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Settle–Carlisle Line
The Settle–Carlisle line (also known as the ''Settle and Carlisle'' (S&C)) is a main railway line in northern England. The route, which crosses the remote, scenic regions of the Yorkshire Dales and the North Pennines, runs between Settle Junction railway station, Settle Junction, on the Leeds–Morecambe line, and , near the English-Scottish borders. The historic line was constructed in the 1870s and has several notable tunnels and viaducts such as the imposing Ribblehead Viaduct, Ribblehead. The line is managed by Network Rail. All passenger services are operated by Northern (train operating company), Northern apart from temporary diverted services (due to closures of the West Coast Main Line) and are part of the National Rail network. Stations serve towns such as Settle, North Yorkshire, Settle in North Yorkshire, Appleby-in-Westmorland in Cumbria and small rural communities along its route. In the 1980s, British Rail planned to close the Settle–Carlisle line. This pro ...
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S&C Subdivision
The S&C Subdivision is a railroad line owned and operated by CSX Transportation in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. The line runs from the Keystone Subdivision at Rockwood, Pennsylvania, Rockwood north to Johnstown, PA, Johnstown along a former Baltimore and Ohio Railroad line, once the Somerset and Cambria Railroad. History The Somerset & Mineral Point Railroad connected Somerset, PA, Somerset to what was then the Pittsburgh & Connellsville Railroad as it passed through Rockwood, Pennsylvania, Rockwood (then called Mineral Point) in the early 1870s. The Johnstown & Somerset Railroad followed the Stonycreek River, Stonycreek valley north-by-northeast from Somerset through Stoystown, Pennsylvania, Stoystown to Johnstown around 1880. The Somerset & Mineral Point Railroad and the Johnstown & Somerset Railroad were combined and reorganized as the Somerset and Cambria Branch Railroad. Through leases and mergers, the line became part of the B&O and then CSX. References
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North Pennines
The North Pennines are the northernmost section of the Pennines, a range of hills which run north–south through northern England. They run along the border between County Durham and Northumberland in the east and Cumbria in the west, and are bounded to the north by the Tyne Valley and to the south by the Stainmore Gap. Much of the region is moorland, and it contains significant industrial archaeology. The North Pennines have been designated a national landscape and a UNESCO Global Geopark. Several major rivers rise in the North Pennines, including the Tees and Wear. The part of the area in County Durham, including Teesdale and Weardale, is known as the Durham Dales. Geology The North Pennines are formed from a succession largely of sedimentary rocks laid down during the Palaeozoic era, later intruded by the Whin Sill and affected by glaciation during the Quaternary period. Mud and volcanic ash deposited during the Ordovician and Silurian periods were buried and s ...
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"Little" North Western Railway
The North Western Railway (NWR) was an early British railway company in the north-west of England. It was commonly known as the "Little" North Western Railway, to distinguish it from the larger London and North Western Railway (LNWR). The was first leased, and later taken over, by the Midland Railway (MR). The used part of the line for its London to Scotland Settle and Carlisle main line. The main line, which ran from Skipton in the West Riding of Yorkshire to Morecambe on the Lancashire coast, gave the access to the west coast in an area dominated by the rival . Part of the line, between Lancaster and Morecambe, was used in the early twentieth century for pioneering overhead electrification. Two-thirds of the line, in North Yorkshire, is still in use today, mainly for local services. Of the dismantled Lancashire section, two-thirds has been reused as a combined cyclepath and footpath. Formation The North Western Railway was incorporated by the ( 9 & 10 Vict. c. xcii) ...
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London And North Western Railway
The London and North Western Railway (LNWR, L&NWR) was a British railway company between 1846 and 1922. In the late 19th century, the LNWR was the largest joint stock company in the world. Dubbed the "Premier Line", the LNWR's main line connected four of the largest cities in England; London, Birmingham, Manchester and Liverpool, and, through cooperation with their Scottish partners, the Caledonian Railway also connected Scotland's largest cities of Glasgow and Edinburgh. Today this route is known as the West Coast Main Line. The LNWR's network also extended into Wales and Yorkshire. In 1923, it became a constituent of the London, Midland and Scottish (LMS) railway, and, in 1948, the London Midland Region of British Railways. History The company was formed on 16 July 1846 by the ( 9 & 10 Vict. c. cciv), which authorised the amalgamation of the Grand Junction Railway, London and Birmingham Railway and the Manchester and Birmingham Railway. This move was prompted, in ...
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Midland Railway
The Midland Railway (MR) was a railway company in the United Kingdom from 1844 in rail transport, 1844. The Midland was one of the largest railway companies in Britain in the early 20th century, and the largest employer in Derby, where it had its headquarters. It amalgamated with several other railways to create the London, Midland and Scottish Railway at Railways Act 1921, grouping in 1923. The Midland had a large network of lines emanating from Derby, stretching to St Pancras railway station, London St Pancras, Manchester Central railway station, Manchester, Carlisle railway station, Carlisle, Birmingham Curzon Street railway station (1838–1966), Birmingham, and Bristol Temple Meads railway station, Bristol. It expanded as much through acquisitions as by building its own lines. It also operated ships from Heysham in Lancashire to Douglas, Isle of Man, Douglas and Belfast. A large amount of the Midland's infrastructure remains in use and visible, such as the Midland Main Lin ...
