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Satta Doom
Satta Doom (fl. late 16th to early 17th century), also spelt as Satta Dum, was a drummer and author of eight verses found within the Guru Granth Sahib. Biography He was born a Muslim in a Doom-Mirasi family. He started playing music for the Sikhs during the guruship of Guru Angad. He was a drummer whilst his brother, Balvand Rai, was a rababi (rebec player). Some sources describe him as a rababi, like his brother, rather than a drummer. Other sources do not ascribe a brotherly blood relation between Satta Doom and Balvand Rai.'''' They would play kirtan at the Sikh gurus' '' durbar'' (court). At some point, him and his brother abandoned the company and employment of the Guru but returned after facing hardships, where they were forgiven. They then wrote hymns for penance for their past mistakes, which would form part of the Adi Granth. The compositions he co-composed with his brother Balvand can be found on pages 966–968 of the Guru Granth Sahib under the title of ''Ramkal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sikhism
Sikhism is an Indian religion and Indian philosophy, philosophy that originated in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent around the end of the 15th century CE. It is one of the most recently founded major religious groups, major religions and among the largest in the world with about 25–30million adherents, known as Sikhs. Sikhism developed from the spiritual teachings of Guru Nanak (1469–1539), the faith's first guru, and the nine Sikh gurus who succeeded him. The tenth guru, Guru Gobind Singh (1666–1708), named the Guru Granth Sahib, which is the central religious scripture in Sikhism, was their successor. This brought the line of human gurus to a close. Sikhs regard the Guru Granth Sahib as the 11th and eternally living guru. The core beliefs and practices of Sikhism, articulated in the Guru Granth Sahib and other Sikh scriptures, include faith and meditation in the name of the one creator (''Ik Onkar''), the divine unity and equality of all humankind, engaging ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kirtan
Sikh ''kirta''n with Indian harmoniums and '' Kenya.html" ;"title="tabla'' drums (a common and popular pairing), in Kenya">tabla'' drums (a common and popular pairing), in Kenya (1960s) ''Kirtana'' (; ), also rendered as ''Kiirtan'', ''Kirtan'' or ''Keertan'', is a Sanskrit word that means "narrating, Bhajan, reciting, telling, describing" of an idea or story, specifically in Indian religions. It also refers to a genre of religious performance arts, connoting a musical form of narration, shared recitation, or devotional singing, particularly of spiritual or religious ideas, native to the Indian subcontinent. A person performing kirtan is known as a ''kirtankara'' (or ''kirtankar,'' कीर्तनकार). With roots in the Vedic ''anukirtana'' tradition, a kirtan is a call-and-response or antiphonal style song or chant, set to music, wherein multiple singers recite the names of a deity, describe a legend, express loving devotion to a deity, or discuss spiritual idea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sikh Writers
Sikhs (singular Sikh: or ; , ) are an ethnoreligious group who adhere to Sikhism, a religion that originated in the late 15th century in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent, based on the revelation of Guru Nanak. The term ''Sikh'' has its origin in the Sanskrit word ', meaning 'seeker', or . According to Article I of Chapter 1 of the Sikh Rehat Maryada, Sikh ''Rehat Maryada'' (), the definition of Sikh is: Any human being who faithfully believes in One Immortal Being Ten Gurus, from Guru Nanak Sahib to Guru Gobind Singh Sahib The Guru Granth Sahib The utterances and teachings of the ten Gurus and The initiation, known as the Amrit Sanskar, Amrit Sanchar, bequeathed by the tenth Guru and who does not owe allegiance to any other religion, is a Sikh. Male Sikhs generally have ''Singh'' () as their last name, though not all Singhs are necessarily Sikhs; likewise, female Sikhs have ''Kaur'' () as their last name. These unique last names were given by the Gurus to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bhai Mardana
