|
Sebeș Formation
The Sebeș Formation is a geological formation in Romania. It is of Maastrichtian age. It is laterally equivalent to the Sard Formation. The base of the formation consists of claystones interbedded with sandstones and conglomerates. It is well known for its fossils which form a component of the Hațeg Island fauna. Paleobiota Turtles Dinosaurs Indeterminate Hadrosauroidea, hadrosauroid fossils have been unearthed here. Pterosaurs References Cretaceous Romania Upper Cretaceous Series of Europe Maastrichtian Stage {{Europe-geologic-formation-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geological Formation
A geological formation, or simply formation, is a body of rock having a consistent set of physical characteristics (lithology) that distinguishes it from adjacent bodies of rock, and which occupies a particular position in the layers of rock exposed in a geographical region (the stratigraphic column). It is the fundamental unit of lithostratigraphy, the study of strata or rock layers. A formation must be large enough that it can be mapped at the surface or traced in the subsurface. Formations are otherwise not defined by the thickness (geology), thickness of their rock strata, which can vary widely. They are usually, but not universally, tabular in form. They may consist of a single lithology (rock type), or of alternating beds of two or more lithologies, or even a heterogeneous mixture of lithologies, so long as this distinguishes them from adjacent bodies of rock. The concept of a geologic formation goes back to the beginnings of modern scientific geology. The term was used by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hadrosauroidea
Hadrosauroidea is a clade or superfamily of ornithischian dinosaurs that includes the "duck-billed" dinosaurs, or Hadrosauridae, and all dinosaurs more closely related to them than to ''Iguanodon''. Their remains have been recovered in Asia, Europe, Africa and the Americas. Many primitive hadrosauroids, such as the Asian '' Probactrosaurus'' and '' Altirhinus'', have traditionally been included in a paraphyletic (unnatural grouping) " Iguanodontidae". With cladistic analysis, the traditional Iguanodontidae has been largely disbanded, and probably includes only ''Iguanodon'' and perhaps its closest relatives. Classification Hadrosauroidea was given a formal phylogenetic definition in the ''PhyloCode'' by Daniel Madzia and colleagues in 2021 as "the largest clade containing '' Hadrosaurus foulkii'', but not '' Iguanodon bernissartensis''". The cladogram below follows an analysis by Andrew McDonald, 2012, and shows the position of Hadrosauroidea within Styracosterna: The cladogram ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eurazhdarcho
''Eurazhdarcho'' is a genus of azhdarchid pterosaur that lived during the Maastrichtian age of the Late Cretaceous period in what is now Romania, about 69 million years ago. Starting in 2009, pterosaur fossil remains were unearthed in a layer of the Sebeș Formation in Lancrăm, southwestern Transylvania by paleontologist Mátyás Vremir. In 2013, he, along with paleontologists Alexander Kellner, Darren Naish, and Gareth Dyke would name the new genus and type species ''Eurazhdarcho langendorfensis''. Its generic name is a combination of Europe and the genus ''Azhdarcho'', while its specific name is in reference to its origin from Langendorf (the name of Lancrăm in the language of the German ethnic minority in Romania). The holotype specimen of ''Eurazhdarcho'' consists of a partial skeleton that includes cervical (neck) vertebrae, metacarpal, and phalanx fragments. The related and much larger azhdarchid ''Hatzegopteryx'' has also been found in the same location, indicating a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hatzegopteryx
''Hatzegopteryx'' (" Hațeg basin wing") is a genus of azhdarchid pterosaur found in the late Maastrichtian deposits of the Densuş Ciula Formation, an outcropping in Transylvania, Romania. It is known only from the type species, ''Hatzegopteryx thambema'', named by paleontologists Eric Buffetaut, Dan Grigorescu, and Zoltan Csiki in 2002 based on parts of the skull and humerus. Additional specimens, including a neck vertebra, were later placed in the genus, representing a range of sizes. The largest of these remains indicate it was among the biggest pterosaurs, with an estimated wingspan of . Unusually among giant azhdarchids, ''Hatzegopteryx'' had a very wide skull bearing large muscular attachments, bones with a spongy internal texture instead of being hollow, and a short, robust, and heavily muscled neck measuring long, which was about half the length of other azhdarchids with comparable wingspans and was capable of withstanding strong bending forces. ''Hatzegopteryx'' in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Enantiornithes
The Enantiornithes, also known as enantiornithines or enantiornitheans in literature, are a group of extinct Avialae, avialans ("birds" in the broad sense), the most abundant and diverse group known from the Mesozoic era. Almost all retained teeth and clawed fingers on each wing, but otherwise looked much like modern birds externally. Over seventy species of Enantiornithes have been named, but some names represent only single bones, so it is likely that not all are valid. The Enantiornithes became extinct at the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary, along with Hesperornithes and all other non-avian dinosaurs. Discovery and naming The first Enantiornithes to be discovered were incorrectly referred to modern bird groups. For example, the first known species of Enantiornithes, ''Gobipteryx minuta'', was originally considered a paleognath related to ostriches and tinamou. The Enantiornithes were first recognized as a distinct lineage, or "subclass" of birds, by Cyril A. Walker in 1981. W ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zalmoxes
