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Seven Years Devastation
The Chahi Taret Khuntakpa (), also known as the Seven Years Devastation, was a period in the history of Manipur, during which Manipur Kingdom was chaotically occupied by the Burmese from 1819 CE to 1825 CE (''3212 MF to 3218 MF''). The Chahi Taret Khuntakpa was a catastrophic period in the history of Manipur, marked by widespread destruction, political instability, and the near-extermination of the Meitei population. It represents the final large-scale genocide of the Meitei people in the 19th century, leading to the significant dispersion of the population both within and outside the region. The devastation resulted from a combination of internal dynastic conflicts and external Burmese military interventions, which left deep scars on the region’s social and political fabric. The Burmese invaded Manipur multiple times, with the most significant invasion occurring in 1819 during the reign of King Marjit Singh, led by the Burmese general Mingimala Bandula. The Burmese oc ...
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Manipur Kingdom
The Manipur Kingdom, also known as Meckley, was an ancient kingdom at the India–Burma frontier. Historically, Manipur was an independent kingdom ruled by a Ningthouja dynasty, Meitei dynasty. But it was also invaded and ruled over by Konbaung dynasty, Burmese kingdom at various point of time. It became a protectorate of the British Company Rule in India, East India Company from 1824, and a princely state of British Raj in 1891. The princely state bordered the Assam Province in the west and British Burma in the east, and in the 20th century covered an area of 22,327 square kilometres (8,621 sq mi) and contained 467 villages. The capital of the state was Imphal. Kangleipak State The early history of Manipur is composed of mythical narratives . The location of the Kangla Fort on the banks of the Imphal River is believed to be where King Pakhangba built his first palace. :simple:Loyumba Shinyen, Loyumba Shinyen, the written constitution of Kangleipak was formally dev ...
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Anglo-Burmese War
The Anglo-Burmese people, also known as the Anglo-Burmans, are a community of Eurasians of Burmese and European descent; they emerged as a distinct community through mixed relationships (sometimes permanent, sometimes temporary) between the British and other Europeans with Burmese people from 1826 until 1948 when Myanmar gained its independence from the British Empire. Those who could not adjust to the new way of life after independence and the ushering in of military dictatorship are dispersed throughout the world. The term "Anglo-Burmese" is also used to refer to Eurasians of European and other Burmese ethnic minority groups (e.g. Karen, Mon, Shan, and Sino-Burmese etc.) descent. It also, after 1937, included Anglo-Indian residents in Myanmar. Collectively, in the Burmese language, Eurasians are specifically known as ''bo kabya''; the term ''kabya'' refers to persons of mixed ancestry or dual ethnicity. History Earliest settlement The first "Euro-Burmese" community eme ...
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Meitei Clothing In Myanmar
Meitei ethnicity (also known as Manipuris) have two main ways of dressing traditions in Myanmar. Men's clothing When Meitei men go out, they wear a longyi. Men sometimes cover their heads with a cloth and tie a knot on the left side. Men wear a white pheijom for ceremonies, and boys wear a white dhoti too. Men also wear white vests without sleeves and hang a cloth around their necks during ceremonies. Most Myanmar Meitei men wear longyis. However, if someone living by the Ningthi River wears a longyi, they may be mocked because it looks like a woman wearing a sarong. But recently, some men have started wearing longyis. Groom's dresses The groom wears a white pheijom and a sacred thread. He doesn’t wear a shirt but covers his upper body with a white cloth. He also wears a white kokyet, which is different from the one worn by Meitei people in India. The groom’s kokyet is the same as the one worn by a drummer. Military uniforms In the late 18th century, a Meitei man ...
