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Selim I
Selim I (; ; 10 October 1470 – 22 September 1520), known as Selim the Grim or Selim the Resolute (), was the List of sultans of the Ottoman Empire, sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1512 to 1520. Despite lasting only eight years, his reign is notable for the enormous expansion of the Empire, particularly his Ottoman–Mamluk War (1516–1517), conquest between 1516 and 1517 of the entire Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt, which included all of the Levant, Hejaz, Tihamah and Egypt itself. On the eve of his death in 1520, the Ottoman Empire spanned about , having grown by seventy percent during Selim's reign. Selim's conquest of the Middle Eastern heartlands of the Muslim world, and particularly his assumption of the role of guardian of the Hajj, pilgrimage routes to Mecca and Medina, established the Ottoman Empire as the pre-eminent Muslim state. His conquests dramatically shifted the empire's geographical and cultural center of gravity away from the Balkans and toward the Middle East ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire (), also called the Turkish Empire, was an empire, imperial realm that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Central Europe, between the early 16th and early 18th centuries. The empire emerged from a Anatolian beyliks, ''beylik'', or principality, founded in northwestern Anatolia in by the Turkoman (ethnonym), Turkoman tribal leader Osman I. His successors Ottoman wars in Europe, conquered much of Anatolia and expanded into the Balkans by the mid-14th century, transforming their petty kingdom into a transcontinental empire. The Ottomans ended the Byzantine Empire with the Fall of Constantinople, conquest of Constantinople in 1453 by Mehmed II. With its capital at History of Istanbul#Ottoman Empire, Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul) and control over a significant portion of the Mediterranean Basin, the Ottoman Empire was at the centre of interacti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Custodian Of The Two Holy Mosques
His Majesty the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques (abbreviated as CTHM; ), or Protector of the Two Holy Cities, is a Royal and noble styles, royal style that has been used officially by the King of Saudi Arabia, monarchs of Saudi Arabia since 1986. The title has historically been used by many Muslim rulers in the past, including the Ayyubid dynasty, Ayyubids, the Mamluk Sultanate, Mamluks, the List of sultans of the Ottoman Empire, Ottomans and the Sharifate of Mecca, Sharifain rulers of Hejaz. The title was sometimes regarded to denote the ''de facto'' Caliph of Islam, but it mainly refers to the ruler taking the responsibility of guarding and maintaining the two Holiest sites in Islam, holiest mosques in Islam: Masjid al-Haram, Al-Haram Mosque (, 'The Sacred Mosque') in Mecca and the Prophet's Mosque () in Medina, both of which are in the Hejazi region of Saudi Arabia. The Custodian has been named the most powerful and influential person in Islam and the Sunni branch of Islam by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
AyÅŸe Hatun (consort Of Selim I)
Ayşe Hatun (; 1476 – 1539) was a Crimean princess, daughter of Meñli I Giray, and a consort of Ottoman Sultan Selim I. Biography Ayşe Hatun was married firstly in 1504 to Selim's brother Şehzade Mehmed, Sancak Bey of Kefe, son of Ferahşad Hatun and became widow by his death in same year. Her marriage was one of only two examples of marriages between the Ottoman dynasty and the Giray dynasty; the other one was those, alleged, between a Selim's daughter, maybe Gevherhan Sultan, to Saadet I Giray. After her first husband's death, the Crimean princess entered in 1511 the harem of her husband's half-brother, the future Sultan Selim I Selim I (; ; 10 October 1470 – 22 September 1520), known as Selim the Grim or Selim the Resolute (), was the List of sultans of the Ottoman Empire, sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1512 to 1520. Despite lasting only eight years, his reign is ... (1512–1520), when he was the governor of Amasya, thus securing for him, in the person ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Tekirdag
