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Selkʼnam Genocide
The Selknam genocide was the systematic extermination of the Selkʼnam people, one of the four indigenous peoples of Tierra del Fuego archipelago, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Historians estimate that the genocide spanned a period of between ten and twenty years, and resulted in the decline of the Selkʼnam population from approximately 4,000 people during the 1880s to a few hundred by the early 1900s. During the late 19th century, European and South American livestock companies affiliated with the Chilean and Argentinian governments began to establish ''estancias'' (large ranches) on the Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego, which along with the Tierra del Fuego gold rush displaced the indigenous population and heavily disrupted their traditional way of life. In response to violence between non-indigenous settlers and indigenous people, a campaign was conducted by European and South American hunters, ranchers, gold miners and soldiers to exterminate the Selkʼnam. L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genocide Of Indigenous Peoples
The genocide of indigenous peoples, colonial genocide, or settler genocide is the Genocide, elimination of indigenous peoples as a part of the process of colonialism. According to certain genocide experts, including Raphael Lemkin – the individual who coined the term ''genocide'' – colonialism is intimately connected with genocide. Lemkin saw genocide via colonization as a two-stage process: (1) the destruction of the indigenous group's way of life, followed by (2) the settlers' imposition of their way of life on the indigenous group. Other scholars view genocide as associated with but distinct from settler colonialism. The expansion of various Western European colonial powers such as the British Empire, British and Spanish Empire, Spanish empires and the subsequent establishment of colonies on indigenous territories frequently involved acts of genocidal violence against indigenous groups in Ethnic groups in Europe, Europe, the Indigenous peoples of the Americas, Americas, In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isla Grande De Tierra Del Fuego
Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego ( English: ''Big Island of the Land of Fire'') also formerly ''Isla de Xátiva'' is an island near the southern tip of South America from which it is separated by the Strait of Magellan. The western portion (61.4%) of the island () is in Chile ( Province of Tierra del Fuego and Antártica Chilena Province), while the eastern portion (38.6%, ) is in Argentina ( Tierra del Fuego Province). It forms the major landmass in an extended group of islands or archipelago also known as Tierra del Fuego. The island has an area of , making it the largest island in South America and the 29th largest island in the world. Its two biggest towns are Ushuaia and Río Grande, both in Argentina. Other towns are Tolhuin, Porvenir, Camerón, and Cerro Sombrero. The Argentine side, Tierra del Fuego Province, has 190,641 inhabitants (2022), whereas the Chilean side has only 6,656 (2012), almost all located in the Tierra del Fuego Province. Its highest point is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pampas
The Pampas (; from Quechua 'plain'), also known as the Pampas Plain, are fertile South American low grasslands that cover more than and include the Argentine provinces of Buenos Aires, La Pampa, Santa Fe, Entre Ríos, and Córdoba; all of Uruguay; and Brazil's southernmost state, Rio Grande do Sul. The vast plains are a natural region, interrupted only by the low Ventana and Tandil hills, near Bahía Blanca and Tandil (Argentina), with a height of and , respectively. This ecoregion has been changed by humans, especially since the release of animals like cattle, pigs, and especially sheep onto these plains. The climate is temperate, with precipitation of that is more or less evenly distributed throughout the year, making the soils appropriate for agriculture. The area is also one of the distinct physiography provinces of the larger Paraná–Paraguay plain division. It is considered that the limit of the Pampas plain is to the north with the Atlantic Forest and the G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mitre Peninsula
Mitre Peninsula is the easternmost part of Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego, located in the very southeast of the island, with its easternmost point, Cabo San Diego, 29 km northwest of Isla de los Estados, from which it is separated by Le Maire Strait. In the south, the peninsula is bounded by the Beagle Channel, and in the north by the Argentine Sea. It is under 4000 km2 in area. The highest peak is Cerro Campana in the southern Montes Negros range with 1026 meters. Monte Atocha is nearby the southwest. The peninsula was named by explorer Julio Popper to honor Bartolomé Mitre. The area is part of Ushuaia municipality and the Departments of Argentina, department of Tierra del Fuego Province (Argentina). The only settlements (all estancias) are Estancia Policarpo on the north coast (on Policarpo River), Estancia Bahía Aguirre (southwest coast), Estancia Bahía Sloggett (further west), and Estancia Puerto Rancho (close to the southernmost point of the island, Cabo San ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haush People
The Haush or people were an Indigenous people who lived on the Mitre Peninsula of the Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego. They were related culturally and linguistically to the Selkʼnam (also known as Ona) people who also lived on the Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego, and to the Tehuelche people of southern mainland Patagonia. Name ''Haush'' was the name given them by the Selkʼnam people, while the Yahgan (also known as Yámana) people called them ''Italum Ona'', meaning ''Eastern Ona''. Several authors state that their name for themselves was ''Manek'enk'' or ''Manek'enkn''. Martin Gusinde reported, however, that in the Haush language ''Manek'enkn'' simply meant ''people'' in general. Furlong notes that ''Haush'' has no meaning in the Selkʼnam language, while ''haush'' means ''kelp'' in the Yahgan language. Since the Selkʼnam probably met the Yahgan people primarily in Haush territory, Furlong speculates that the Selkʼnam borrowed ''haush'' as the name of the people f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spanish People
