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Self-Defence Of The Polish Nation
Self-Defence of the Polish Nation (, SNP), later Defence of the Polish Nation (, ONP) was a minor political party in Poland. The party registered on 15 July 2005 and was a split of 70 members from the left-wing agrarian socialist Self-Defence of the Republic of Poland (, SRP, referred to as ''Samoobrona''), though the party already existed as a dissident faction faction within the party since 2003. The party tried to participate in the 2006 Polish local elections and act as a spoiler party against Samoobrona, but the Polish court struck the party off the ballot because of its name and logo being too similar to SRP. In response, the party changed its name to "Defence of the Polish Nation" in October 2006. The Self-Defence of the Polish Nation was a right-nationalist split from Samoobrona and was found in response to the "social-democratisation" of the party, which transitioned from a populist protest party to an established, staunchly left-wing one. The SNP already held its own pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Self-Defence Of The Polish Nation Logo, 2005
Self-defense (self-defence primarily in Commonwealth English) is a countermeasure that involves defending the health and well-being of oneself from harm. The use of the right of self-defense as a legal justification for the use of force in times of danger is available in many jurisdictions. Physical Physical self-defense is using physical force to counter an immediate threat of violence. Such force can be either armed or unarmed. In either case, the chances of success depend on various parameters, related to the severity of the threat on one hand, but also on the mental and physical preparedness of the defender. Unarmed Many martial arts styles are practiced for self-defense or include self-defense techniques. Some styles train primarily for self-defense, while other combat sports can be effectively applied for self-defense. Some martial arts teach how to escape from a knife or gun situation or how to break away from a punch, while others teach how to attack. Many modern m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2006 Polish Local Elections
The 2006 Polish local elections were held in two parts. with its first round on 12 November and the second on 26 November 2006. In the election's first round, voters chose 39,944 gmina councillors, 6,284 powiat councillors and 561 deputies to provincial voivodeship sejmiks. Additionally, 2,460 city and town mayors, borough leaders and other officials were decided by direct or runoff elections in the second round. The elections were seen as a test to the government of Prime Minister Jarosław Kaczyński, whose coalition between his own Law and Justice party and its junior coalition partners, the Self-Defense of the Republic of Poland and the League of Polish Families, had undergone a severe crisis two months prior. Background Following the appointment of Jarosław Kaczyński as Prime Minister following the resignation of Kazimierz Marcinkiewicz, the coalition between Kaczyński's own rightist Law and Justice, the agrarian Self-Defence of the Republic of Poland and the C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christian Socialism
Christian socialism is a Religious philosophy, religious and political philosophy that blends Christianity and socialism, endorsing socialist economics on the basis of the Bible and the teachings of Jesus. Many Christian socialists believe capitalism to be idolatrous and rooted in the sin of greed. Christian socialists identify the cause of social inequality to be the greed that they associate with capitalism. Christian socialism became a major movement in the United Kingdom beginning in the 19th century. The Christian Socialist Movement, known as Christians on the Left since 2013, is one formal group, as well as a faction of the Labour Party (UK), Labour Party. According to the ''Encyclopædia Britannica'', socialism is a "social and economic doctrine that calls for public rather than private ownership or control of property and natural resources. According to the socialist view, individuals do not live or work isolated, but live in cooperation with one another. Furthermore, e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ethical Socialism
Ethical socialism is a political ideology and philosophy that appeals to socialism on ethical and moral grounds as opposed to consumeristic, economic, and egoistic grounds. It emphasizes the need for a morally conscious economy based upon the principles of altruism, cooperation, and social justice while opposing possessive individualism. In contrast to socialism inspired by historical materialism, Marxist theory, and neoclassical economics which base their appeals for socialism on grounds of economic efficiency, or historical inevitability, ethical socialism focuses on the moral and ethical reasons for advocating socialism. It became the official philosophy of several socialist parties. Ethical socialism has some significant overlap with Christian socialism, Fabianism, guild socialism, liberal socialism, social-democratic reformism, and utopian socialism. Under the influence of politicians like Carlo Rosselli in Italy, social democrats began disassociating themselves ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2001 Polish Parliamentary Election
