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Satmar (Hasidic Dynasty)
Satmar (; ) is a group in Hasidic Judaism founded in 1905 by Grand Rebbe Joel Teitelbaum (1887–1979), in the city of Szatmárnémeti (also called Szatmár in the 1890s), Hungary (now Satu Mare in Romania). The group is a branch of the Sighet Hasidic dynasty. Following World War II, it was re-established in New York and has since grown to become one of the largest Hasidic dynasties in the world, comprising around 26,000 households making up a population of nearly 300 thousand members. Satmar is characterized by extreme conservatism, complete rejection of modern culture, and strong religious anti-Zionism. The community sponsors a comprehensive education and media network in Yiddish, which is also the primary language used by its members. Satmar also sponsors and leads the Central Rabbinical Congress, which serves as an umbrella organization for other highly conservative, anti-Zionist, and mostly Hungarian-descended ultra-Orthodox communities. Following the death of Joel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Synagogue
A synagogue, also called a shul or a temple, is a place of worship for Jews and Samaritans. It is a place for prayer (the main sanctuary and sometimes smaller chapels) where Jews attend religious services or special ceremonies such as weddings, bar and bat mitzvahs, choir performances, and children's plays. They often also have rooms for study, social halls, administrative and charitable offices, classrooms for religious and Hebrew studies, and many places to sit and congregate. They often display commemorative, historic, or modern artwork alongside items of Jewish historical significance or history about the synagogue itself. Synagogues are buildings used for Jewish prayer, study, assembly, and reading of the Torah. The Torah (Pentateuch or Five Books of Moses) is traditionally read in its entirety over a period of a year in weekly portions during services, or in some synagogues on a triennial cycle. However, the edifice of a synagogue as such is not essential for hol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siget (Hasidic Dynasty)
Siget or Ujhel-Siget or Sighet Hasidism, or Sigter Hasidim, is a movement of Hungarian Haredi Jews who adhere to Hasidism, and who are referred to as ''Sigeter Hasidim''. Sighet Hasidism originated in the town of Máramarossziget, Hungary (, now Sighetu Marmației, Romania). Siget is the parent dynasty of the more famous Satmar Hasidic dynasty. Since 1980, the leadership of Siget and Satmar have been united in the person of the Admor of Satmar, though the two groups continue to operate separate synagogues and retain differences in certain customs. Founding Hasidism was brought to Hungary by Rabbi Moshe Teitelbaum of Ujhel (known as the "''Yismach Moshe''"), a disciple of the "Chozeh of Lublin", Rabbi Yaakov Yitzchak of Lublin. The Sighet Hasidic dynasty began with Rabbi Yekusiel Yehuda Teitelbaum (I) (1808–1883), his grandson. The town of Sighet was in need of a rabbi to lead the Beis Din and answer the Jewish towns-people's religious questions. Teitelbaum applied, and w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sighetu Marmației
Sighetu Marmației (, also spelled ''Sighetul Marmației''; or ''Siget''; , ; ; ), until 1960 Sighet, is a city in Maramureș County near the Iza River, in northwestern Romania. Geography Sighetu Marmației is situated along the Tisa river on the border with Ukraine, across from the Ukrainian town of Solotvyno. Neighboring communities include: Sarasău, Săpânța, Câmpulung la Tisa, Ocna Șugatag, Giulești, Vadu Izei, Rona de Jos and Bocicoiu Mare communities in Romania, Bila Cerkva community and the Solotvyno township in Ukraine (Zakarpattia Oblast). The city administers five villages: Iapa (''Kabolapatak''), Lazu Baciului (''Bácsiláz''), Șugău (''Sugó''), Valea Cufundoasă (''Mélypatak'') and Valea Hotarului (''Határvölgy''). Demographics At the 2021 census, Sighetu Marmației had a population of 32,793. At the 2011 census, the city had 37,640 inhabitants; of those, 82.2% were Romanians, 13% Hungarians, 2.3% Ukrainians, and Roma. According to the 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chaim Tzvi Teitelbaum