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Meitei People In Myanmar
The Meitei people, also known as the Manipuri people (; ), are a minority ethnic group in Myanmar. They are better known as the ''Kathe'', ''Cassay'', or ''Ponna'' in Myanmar. They number around 25,000 and reside mainly in the eastern states of Kachin State, Kachin and Shan State, Shan, Yangon division, Sagaing division, Ayeyarwaddy division, etc. The Government of Myanmar currently classifies the Meiteis as a sub-group under the "Chin" category. However, there have been proposals to reconsider and revise this classification. History Meitei settlement in Myanmar was a result of the Manipuri–Burmese wars of 1717 to 1749 as well as of the matrimonial alliance formed by the marriage of Meitei princess Chakpa Makhao Ngambi to Burmese King Taninganway Min in 1703. During the reign of Meitei King Senbi Kiyamba () (1467-1508 CE), the eastern border of Kangleipak extended to the Ningthee River. According to Henry Yule map, this border was drawn beyond the Ningthee River between ...
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Imphal
Imphal (; , ) is the capital city of the Indian state of Manipur. The metropolitan centre of the city contains the ruins of Kangla Palace (officially known as Kangla Fort), the royal seat of the former Kingdom of Manipur, surrounded by a moat. Spread over parts of the districts of Imphal West and Imphal East, the former contains the majority of the city's area and population. Imphal is part of the Smart Cities Mission under the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs. Being a mega commercial hub, Imphal is known for its weaving, brass-ware, bronze-ware, and other cottage industries. Meitei language (officially known as Manipuri language) is the most widely spoken language in the city. '' INS Imphal'', the third ship of the ''Visakhapatnam''-class stealth guided missile destroyer of the Indian Navy, was named in recognition of the Indian soldiers who fought in Battle of Imphal during World War II, and is the first Indian Navy Ship (INS) named after a city in Nor ...
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Silhouette Of A Classical Meitei Sculpture Of King Gambhir Singh (riding On A Meitei Horse Alias Manipuri Pony & Holding A Sword), A Meitei Ruler Of The Ningthouja Dynasty, Who Was A Maharaja Of Erstwhile Manipur Kingdom
A silhouette (, ) is the image of a person, animal, object or scene represented as a solid shape of a single colour, usually black, with its edges matching the outline of the subject. The interior of a silhouette is featureless, and the silhouette is usually presented on a light background, usually white, or none at all. The silhouette differs from an line art, outline, which depicts the edge of an object in a linear form, while a silhouette appears as a solid shape. Silhouette images may be created in any visual artistic medium, but were first used to describe pieces of cut paper, which were then stuck to a backing in a contrasting colour, and often framed. Cutting portraits, generally in profile, from black card became popular in the mid-18th century, though the term ''silhouette'' was seldom used until the early decades of the 19th century, and the tradition has continued under this name into the 21st century. They represented a cheap but effective alternative to the portrait m ...
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Digital Library Of India
Digital Library of India, initially hosted by Indian Institute of Science, CDAC, Noida, IIIT-Hyderabad during 2000s working in partnership with the Million Book Project, provides free access to many books in English and Indian languages. The scanning of Indian language books has created an opportunity for developing Indian language optical character recognition (OCR) software. The publications are mainly in PDF or QuickTime format. Because of copyright laws, the texts are all out of copyright and therefore not sources for current information, but rather useful for history and background. , DLI had scanned 550,603 titles. Representative titles include: * ''Ancient India'', McCrindle J. W.. 1885. * ''Ancient Indian Polity'', Aiyangar K. V. Rangaswami. 1935. * ''History of the Parsis Vol-I'', Karaka Dosabhai Framji. 1884. * ''A Treatise on Kala-Azar'', Brahmachari Upendranath. 1928. * "Aligarh kee taleemi tehreek", Khwaja Ghulamus Sayyedain, 1931 * "Makateeb-e-Sanai" by Prof ...
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British Government
His Majesty's Government, abbreviated to HM Government or otherwise UK Government, is the central government, central executive authority of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.Overview of the UK system of government : Directgov – Government, citizens and rights
Archived direct.gov.uk webpage. Retrieved on 29 August 2014.
The government is led by the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, prime minister (Keir Starmer since 5 July 2024) who appoints all the other British Government frontbench, ministers. The country has had a Labour Party (UK), Labour government since 2024 United Kingdom general election, 2024. The ...