Spaniards, or Spanish people, are a Romance languages, Romance-speaking Ethnicity, ethnic group native to the Iberian Peninsula, primarily associated with the modern Nation state, nation-state of Spain. Genetics, Genetically and Ethnolinguistic group, ethnolinguistically, Spaniards belong to the broader Southern Europe, Southern and Western Europe, Western European populations, exhibiting a high degree of continuity with other Indo-European languages, Indo-European-derived ethnic groups in the region. Spain is also home to a diverse array of National and regional identity in Spain, national and regional identities, shaped by its complex History of Spain, history. These include various Languages of Spain, languages and dialects, many of which are direct descendants of Latin, the language imposed during Hispania, Roman rule. Among them, Spanish language, Spanish (also known as Castilian) is the most widely spoken and the only official language across the entire country. Commonly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yahgan People
The Yahgan (also called Yagán, Yaghan, Yámana, Yamana, or Tequenica) are a group of Indigenous peoples in the Southern Cone of South America. Their traditional territory includes the islands south of Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego, extending their presence into Cape Horn, making them the world's southernmost Indigenous human population. In the 19th century, the Yahgan were known in English as "Fuegians." The name is credited to Captain James Weddell, who supposedly created the term in 1822. The term is now avoided as it can also refer to several other Indigenous peoples of Tierra del Fuego, for example the Selkʼnam people, Selkʼnam. The Yahgan language, also known as Yámana, is considered a language isolate. Cristina Calderón (1928–2022), who was born on Navarino Island, Chile, was known as the last full-blooded Yahgan and last native speaker of the Yahgan language. It is now regarded as an extinct language. Most Yahgan now speak Spanish language, Spanish. The Yahgan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dawson Island
Dawson Island () is an island in the Strait of Magellan that forms part of the Tierra del Fuego archipelago, 100 km south of the city of Punta Arenas in Chile, and part of the Municipality of Punta Arenas. It is located southeast of Brunswick Peninsula. It is often lashed with harsh Antarctic weather. The settlements are Puerto Harris, Puerto San Antonio and Puerto Almeida. History This area was inhabited for thousands of years by the indigenous peoples. At the time of European encounter, the Kawésqar lived on the island (they were called the Alcalufe by the Yahgan and the Europeans adopted that term). They lived west of the Yahgan and throughout the islands west of Tierra del Fuego. Beginning in the late 19th century, Europeans began to settle in the region, developing large sheep ranches on the main island. Miners also flocked to the area in search of gold. Chile used Dawson Island for an internment camp for the Selkʼnam and other native people, to get them out of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christian Mission
A Christian mission is an organized effort to carry on evangelism, in the name of the Christian faith. Missions involve sending individuals and groups across boundaries, most commonly geographical boundaries. Sometimes individuals are sent and are called missionary, missionaries, and historically may have been based in mission stations. When groups are sent, they are often called mission teams and they undertake mission trips. There are a few different kinds of mission trips: Short-term mission, short-term, long-term, relational and those that simply help people in need. Some people choose to dedicate their whole lives to mission. Missionaries preach the Christian faith and sometimes administer the sacraments, and provide humanitarian aid or services. Christian doctrines (such as the "Doctrine of Love" professed by many missions) permit the provision of aid without requiring religious conversion. Nonetheless, the provision of help has always been closely tied to evangelization ef ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salesians Of Don Bosco
The Salesians of Don Bosco (SDB), formally known as the Society of Saint Francis de Sales (), is a religious congregation of men in the Catholic Church, founded in 1859 by the Italian priest John Bosco to help poor and migrant youth during the Industrial Revolution. The congregation was named after Francis de Sales, a 17th-century bishop of Geneva. The Salesians' charter describes the society's mission as "the Christian perfection of its associates obtained by the exercise of spiritual and corporal works of charity towards the young, especially the poor, and the education of boys to the priesthood". Its associated women's institute is the Salesian Sisters of Don Bosco, while the lay movement is the Association of Salesian Cooperators. History In 1845 Don John Bosco (" Don" being a traditional Italian honorific for priest) opened a night school for boys in Valdocco, now part of the municipality of Turin in Italy. In the following years, he opened several more schools, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armed Forces Of The Argentine Republic
The Armed Forces of the Argentine Republic () are the combined armed forces of Argentina. It is controlled by the Commander-in-Chief (the President) and a civilian Minister of Defense. In addition to the Army, Navy and Air Force, there are two security forces, controlled by the Ministry of Security, which can be mobilized on occasion of an armed conflict: the National Gendarmerie, a gendarmerie used to guard borders and places of strategic importance; and the Naval Prefecture, a coast guard used to protect internal major rivers and maritime territory. Traditionally, Argentina maintains close defense cooperation and military-supply relationships with the United States and to a lesser extent, with Israel, Canada, Germany, France, Spain, Belarus, Italy, and Russia. As of 2024, the current Chief of the General Staff is the Air Force Brigadier General Xavier Isaac. History The oldest forces of the Argentinian military are the Argentinian Army and the Argentinian Navy, both c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chilean Armed Forces
The Chilean Armed Forces () is the unified military organization comprising the Chilean Army, Air Force, and Navy. The President of Chile is the commander-in-chief of the military, and formulates policy through the Minister of Defence. In recent years and after several major reequipment programs, the Chilean Armed Forces have become one of the most technologically advanced and professional armed forces in Latin America. The Chilean Army is mostly supplied with equipment from Germany, the United States, Brazil, Israel, France, and Spain. Structure Army The current commander-in-chief of the Chilean Army is ''General de Ejército'' Sr. Javier Iturriaga del Campo. The 46,350-person army is organized under six military administrative regions and six divisional headquarters. The forces include one special forces brigade, four armoured brigades, one armoured detachment, three motorized brigades, two motorized detachments, four mountain detachments and one aviation brigade. The army ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