Rabbi Chaim Tzvi Teitelbaum (December 28, 1879 – January 21, 1926) (''6 shevat 5686'' on the Hebrew calendar), the Sigheter Rebbe, author of ''Atzei Chaim'', was the oldest son of Rabbi Chananya Yom Tov Lipa Teitelbaum, the ''Kedushas Yom Tov''. He was the elder brother of Rabbi Joel Teitelbaum, and the father of Rabbi Moshe Teitelbaum, both rebbes of Satmar. Biography Chaim Tzvi Teitelbaum married Bracha Sima Halberstam, a sister of '' Rebbitzen'' Chaya Freidel Halberstam, who was the wife of Rabbi Ben Zion Halberstam, the second Bobover Rebbe. Together, they had four children. One was Rabbi Moshe Teitelbaum, the late Satmar Rebbe. Another was Rabbi Yekutiel Yehuda Teitelbaum, who succeeded him as Sigheter Rebbe until he was murdered in the Holocaust. One daughter married Rabbi Yekusiel Yehudah Halberstam, the Sanz-Klausenburg'er Rebbe, but she also was murdered in the Holocaust. Their youngest daughter, Chana, married Rabbi Yechiel Yehuda Isaacson, who was known as t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chananya Yom Tov Lipa Teitelbaum
Chananya Yom Tov Lipa Teitelbaum (22 May 1836 – 15 February 1904)Yizhak Raphael, Shalom Hayim Parush, Yitshak Alfasi. ''Entsiklopedyah la-Hasidut''. Mosad ha-Rav Kuk (1980). OCLC 13175627. p. 20. was the Grand Rebbe of Siget, and the author of ''Kedushath Yom Tov'', a Hasidic commentary on the Torah he wrote in 1895. Biography Rabbi Teitelbaum was born in Sztropkó, the son of Rabbi Yekusiel Yehuda Teitelbaum of Máramarossziget, the ''Yeitev Lev'', and Ruchl Ashkenazi, the daughter of Rabbi Moshe Dovid Ashkenazi of Tolcsva. He served as rabbi at Técső, before he went to Sighet after his father's death in 1883. He had two sons: Rabbi Chaim Tzvi Teitelbaum, the author of ''Atzei Chaim''; and Rabbi Joel Teitelbaum, author of ''Divrei Yoel'' and ''VaYoel Moshe'', who was the rabbi of Satmar Satmar (; ) is a group in Hasidic Judaism founded in 1905 by Grand Rebbe Joel Teitelbaum (1887–1979), in the city of Szatmárnémeti (also called Szatmár in the 1890s), Kingd ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marcin Wodziński
Marcin Wodziński is a professor of Jewish studies at the University of Wrocław, where he heads the Taube Department of Jewish Studies. His research is centered on the 19th century social history of Jews in Silesia and Eastern Europe (chiefly the areas that had historically comprised Poland), and particularly on Haskalah and the Hasidic movement within Judaism. He has employed both qualitative as well as geospatial and quantitative methods in his study of Hasidism playing a pioneering role in the understanding of geographic factors in its development in former Poland and Eastern Europe. This approach features notably in hi''Historical Atlas of Hasidism'' complemented by his other closely interrelated books on the movement's history in the context of wider socio-historical processes in the region: wit''Hasidism: Key Questions'' [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zalman Leib Teitelbaum
Yekusiel Yehuda Teitelbaum (III), known by the Yiddish colloquial name Zalman Leib (born 23 December 1951), is one of the two Grand Rebbes of Satmar. He leads the dynasty's Williamsburg, Brooklyn faction, which is based at the community's central Congregation Yetev Lev D'Satmar on Rodney Street, Brooklyn. He is the dean of the Satmar yeshiva in Queens, New York. Early life and career Teitelbaum is the third son born to Moshe Teitelbaum, the Grand Rebbe of the Satmar Hasidim, in Williamsburg, Brooklyn. His older brother is Aaron. Early on, Teitelbaum became the rabbi of the Sighet synagogue in nearby Borough Park, which had once been his father's synagogue. He later became the rabbi of the Satmar Hasidim in Jerusalem. In May 1999, he was designated by his father to lead the Williamsburg congregation at 152 Rodney Street, which was seen as a signal that Teitelbaum was to become the chief rabbi after his father's death. Additionally, he controls approximately ten smaller syn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aaron Teitelbaum