Bhai Mardana (; 1459 — 1534) was one of the first Sikhs and longtime companion of Guru Nanak Dev, first in the line of gurus noted in Sikhism. Bhai Mardana was a Muslim by-birth who would accompany Guru Nanak Dev on his journeys and became one of his first disciples and followers, and converted to the newly established religion. Bhai Mardana was born to a Mirasi Muslim family, a couple, Badra and Lakkho, of Rai Bhoi di Talwandi, now Nankana Sahib of Pakistan. He was the seventh born, all other children had died at birth. He had very good knowledge of music and played rabāb when Guru Nanak sung Gurbani. Swami Haridas (teacher of Tansen) was the disciple of Bhai Mardana and learnt Classical Music Classical music generally refers to the art music of the Western world, considered to be #Relationship to other music traditions, distinct from Western folk music or popular music traditions. It is sometimes distinguished as Western classical mu ... from him. Guru Nanak and Bha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Babak (Rababi)
Babak (died 1642), was a Sikh rababi or musician, who kept Guru Hargobind company and recited sacred hymns at morning and evening. Biography He was a Muslim at birth. His name Babak, from Persian, means faithful. Babak performed the final rites of Bhai Satta and Rai Balvand. Babak did this by digging the graves for the deceased on the banks of the River Ravi. After the service he performed the kirtan on the site where Guru Hargobind sat. He took part in the Battle of Amritsar in 1634 where he helped evacuate Bibi Veero, Guru Hargobind's daughter, to Guru Hargobind's camp. Before Guru Hargobind passed away he asked Babak to return to Amritsar. Babak listened to the Guru and retired to Amritsar where he died in 1642. His last words are said to be, “Waheguru”. See also * Bhai Mardana * Balvand Rai * Satta Doom Satta Doom (fl. late 16th to early 17th century), also spelt as Satta Dum, was a drummer and author of eight verses found within the Guru Granth Sahib. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sikh Music
Sikh music, also known as Gurbani Sangeet (; meaning ''music of'' ''the speech of wisdom'')'','' and as Gurmat Sangeet (; meaning ''music of the counsel or tenets of the Guru'')'','' or even as Shabad Kirtan (), is the classical music style that is practised within Sikhism. It exists in institutional, popular, and folk traditions, forms, and varieties. Three types of Sikh musicians are rababis, ragis, and dhadhis. Sikh music exists in various melodic modes, musical forms, styles, musicians, and performance contexts. Terminology Whilst the term ''Gurmat Sangeet'' has come to be used as a name for all Sikh ''kirtan'' performed as per the prescribed ragas found within the Sikh scripture, Inderjit Kaur believes a more fitting term for the raga genre is "rāg-ādhārit shabad kīrtan". She further believes that the Sikh musicology as a whole should be referred to as "''gurmat sangīt shāstar/vigyān''", of which, raga kirtan is a genre found within. History Period of the Sikh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pakhavaj
The ''pakhavaj'' is a barrel-shaped, two-headed drum, originating from the Indian subcontinent, kendang of Maritime Southeast Asia and other South Asian double-headed drums. Its older forms were made with clay. It is the percussion instrument most commonly used in the dhrupad style of Indian classical music and less often used as a rhythm accompaniment for various other sub-forms of music and dance performances (e.g. kathak, odissi, marathi). It has a low, mellow tone that is quite rich in harmonics. The sides of the pakhawaj are made with animal skin (often goat skin). The pakhavaj players place the instrument horizontally in front of themselves as they sit on the floor with legs crossed. The players may sometimes place a cushion under the narrower treble face to lift it slightly. A right-handed person places the larger bass-skin on the left side and the treble skin on the right. The bass face tends to be smeared with some fresh wheat dough which acts as the ''kiran'' and g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panj Takht
A takht, or takhat (), literally means a throne or seat of authority and is a spiritual and temporal centre of Sikhism. There are five takhts (), which are five gurudwaras that have a very special significance for the Sikh community. Three are located in Punjab whilst the remaining two are located outside of it. The first and the most important takht was established by Guru Hargobind in 1609: Akal Takht (the Throne of the Timeless God), located just opposite the gate of Harmandir Sahib (The Golden Temple), in Amritsar. While the Harmandir Sahib, or Golden Temple, represents Sikh spiritual guidance, the Akal Takht symbolizes the dispensing of justice and temporal activity. It is the highest seat of temporal authority of the Khalsa and the seat of the Sikh religion's earthly authority. There, the Guru held his court and decided matters of military strategy and political policy. Later on, the Sikh Nation (Sarbat Khalsa) took decisions here on matters of peace and war and settled ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Durbar (court)