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LNER Peppercorn Class A1 60163 Tornado
LNER Peppercorn Class A1 No. 60163 ''Tornado'' is a 4-6-2 "Pacific" steam locomotive completed in 2008 to an original design by Arthur Peppercorn. At the time of completion it was the first new build steam locomotive for the British mainline since 1960, and is the only Peppercorn A1 in existence as the final locomotive of the original class was scrapped in 1966. The A1 Steam Locomotive Trust launched the project in 1990 and was financed through fundraising initiatives, public donations, and sponsorship deals. Construction began in 1994 at Darlington Works, England with other components manufactured elsewhere, most notably the boiler, which was constructed at Meiningen Steam Locomotive Works in Germany to meet modern EU regulations. Following testing on the Great Central Railway in 2008, ''Tornado'' was granted its mainline running certificate in January 2009 and has since worked heritage and mainline trains across Britain. In 2017, ''Tornado'' became the first steam l ...
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Railtour
A railtour is a special train which is run in order to allow people to experience rail travel which is not normally available using timetabled passenger services. The 'unusual' aspect may be the route of the train, the destination, the occasion, specific sections of railway track (for example, freight-only lines), the locomotive hauling the train, the rolling stock (passenger carriages), or any combination of these. Organisers may own or hire locomotives or rolling stock, or tours may be organised by railway management or other bodies outside the railway fraternity. Perhaps the most famous railtour in England was the '' Fifteen Guinea Special'', the last steam-hauled main line train run by British Rail. Railtours are often identifiable through the use of a train headboard, often identifying the name of the specific tour or the tour operator. On TOPS, railtours are usually given a 1Zxx headcode. Exceptions to this rule include regularly scheduled railtours such as the Belmond B ...
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British Rail
British Railways (BR), which from 1965 traded as British Rail, was a state-owned company that operated most rail transport in Great Britain from 1948 to 1997. Originally a trading brand of the Railway Executive of the British Transport Commission, it became an independent statutory corporation in January 1963, when it was formally renamed the British Railways Board. British Railways was formed on 1 January 1948 as a result of the Transport Act 1947, which nationalised the Big Four British railway companies along with some other (but not all) smaller railways. Profitability of the railways became a pressing concern during the 1950s, leading to multiple efforts to bolster performance, including some line closures. The 1955 Modernisation Plan formally directed a process of dieselisation and electrification to take place; accordingly, steam locomotives had been entirely replaced by diesel and electric traction (except for the narrow-gauge Vale of Rheidol Railway tourist lin ...
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Appleby-in-Westmorland
Appleby-in-Westmorland is a market town and civil parish in Westmorland and Furness, Cumbria, England, with a population of 3,048 at the 2011 Census. Crossed by the River Eden, Appleby is the county town of the historic county of Westmorland. It was known just as Appleby until 1974–1976, when the council of the successor parish to the borough changed it to retain the name Westmorland, which was abolished as an administrative area under the Local Government Act 1972, before being revived as Westmorland and Furness in 2023. It lies south-east of Penrith, south-east of Carlisle, north-east of Kendal and west of Darlington. History The town's name derives from the Old English ''æppel-by'', meaning "farm or settlement with apple trees". St Lawrence's Parish Church is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade I listed building. Appleby Castle was founded by Ranulf le Meschin in the early 12th century. The Borough followed by royal charter ...
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Settle, North Yorkshire
Settle is a market town and civil parishes in England, civil parish in North Yorkshire, England. Historic counties of England, Historically in the West Riding of Yorkshire, the town had a population of 2,421 in the 2001 United Kingdom census, 2001 census, increasing to 2,564 at the 2011 United Kingdom census, 2011 census. History Settle is thought to have 7th-century Angles (tribe), Anglian origins, its name being the Angle word for settlement. Craven in the Domesday Book#The Land of Roger de Poitou in Yorkshire, Domesday Book folio 332, Craven in the ''Domesday Book'' shows that until 1066 Bo was the lord of Settle but after the Harrying of the North (1069–1071) the land was granted to Roger de Poitou. In 1250, a market charter was granted to House of Percy#Prominent members, Henry de Percy, 7th feudal baron of Topcliffe by Henry III of England, Henry III. A market square developed and the main route through the medieval town was aligned on an east–west direction, from Albe ...
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West Coast Main Line
The West Coast Main Line (WCML) is one of the most important railway corridors in the United Kingdom, connecting the major cities of London and Glasgow with branches to Birmingham, Manchester, Liverpool and Edinburgh. It is one of the busiest mixed-traffic railway routes in Europe, carrying a mixture of intercity rail, regional rail, commuter rail and rail freight traffic. The core route of the WCML runs from London to Glasgow for approx. and was opened from 1837 to 1881. With additional lines deviating to Northampton, Birmingham, Manchester, Liverpool and Edinburgh, this totals a route mileage of . The Glasgow–Edinburgh via Carstairs line connects the WCML to Edinburgh. However, the main London–Edinburgh route is the East Coast Main Line. Several sections of the WCML form part of the Urban rail in the United Kingdom, suburban railway systems in London, Coventry, Birmingham, Manchester, Liverpool and Glasgow, with many more smaller commuter stations, as well as providing li ...
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Northern (train Operating Company)
Northern Trains, Trade name, trading as Northern, is a British train operating company that operates Commuter rail, commuter and Inter-city rail, medium-distance intercity services in the North of England. It is owned by DfT Operator for the Department for Transport (DfT), after the previous operator Arriva Rail North had its franchise terminated at the end of February 2020. The company commenced operating the Northern franchise on 1 March 2020, taking over from Arriva Rail North. The prior operator had its franchise terminated early by the DfT in January 2020 amid widespread dissatisfaction over its performance, particularly in respect of poorly implemented timetable changes. The DfT had opted to hand the operation of the franchise over to the operator of last resort. At the commencement of operations, Northern publicly stated that its immediate aims were to improve service reliability and to proceed with the introduction of new rolling stock. For the latter, both the British Ra ...
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