Aaron Teitelbaum (born 20 October 1947) is one of the two Grand Rebbes of Satmar, and the chief rabbi of the Satmar community in Kiryas Joel, New York. Background Aaron Teitelbaum is the oldest son of the late Grand Rabbi of Satmar Moshe Teitelbaum, who was the nephew of the late Satmar Rebbe, Grand Rabbi Joel Teitelbaum. Aaron Teitelbaum married Sasha, the daughter of Grand Rabbi Moshe Yehoshua Hager, the previous Vizhnitzer Rebbe of Bnei Brak, Israel. In 1985, Aaron Teitelbaum was appointed as the chief rabbi and rosh yeshiva of the Satmar congregation in Kiryas Joel, which gave him authority over all the community's affairs. Some of the residents of Kiryas Joel at that time resented the appointment of Aaron, having issues with his personality and controlling nature. Satmar succession feud In May 1999, Moshe Teitelbaum appointed his second son, Zalman Teitelbaum, as the local leader of the Williamsburg congregation. This was seen by some as a signal from Moshe tha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moshe Teitelbaum (Satmar)
Moshe (Moses) Teitelbaum (; November 17, 1914 – April 24, 2006) was a Hasidic rebbe and the world leader of the Satmar Hasidim. Early life Moshe Teitelbaum was born on November 17, 1914, in Újfehértó, Hungary. He was the second son of Rabbi Chaim Tzvi Teitelbaum, author of ''Atzei Chaim'', the previous Sigheter Rebbe. His mother, Bracha Sima, hailed from the prominent Halbershtam family. Moshe and his older brother, Yekusiel Yehuda Teitelbaum, were orphaned in 1926, when they were eleven and fourteen, respectively. Moshe was raised by family friends and relatives, including his uncle, Joel Teitelbaum, and his grandfather, Rabbi Shulem Eliezer Halberstam of Ratzfert.פתגמין קדישין תכ"ג Teitelbaum received rabbinical ordination, and was appointed dean of the Karacscka yeshiva. In 1936, Teitelbaum married Leah Meir, daughter of Rabbi Hanoch Heinoch Meir of Karecska. In 1939, he became the rabbi of Senta, Yugoslavia (now Serbia). In late spring 1944, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central Rabbinical Congress
The Central Rabbinical Congress (in full: Central Rabbinical Congress of the US and Canada, commonly abbreviated to CRC; ) is a rabbinical organization that is a consortium of various Haredi Jewish groups, with offices in Brooklyn, New York. History In the aftermath of World War II, when thousands of Jewish survivors arrived in the United States and began the process of rebuilding the dozens of communities which were decimated in the Holocaust, this organization was founded in 1953, with the stated goal of serving as an umbrella rabbinical body to unite the newly transplanted Haredi communities, and to provide said communities with all of their religious needs. The organization was founded by the rebbe of Satmar, Rabbi Joel Teitelbaum, alongside Rabbi Levi Yitzchok Greenwald of Tzehlim, Rabbi Yosef Greenwald of Pupa, Rabbi Shimon Yisroel Posen of Shopron, Rabbi Yonasan Steif of Vien, and Rabbi Moshe Teitelbaum of Siget, who later assumed the title of rebbe of Satmar. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Religious Anti-Zionism
While anti-Zionism usually utilizes ethnic and political arguments against the existence or policies of the state of Israel, anti-Zionism has also been expressed within religious contexts which have, at times, colluded and collided with the ethnopolitical arguments over Israel's legitimacy. Outside of the liberal and socialist fields of anti-Zionist currents, the religious (and often ethnoreligious) arguments tend to predominate as the driving ideological power within the incumbent movements and organizations, and usually target the Israeli state's relationship with Judaism. Within Judaism From the beginning of the Zionist movement, there were many traditional religious Jews who opposed it due to their opposition to nationalism (Jewish or otherwise) which they regarded as a secular ideology, and because of an inherent suspicion of change. Much of the thought generated by traditional religious anti-Zionism is focused on the Three Oaths, a portion of the Talmud which forbids wag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
