooted. A rooted tree diagram indicates the hypothetical common ancestor of the taxa represented on the tree. An unrooted tree diagram (a network) makes no assumption about directionality of character state transformation, and does not show the origin or "root" of the taxa in question. In addition to their use for inferring phylogenetic patterns a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lyrarapax
'' Lyrarapax'' is a radiodont genus of the family Amplectobeluidae that lived in the early Cambrian period 518 million years ago. Its fossils were found in the Maotianshan Shales of China. The first species, ''Lyrarapax unguispinus'' was described in 2014, with a second species, ''Lyrarapax trilobus'' being described in 2016, differing principally in the morphology of its frontal appendages. Description ''L. unguispinus'' is roughly long. Its frontal appendages are short with a large first endite bearing several spines and alternating endites thereafter. The neck is prominent with four segments. The first flap pair is hypertrophied and paddle-shaped, with the following pairs decreasing sharply in size and a tail fan composed of three blade-like flap pairs. Remarkably, the nervous system of ''L. unguispinus'' is preserved in detail, showing that radiodont frontal appendages are protocerebral like the antennae of velvet worms, showing the two structures derive from the same sour ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amplectobelua
''Amplectobelua'' (meaning "embracing beast") is an extinct genus of late Early Cambrian amplectobeluid radiodont, a group of stem arthropods that mostly lived as free-swimming predators during the first half of the Paleozoic Era. Anatomy ''Amplectobelua'' was a giant radiodont, with the largest specimen of ''A. symbrachiata'' reaching up to in body length excluding the frontal appendages and tail. ''A. stephenensis'' is much smaller, estimated up to long. The body structures other than frontal appendages are only known from the type species ''Amplectobelua symbrachiata''. Like other radiodonts, ''Amplectobelua'' had a pair of jointed frontal appendages, a head covered by dorsal and lateral sclerites (the latter had been misinterpreted as huge eyes), a limbless body with dorsal gills (setal blades), and a series of flaps on both sides that extended along the length of its body. ''Amplectobelua'' had a specialized frontal appendage, in which it has a distinct 3-segmented s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