The Battle of Tekirdağ or Battle of Karshtiran was the war that broke out in 1511 as a result of the disagreement between Prince Selim and Sultan Bayezid II. It is the first and last battle in which Selim I was defeated. Battle As a result of Sultan Bayezid II choosing Prince Ahmed as his heir to the throne, Selim moved towards Edirne Edirne (; ), historically known as Orestias, Adrianople, is a city in Turkey, in the northwestern part of the Edirne Province, province of Edirne in Eastern Thrace. Situated from the Greek and from the Bulgarian borders, Edirne was the second c .... He entered Edirne with the force of 20,000 people he gathered and from there he followed his father and came to Çorlu. Prince Selim's aim was not to wage a war. His aim was to show that he played a strong role in power. He even told his father that he wanted to send his men to talk to him. However, some people were provoking Bayezid and saying that Selim's coming with such an army was only for a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ottoman Civil War (1509–1513)
The Ottoman Civil War was a war of succession in the Ottoman Empire from 1509 to 1512, during the reign of Bayezid II, between his two sons Ahmed and Selim. In 1509, Ahmed, the older claimant, won a battle against the Karaman Turks and their Safavid allies in Asia Minor and marched on ConstantinopleFinkel, Caroline, ''Osman's Dream'', (Basic Books, 2005), 57 ;"Istanbul was only adopted as the city's official name in 1930...'". to exploit his triumph. Fearing for his safety, Selim staged a revolt in Thrace but was defeated by Bayezid and forced to flee to Crimea in 1511. Bayezid II developed fears that Ahmed might then kill him to gain the throne and refused to allow his son to enter Constantinople. Though some sources suggest that the Janissaries acted on their own in preventing Ahmed from entering the city due to their loyalty to Selim. Selim returned from Crimea and, with support from the Janissaries, defeated and eventually killed Ahmed a year later in 1513 after a ser ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trabzon
Trabzon, historically known as Trebizond, is a city on the Black Sea coast of northeastern Turkey and the capital of Trabzon Province. The city was founded in 756 BC as "Trapezous" by colonists from Miletus. It was added into the Achaemenid Empire by Cyrus the Great and was later part of the independent Kingdom of Pontus that challenged Rome until 68 BC. Thenceforth part of the Roman and later Byzantine Empire, the city was the capital of the Empire of Trebizond, one of the successor states of the Byzantine Empire after the Fourth Crusade in 1204. In 1461 it came under Ottoman rule. During the early modern period, Trabzon, because of the importance of its port, again became a focal point of trade to Persia and the Caucasus. Today Trabzon is the second largest city and port on the Black Sea coast of Turkey with a population of almost 300,000. The urban population of the city is 330,836 (Ortahisar), with a metropolitan population of 822,270. Name The Turkish name of the city ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sunni Islam
Sunni Islam is the largest Islamic schools and branches, branch of Islam and the largest religious denomination in the world. It holds that Muhammad did not appoint any Succession to Muhammad, successor and that his closest companion Abu Bakr () rightfully succeeded him as the caliph of the Muslim community, being appointed at the meeting of Saqifa. This contrasts with the Succession of ʿAlī (Shia Islam), Shia view, which holds that Muhammad appointed Ali, Ali ibn Abi Talib () as his successor. Nevertheless, Sunnis revere Ali, along with Abu Bakr, Umar () and Uthman () as 'Rashidun, rightly-guided caliphs'. The term means those who observe the , the practices of Muhammad. The Quran, together with hadith (especially the Six Books) and (scholarly consensus), form the basis of all Fiqh, traditional jurisprudence within Sunni Islam. Sharia legal rulings are derived from these basic sources, in conjunction with Istislah, consideration of Maslaha, public welfare and Istihsan, jur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tughra
