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Seaside (software)
Seaside, an acronym that stands for “Squeak Enterprise Aubergines Server with Integrated Development Environment,” is computer software, a web framework to develop web applications in the programming language Smalltalk. It is distributed as free and open-source software under an MIT License. Seaside provides a component architecture in which web pages are built as trees of individual, stateful components, each encapsulating a small part of a page. Seaside uses continuations to model multiple independent flows between different components. Thus, it is a continuation-based web framework based on the ability to manipulate the execution stack of some implementations of Smalltalk. Key features Although subsequent improvement of state handling in web browser JavaScript engines have meant this aspect is less important today, Seaside's method of handling of browser state (via continuations) was an initial point of interest in the first years following its 2002 release. This mechani ...
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GitHub
GitHub () is a Proprietary software, proprietary developer platform that allows developers to create, store, manage, and share their code. It uses Git to provide distributed version control and GitHub itself provides access control, bug tracking system, bug tracking, software feature requests, task management, continuous integration, and wikis for every project. Headquartered in California, GitHub, Inc. has been a subsidiary of Microsoft since 2018. It is commonly used to host open source software development projects. GitHub reported having over 100 million developers and more than 420 million Repository (version control), repositories, including at least 28 million public repositories. It is the world's largest source code host Over five billion developer contributions were made to more than 500 million open source projects in 2024. About Founding The development of the GitHub platform began on October 19, 2005. The site was launched in April 2008 by Tom ...
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Integrated Development Environment
An integrated development environment (IDE) is a Application software, software application that provides comprehensive facilities for software development. An IDE normally consists of at least a source-code editor, build automation tools, and a debugger. Some IDEs, such as IntelliJ IDEA, Eclipse (software), Eclipse and Lazarus (software), Lazarus contain the necessary compiler, interpreter (computing), interpreter or both; others, such as SharpDevelop and NetBeans, do not. The boundary between an IDE and other parts of the broader software development environment is not well-defined; sometimes a version control system or various tools to simplify the construction of a graphical user interface (GUI) are integrated. Many modern IDEs also have a class browser, an object browser, and a class diagram, class hierarchy diagram for use in object-oriented programming, object-oriented software development. Overview Integrated development environments are designed to maximize progra ...
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VisualWorks
VisualWorks (formerly ObjectWorks, afterward Cincom Smalltalk) is a cross-platform implementation of the Smalltalk language. It is implemented as a development system based on ''images'', which are dynamic collections of software objects, each contained in a system image. The lineage of VisualWorks goes back to the first Smalltalk-80 implementation by Xerox PARC. In the late 1980s, a group of Smalltalk-80 developers spun off ParcPlace Systems to further develop Smalltalk-80 as a commercial product. The commercial product was initially named ObjectWorks, and then VisualWorks. On August 31, 1999, the VisualWorks product was sold to Cincom Systems. VisualWorks runs under many operating systems, including Windows, macOS, Linux, and several Unix versions. VisualWorks supports cross-platform development projects, because of its built-in multi-platform features. For example, a graphical user interface (GUI) application needs to be developed only once, and can then be switched to dif ...
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Squeak
Squeak is an object-oriented, class-based, and reflective programming language. It was derived from Smalltalk-80 by a group that included some of Smalltalk-80's original developers, initially at Apple Computer, then at Walt Disney Imagineering, where it was intended for use in internal Disney projects. The group later was supported by HP Labs, SAP, and most recently, Y Combinator. Squeak runs on a stack virtual machine (VM), allowing for a high degree of portability. The Squeak system includes code for generating a new version of the VM on which it runs, along with a VM simulator written in Squeak. Developers Dan Ingalls, an important contributor to the Squeak project, wrote the paper upon which Squeak is built, and constructed the architecture for five generations of the Smalltalk language. Alan Kay is an important contributor to the Squeak project, and Squeak incorporates many elements of his proposed Dynabook concept. User interface frameworks Squeak includes fo ...