Parliamentary elections were held in Poland on 23 September 2001. All 460 members of the Sejm and 100 senators of the Senate were elected. The election concluded with an overwhelming victory for the centre-left Democratic Left Alliance – Labor Union, the electoral coalition between the Democratic Left Alliance (SLD) and the Labour Union (UP), which captured 41% of the vote in the crucial lower house Sejm. The 2001 election is recognized as marking the emergence of both Civic Platform (PO) and Law and Justice (PiS) as players in Polish politics, while also witnessing the outright collapse of the Solidarity Electoral Action (AWS) and its former coalition partner, the Freedom Union (UW). Voter turnout for the 2001 election was 46% The 2001 election featured heavy redistricting owing to local government reforms passed in 1998. For this election only, list seats were allocated using the Sainte-Laguë method instead of the D'Hondt method. Background At the end of its four-year te ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hugo Chávez
Hugo Rafael Chávez Frías (; ; 28 July 1954 – 5 March 2013) was a Venezuelan politician, Bolivarian Revolution, revolutionary, and Officer (armed forces), military officer who served as the 52nd president of Venezuela from 1999 until Death of Hugo Chávez, his death in 2013, except for 2002 Venezuelan coup d'état attempt, a brief period of forty-seven hours in 2002. Chávez was also leader of the Fifth Republic Movement political party from its foundation in 1997 until 2007, when it merged with several other parties to form the United Socialist Party of Venezuela (PSUV), which he led until 2012. Born into a middle-class family in Sabaneta, Barinas, Chávez became a career military officer. After becoming dissatisfied with the Venezuelan political system based on the Puntofijo Pact, he founded the clandestine Revolutionary Bolivarian Movement-200 (MBR-200) in the early 1980s. Chávez led the MBR-200 in its unsuccessful Venezuelan coup attempts of 1992, coup d'état again ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Balcerowicz Plan
The Balcerowicz Plan (), also termed " Shock Therapy", was a method for rapidly transitioning from an economy based on state ownership and central planning, to a capitalist market economy. Named after the Polish minister and economist Leszek Balcerowicz, the free-market economic reforms were adopted in Poland in 1989. A group of experts, which they formed together with Balcerowicz, including Stanisław Gomułka, and , in September 1989 created a reform plan based on an earlier idea of Jeffrey Sachs, and on 6 October, an outline of this plan was presented to the public by Balcerowicz at a press conference broadcast by TVP. There was a 3 year drop in output. Similar reforms were made in a number of countries. The plan has resulted in reduced inflation and budget deficit, while simultaneously increasing unemployment and worsening the financial situation of the poorest members of society. Background The unofficial talks () at Magdalenka and then the Polish Round Table talks o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leszek Miller
Leszek Cezary Miller (Polish pronunciation: ; born 3 July 1946) is a Polish politician who served as prime minister of Poland from 2001 to 2004. He has served as a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) in 2019–2024. From 1989 to 1990, Miller was a member of the Politburo of the Polish United Workers' Party. He was the leader of the Democratic Left Alliance (Poland), Democratic Left Alliance from 1999 to 2004 and again from 2011 to 2016. Childhood and youth Leszek Miller is the great-grandson of Eliasz, son of Mośek and Sura Miller, born in 1840 in Kutno. Eliasz Miller converted from Judaism to Christianity in 1869 in Nieborów. Leszek Miller was born in Żyrardów, Miller comes from a poor, working-class family: His father was a tailor and his mother a needlewoman. His parents broke up when Miller was six months old. His father, Florian Miller left the family and Leszek has never maintained any contact with him. His mother brought him up in a religious spirit – followin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Confidence And Supply
In parliamentary system, parliamentary democracies based on the Westminster system, confidence and supply is an arrangement under which a minority government (one which does not control a majority in the legislature) receives the support of one or more parties or independent MPs on Motion of no confidence, confidence votes and Government budget, the state budget ("supply"). On issues other than those outlined in the confidence and supply agreement, non-government partners to the agreement are not bound to support the government on any given piece of legislation. A coalition government is a more formal arrangement than a confidence-and-supply agreement, in that members from junior parties (i.e., parties other than the largest) gain positions in the Cabinet (government), cabinet and Minister (government), ministerial roles, and are generally expected to hold the government Whip (politics), whip on passing legislation. Confidence In most parliamentary democracies, members of a p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Self-Defence Social Movement
Self-Defence Social Movement (, SRS) was a political faction within Self-Defence of the Republic of Poland (, SRP) and later an independent political party. Social Movement emerged as a political faction within SRP in early 2000s amongst the local activists of the party in Mazowsze. The faction placed particular emphasis on agrarianism and rural interests. It also fought for social justice and defended people against evictions. In 2006, Social Movement entered into conflict with party leader Andrzej Lepper over the party's electoral lists for the 2006 Polish local elections, which included many newcomers and non-members at expense of long-serving members of the party. The conflict came to a head when the leader of the faction :pl:Sławomir Izdebski, Sławomir Izdebski demanded expulsions of Krzysztof Filipek from the party. Lepper responded by expelling Izdebski from the party instead, prompting Social Movement to break away from SRP and become an independent political party in Febr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