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Moirang
Moirang () is a town in the Indian state of Manipur, best known for the tentatively listed UNESCO World Heritage Sites of the Keibul Lamjao Conservation Area (KLCA), covering Keibul Lamjao National Park (KLNP), the world's only floating national park, the buffer of Loktak Lake (140 sq km) and Pumlen Pat (43 sq. km). It is best known for the being the place of origin of the ancient epic legend of Khamba and Thoibi, one of the seven epic cycles of incarnations of Meitei mythology and folklore. Nationwide, it is also famous for the INA War Museum in the INA Martyrs' Memorial Complex, where Colonel Shaukat Malik of the Indian National Army hoisted the Tricolour for the first time on Indian soil on 14 April 1944. It is situated approximately south of the state capital Imphal. It has an area of with a population of 62,187 in 67 villages. There are 12 Panchayats in this block. History Epic cycles of incarnations and the Khamba Thoibi Historically, the town of Moirang is ...
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Herachandra
Herachandra was a Meitei prince. He was the son of Maharajah Labanyachandra of Manipur kingdom. He earned secret support and admiration from the people of Manipur. E.W. Dun wrote that he defeated numerous groups of the Burmese army. A.C. Bannerjee also wrote about Herachandra's victory over a Burmese force. Manipur's royal chronicle, Cheitharol Kumbaba, recorded his success under the name "The King (Meidingu) Herachandra" (13:216). Herachandra, with help from his cousin princes, Yumjaotaba (Pitambar Singh), defeated a large Burmese group. Personal life There are two stories about Herachandra becoming the king of Manipur for a short time. One story says he was king, while the other says he never wanted to be king. Herachandra had two wives, Yaikhom Chanu and Usham Chanu, and each wife had one son. However, neither of his sons had children. It is believed that Herachandra, the great hero, died in the first half of May 1821 and was cremated in an unknown place. War tactics On ...
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Figure Of Meitei Prince Daku Ningthou Sana Herachandra, The “Hira” Of Kangleipak (Manipur Kingdom), Riding A Meitei Horse And Holding An Arambai (a Traditional Meitei Poisoned Dart-like Weapon), In MMRC & Unity Park
Figure may refer to: General *A shape, drawing, depiction, or geometric configuration *Figure (wood), wood appearance *Figure (music), distinguished from musical motif *Noise figure, in telecommunication *Dance figure, an elementary dance pattern *A person's figure, human physical appearance *Figure–ground (perception), the distinction between a visually perceived object and its surroundings Arts *Figurine, a miniature statuette representation of a creature *Action figure, a posable jointed solid plastic character figurine *Figure painting, realistic representation, especially of the human form *Figure drawing *Model figure, a scale model of a creature Writing *figure, in writing, a type of floating block (text, table, or graphic separate from the main text) *Figure of speech, also called a rhetorical figure *Christ figure, a type of character * in typesetting, text figures and lining figures Accounting *Figure, a synonym for number *Significant figures in a decimal number ...
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Alaungpaya
Alaungpaya (, ; also spelled Alaunghpaya or Alaung-Phra; 11 May 1760) was the founder and first emperor of the Konbaung dynasty of Burma. By the time of his death from illness during his Burmese–Siamese War (1759–60), campaign in Siam, this former chief of a small village in Upper Burma had unified Burma, subdued Manipur, conquered Lan Na and launched successful attacks against the French Indies Company, French and East India Company, British East India companies who had given help to the Restored Hanthawaddy Kingdom. He added settlements around Dagon township, Dagon, and called the enlarged town Yangon.Letwe Nawrahta and Maha Sithu of Twinthin 1961: 190–191 He is considered one of the three greatest List of Burmese monarchs, monarchs of Burma alongside Anawrahta and Bayinnaung for unifying Burma for the third time in History of Burma, Burmese history. Background The future king was born Aung Zeya ( "Successful Victory") at Shwebo, Moksobo, a village of a few hundred hous ...
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