A tughra (; ) is a calligraphy, calligraphic monogram, Seal (emblem), seal or signature of a sultan that was affixed to all official documents and correspondence. Inspired by the Tamga, tamgha, it was also carved on his seal and stamped on the coins minted during his reign. Very elaborate decorated versions were created for important documents that were also works of art in the tradition of Ottoman illumination, such as the example of Suleiman the Magnificent in the gallery below. The tughra was designed at the beginning of the sultan's reign and drawn by the court calligrapher or ''nisanci, nişancı'' on written documents. The first tughra examples are from the 14th century. Tughras served a purpose similar to the cartouche in ancient Egypt or the Royal Cypher of British monarchs. Every Ottoman sultan had his own individual tughra. Etymology There are two main schools of thought on the origins of the word tughra. The first sees it derived from a Turkic languages, Turkic secret ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gülbahar Hatun (wife Of Bayezid II)
Gülbahar is a Turkish language, Turkish given name for females and may refer to: *Gülbahar Gözütok (born 2002), Turkish karateka *Gülbahar Hatun (wife of Mehmed II), Gülbahar Hatun, consort of Ottoman Sultan Mehmed II, Valide Hatun as the mother of Sultan Bayezid II *Gülbahar Hatun (wife of Bayezid II), Gülbahar Hatun, consort of Ottoman Sultan Bayezid II and the mother of Sultan Selim I *Mahidevran, Mahidevran Gülbahar Hatun, consort of Ottoman Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent and the mother of Şehzade Mustafa. {{DEFAULTSORT:Gulbahar Turkish feminine given names Feminine given names ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ottoman Dynasty
The Ottoman dynasty () consisted of the members of the imperial House of Osman (), also known as the Ottomans (). According to Ottoman tradition, the family originated from the Kayı tribe branch of the Oghuz Turks, under the leadership of Osman I in northwestern Anatolia in the district of Bilecik, Söğüt. The Ottoman dynasty, named after Osman I, ruled the Ottoman Empire from 1299 to 1922. During much of the Empire's history, the sultan was the absolute regent, head of state, and head of government, though much of the power often shifted to other officials such as the Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire, Grand Vizier. During the First Constitutional Era, First (1876–78) and Second Constitutional Eras (1908–20) of the late Empire, a shift to a constitutional monarchy was enacted, with the Grand Vizier taking on a prime ministerial role as head of government and heading an elected General Assembly of the Ottoman Empire, General Assembly. The imperial family was deposed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ãœveys Pasha
Üveys Pasha (1512–1547) was an Ottoman governor, and an illegitimate son of Selim I. Background According to the 16th century Ottoman historian Ali Mustafa Efendi, that Selim had a son born from an unnamed concubine during his early years, who was Üveys Pasha, and that his son Suleiman the Magnificent was also aware of this. Üveys' mother was a harem girl whose name is not known, but because of her undisciplined manners she was expelled from the harem. In Ottoman tradition, such girls were matched to a bey or to a well-to-do man. However, in her case she was already pregnant and Selim's son was born to a stepfather. Life Selim looked after his son and Üveys soon became a high-ranking bureaucrat of the empire. However, when Selim died in 1520, Üveys laid no claim to throne because of Ottoman tradition which states that princes born to a stepfather have no right to ascend to throne. (This principle was similar to Byzantine tradition of Porphyrogenitos) Suleima ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Åžah Sultan (daughter Of Selim I)
Şah Sultan (, "''sovereign''; also known as Şahıhuban, Şahi and Devlet Şah; - 1572) was an Ottoman princess, daughter of Sultan Selim I and one of his concubines. She was the half-sister of Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent Suleiman I (; , ; 6 November 14946 September 1566), commonly known as Suleiman the Magnificent in the Western world and as Suleiman the Lawgiver () in his own realm, was the List of sultans of the Ottoman Empire, Ottoman sultan between 1520 a .... Biography She married Lütfi Pasha in around 1523. He was a historian, and author, and entered the palace through the child levy. After 1512, he served as a governor in Anatolian and the Balkan provinces, actively participating in the initial siege of Vienna in 1529. His career continued to ascend as he received promotions, overseeing the beylerbeyliks of Karaman, Anatolia, and Rumelia from 1533 onwards. By 1536-37, Lütfi Pasha had become a vizier, ultimately reaching the zenith of his career in 1539 whe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