''Zalmoxes'' is a genus of rhabdodontid ornithopod dinosaur from the Maastrichtian age of the Late Cretaceous in what is now Romania. The genus is known from specimens first named as the species '' Mochlodon robustum'' in 1899 by Franz Nopcsa before being reclassified as '' Rhabdodon robustum'' by him in 1915. In 1990, this name was corrected to ''Rhabdodon robustus'' by George Olshevsky and, in 2003, the species was once more reclassified as the type species ''Zalmoxes robustus''. ''Zalmoxes'' refers to the Dacian deity Zalmoxis and ''robustus'' refers to the robustness of the remains. Also in 2003, another species was named, ''Zalmoxes shqiperorum'', named for the Albanian name for Albanians. History of discovery ''Zalmoxes'' was first known from numerous fossils found in Transylvania, which were named as the species '' Mochlodon robustus'' by Baron Franz Nopcsa in 1899. The specific name referred to its robust build. In 1915, Nopcsa renamed the species to '' Rhabdodon r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Telmatosaurus
''Telmatosaurus'' (meaning "marsh lizard") is a genus of basal (phylogeny), basal hadrosauromorph dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous of Romania. It was a relatively small hadrosaur, measuring approximately in length and in body mass, which has been explained as an instance of insular dwarfism. Discovery In 1895 some peasants presented Ilona Nopcsa, the daughter of their lord, with a dinosaur skull they had found at the estate (land), estate Săcele in the district Hunedoara (then named Hunyad) in Transylvania. Ilona had an elder brother, Ferenc or Franz Nopcsa von Felső-Szilvás who was inspired by the find to become a paleontology student at the University of Vienna. In 1899 Nopcsa named the skull ''Limnosaurus transsylvanicus''. The generic name was derived from Greek λιμνή, ''limné'', "swamp", a reference to the presumed swamp-dwelling habits of hadrosaurs. The specific name (zoology), specific name referred to Transylvania. Later Nopcsa discovered that the name ''Lim ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Struthiosaurus
''Struthiosaurus'' (Latin ''struthio'' = ostrich + Greek ''sauros'' = lizard) is a genus of nodosaurid dinosaurs, from the Late Cretaceous period (Santonian-Maastrichtian) of Austria, Romania, France and Hungary in Europe.''Struthiosaurus'' in The Dinosaur Encyclopaedia at Dino Russ's Lair It was a small dinosaur, measuring in length and weighing . History of discovery In 1859, geologist at the ''Gute Hoffnung'' coal mine at Muthmannsdorf near |
Şard Formation
Sard is a dark reddish-brown variety of the mineral chalcedony, similar to carnelian. Sard may also refer to: * Sard's lemma, a result in mathematical analysis, named after mathematician Arthur Sard * Anything from, or related to the Mediterranean island of Sardinia **Sardinians, a people hailing from the aforementioned island ** Sardinian, a language spoken on Sardinia **Sardinian literature ** Sardinian music ** Sardinian history **Sardinian (sheep) * Sardis, the capital city of the ancient kingdom of Lydia * Sard, Khuzestan, a village in Khuzestan Province, Iran * Sard, Lorestan, a village in Lorestan Province, Iran * Sard, a planet in the Gradius video game series Şard may refer to: *Şard (), a village in Ighiu Commune, Alba County, Romania *Șoarș, a commune in Braşov County, Romania * Şardu, a village in Cluj County, Romania * Şapartoc, a village in Mureș County, Romania * Şardu Nirajului, a village in Mureș County, Romania * Şoard, a village in Mureș County, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Magyarosaurus
''Magyarosaurus'' (" Hungarian lizard") is a genus of dwarf sauropod dinosaur from late Cretaceous Period (early to late Maastrichtian) in Romania. It is one of the smallest-known adult sauropods, measuring less than long and weighing less than . The type and only species is ''Magyarosaurus dacus''. It has been found to be a close relative of '' Rapetosaurus'' in the family Saltasauridae in the sauropod clade Titanosauria in a 2005 study. Discovery Remains belonging to at least ten individuals have been recovered since 1895 from the Hunedoara region (Sânpetru Formation) in the area which was, at the time of their discovery, Hungary, but is now western Romania. Initially they were named ''Titanosaurus dacus'', the specific name referring to the Dacians (who had lived in that place about 2000 years ago), by Baron Nopcsa in 1915. In 1932, Friedrich von Huene reassigned this taxon to a new genus, ''Magyarosaurus'', and he also named two other species within the genus: ''M. hung ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Balaur Bondoc As Avialan
A balaur ( pl. ''balauri'') in Romanian folklore is a type of many-headed dragon or monstrous serpent, sometimes said to be equipped with wings. The number of heads is usually around three, but they can also have seven heads or even twelve heads according to some legends. The balaur in folktale is typically evil, demanding or abducting young maidens or the princess, and defeated by the hero such as Saint George or the fair youth Făt-Frumos. There is some lore in which the balaur is considered weather-making, and living in an airborne state, but these types of balaur are sometimes interchangeably called ''hala'' or ''ala'', being confounded with the pan-Slavic air and water demon. The balaur (instead of the zmeu) is the vehicle of the weather-controlling Solomonari according to some sources. There are also legends about the balaur in which they can produce precious stones from their saliva. Also, it is said that whoever manages to slay it will be forgiven a sin. General de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elopteryx
''Elopteryx'' is a genus of paravian theropod dinosaur based on fragmentary fossils found in Late Cretaceous rocks of Romania. The single species, ''Elopteryx nopcsai'', was known only from very incomplete material until new specimens were reported in the 21st century. '' Balaur bondoc'' might represent a junior synonym of this taxon. History of discovery and naming Initial finds In the late nineteenth or early twentieth century, the famous Hungarian paleontologist Franz Nopcsa von Felső-Szilvás found near Sînpetru, in what is now the Romanian region of Transylvania, some bone fragments of a small theropod. These were acquired by the British Museum of Natural History. In 1913, curator Charles William Andrews named these as the type species ''Elopteryx nopcsai''. The genus name ''Elopteryx'' is from Ancient Greek ''helos'' (ἕλος), "marsh" + ''pteryx'' (πτέρυξ), "wing". The specific name honors Nopcsa. Initially, ''Elopteryx'' was described from its holotype, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