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Pharo
Pharo is a Cross-platform software, cross-platform implementation of the classic Smalltalk-80 programming language and runtime system. It is based on the OpenSmalltalk virtual machine (VM) named Cog, which evaluates a dynamic, Reflective programming, reflective, and Object-oriented programming, object-oriented programming language with a Syntax (programming languages), syntax closely resembling Smalltalk#Syntax, Smalltalk-80. It is free and open-source software, released under a mix of MIT License, MIT, and Apache License, Apache 2 licenses. Pharo is shipped with source code compiled into a ''system image'' that contains all software needed to run Pharo. Like the original Smalltalk-80, Pharo provides several live programming features such as immediate object manipulation, Reflective programming, live updates, and just-in-time compilation (JIT). The system image includes an integrated development environment (IDE) to modify its components. Pharo was forked from Squeak v3.9 in M ...
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Comet (programming)
Comet is a web application model in which a long-held HTTPS request allows a web server to push data to a browser, without the browser explicitly requesting it. ''Comet'' is an umbrella term, encompassing multiple techniques for achieving this interaction. All these methods rely on features included by default in browsers, such as JavaScript, rather than on non-default plugins. The Comet approach differs from the original model of the web, in which a browser requests a complete web page at a time. The use of Comet techniques in web development predates the use of the word ''Comet'' as a neologism for the collective techniques. Comet is known by several other names, including ''Ajax Push'', ''Reverse Ajax'', ''Two-way-web'', ''HTTP Streaming'', and '' HTTP server push'' among others. The term ''Comet'' is not an acronym, but was coined by Alex Russell in his 2006 blog post. In recent years, the standardisation and widespread support of WebSocket and Server-sent events has render ...
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Script
Script may refer to: Writing systems * Script, a distinctive writing system, based on a repertoire of specific elements or symbols, or that repertoire * Script (styles of handwriting) ** Script typeface, a typeface with characteristics of handwriting * Script (Unicode), historical and modern scripts as organised in Unicode glyph encoding Arts, entertainment, and media * Script (comics), the story and dialogue for a comic book or comic strip * Script (video games), the narrative and text of a video game * Manuscript, any written document, often story-based and unpublished * Play (theatre), the story, dialogue and stage directions for a theatrical production * Rob Wagner's ''Script'', a defunct literary magazine edited by Rob Wagner * Screenplay, the story, dialogue, action and locations for film or television * Scripted sequence, a predefined series of events in a video game triggered by player location or actions * The Script, an Irish band ** ''The Script'' (album), their ...
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Ajax (programming)
Ajax (also AJAX ; short for "asynchronous I/O, asynchronous JavaScript and XML") is a set of web development techniques that uses various web technologies on the client-side to create asynchronous web applications. With Ajax, web applications can send and retrieve data from a Web server, server asynchronously (in the background) without interfering with the display and behaviour of the existing page. By decoupling the data exchange, data interchange layer from the presentation layer, Ajax allows web pages and, by extension, web applications, to change content dynamically without the need to reload the entire page. In practice, modern implementations commonly utilize JSON instead of XML. Ajax is not a technology, but rather a programming pattern. Hypertext Markup Language, HTML and Cascading Style Sheets, CSS can be used in combination to mark up and style information. The webpage can be modified by JavaScript to dynamically display (and allow the user to interact with) the new i ...
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Closure (computer Programming)
In programming languages, a closure, also lexical closure or function closure, is a technique for implementing lexically scoped name binding in a language with first-class functions. Operationally, a closure is a record storing a function together with an environment. The environment is a mapping associating each free variable of the function (variables that are used locally, but defined in an enclosing scope) with the value or reference to which the name was bound when the closure was created. Unlike a plain function, a closure allows the function to access those ''captured variables'' through the closure's copies of their values or references, even when the function is invoked outside their scope. History and etymology The concept of closures was developed in the 1960s for the mechanical evaluation of expressions in the λ-calculus and was first fully implemented in 1970 as a language feature in the PAL programming language to support lexically scoped first-class functio ...
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Callback (computer Programming)
In computer programming, a callback is a function that is stored as data (a reference) and designed to be called by another function often ''back'' to the original abstraction layer. A function that accepts a callback parameter may be designed to call back before returning to its caller which is known as '' synchronous'' or ''blocking''. The function that accepts a callback may be designed to store the callback so that it can be called back after returning which is known as ''asynchronous'', '' non-blocking'' or ''deferred''. Programming languages support callbacks in different ways such as function pointers, lambda expressions and blocks. A callback can be likened to leaving instructions with a tailor for what to do when a suit is ready, such as calling a specific phone number or delivering it to a given address. These instructions represent a callback: a function provided in advance to be executed later, often by a different part of the system and not necessarily by t ...
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