Durbar is a Persian-derived term (from ) referring to the noble court of a king or ruler or a formal meeting where the king held all discussions regarding the state. It was used in South Asia for a ruler's court or feudal levy. A durbar may be either a feudal state council for administering the affairs of a princely state, or a purely ceremonial gathering, as was increasingly the case during British rule in India. The most famous durbars belonged to powerful emperors and kings. In the north of India, cities like Baroda, Gwalior, Udaipur, Jaipur, Jodhpur, Jaisalmer, Agra, and the city of Lahore in Pakistan have palaces and forts that adorn such halls. The Mughal emperor Akbar had two halls—one for his ministers, and the other for the general public. Usually, durbar halls are lavishly decorated with the best possible materials available at the time. In the south of India, the Mysore Palace had a number of such halls, especially the Peacock Hall, having colour tinted glasses i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rababi
Rababi (Gurmukhi: ਰਬਾਬੀ) is a term used to refer to a player of the Seni rebab, rabab instrument. In the Sikh liturgical tradition, there are three types of musicians—rababis, Ragi (Sikhism), ragis, and Dhadi (music), dhadhis, all of which flourished during the period of the Sikh gurus, gurus. The descendants remained rababis to all the 10 gurus, keeping alive rabab music. History Indian temple art of the first century A.D. depicted the Gandharan lute, though the ancestor of the rabab in India is likely the Persian instrument of the same name. The rabab, in its various forms, proliferated throughout West, Central, South Asia, South and Southeast Asia. Those rababs used in Hindustani classical music of northern India are plucked. Guru Nanak started the Sikh rababi tradition by engaging Bhai Mardana as his accompanist. The Muslim singers formerly called ''mirasi'', were rechristened ''rababi'' by Nanak, because they played on the Rubab (instrument), rabab. Musical ex ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jori (instrument)
Jori, Jodi, Dhamma, or Jorhi (sometimes Jori-Pakhawaj) is a South Asian percussion instrument made up of two individual drums. The Jori originates from the Punjab region of South Asia. Historically, the Jori has accompanied Gurbani Kirtan. Prominent exponents of the Jori include Ustad Sukhvinder Singh "Pinky". Bhai Baldeep Singh, Sardar Jasdeep Singh, Bhai Surdarshan Singh and Bhai Gian Singh Namdhari. In its construction, the Jori is similar to the Tabla. The key differences being the use of a larger ''dayan/chathoo (also known as Poorra)'' (treble drum), and a wooden barrel-shaped ''bayan/dagga'' (bass drum) with ''atta'' (dough) instead of the ''syahi/gub'', which is called a "Dhamma" . History and origin The Jori, Jodi, or Jorhi was first created by the fifth Sikh guru, Guru Arjun Dev Ji when 2 bards of his court, Satta and Balwand, wanted to separate the much older and venerable Pakhavaj into two instruments, similar to the tabla. Due to this, the Jori and Tabla are oft ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guru Angad
Guru Angad (31 March 1504 – 29 March 1552; , ) was the second of the ten Sikh gurus of Sikhism. After meeting Guru Nanak, the founder of Sikhism, becoming a Sikh, and serving and working with Nanak for many years, Nanak gave Lehna the name Angad ("my own limb"), and chose Angad as the second Sikh Guru. After the death of Nanak in 1539, Angad led the Sikh tradition. He is remembered in Sikhism for adopting and formalising the Gurmukhi alphabet. He began the process of compiling the hymns of Nanak and contributed 62 or 63 ''Saloks'' of his own. Instead of his own son, he chose his disciple Amar Das as his successor and the third Guru of Sikhism. Biography Early life Angad was born on 31 March 1504 with the birth name of Lehna (also transliterated as Lahina) in the village of Matte-di-Sarai (now Sarainaga) in Muktsar district of the Punjab region. He was the son of a small but successful trader named Pheru Mal. His mother's name was Mata Ramo (also known as Mata Sabhirai, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
