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Satala Aphrodite
The Satala Aphrodite is a larger-than-life–sized head of an ancient Hellenistic art, Hellenistic statue discovered in Satala (classical Armenia Minor, present-day :tr:Sadak, Kelkit, Sadak, Gümüşhane Province, Turkey). It was acquired by the British Museum in 1873, a year after its discovery, and is on display in the museum's Department of Greek and Roman Antiquities. Whether it represents the Greek goddess Aphrodite or her Armenian equivalent Anahit is the subject of debate. It is usually dated around the 2nd–1st centuries BC. The head is widely depicted in Armenian culture as an iconic symbol of the country's pre-Christian history. Discovery and acquisition by the British Museum An investigation in 1874 by Alfred Biliotti found that the head was found by an old man named Youssouf, in 1872, who was digging with an pickaxe his field, at a depth of around , near the village of Sadak, in what was once the ancient Roman fortress of Satala, on the Kelkit River, north of Erzincan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bronze
Bronze is an alloy consisting primarily of copper, commonly with about 12–12.5% tin and often with the addition of other metals (including aluminium, manganese, nickel, or zinc) and sometimes non-metals, such as phosphorus, or metalloids such as arsenic or silicon. These additions produce a range of alloys that may be harder than copper alone, or have other useful properties, such as strength, ductility, or machinability. The archaeological period in which bronze was the hardest metal in widespread use is known as the Bronze Age. The beginning of the Bronze Age in western Eurasia and India is conventionally dated to the mid-4th millennium BCE (~3500 BCE), and to the early 2nd millennium BCE in China; elsewhere it gradually spread across regions. The Bronze Age was followed by the Iron Age starting from about 1300 BCE and reaching most of Eurasia by about 500 BCE, although bronze continued to be much more widely used than it is in modern times. Because histori ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Ewart Gladstone
William Ewart Gladstone ( ; 29 December 1809 – 19 May 1898) was a British statesman and Liberal politician. In a career lasting over 60 years, he served for 12 years as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, spread over four non-consecutive terms (the most of any British prime minister) beginning in 1868 and ending in 1894. He also served as Chancellor of the Exchequer four times, serving over 12 years. Gladstone was born in Liverpool to Scottish parents. He first entered the House of Commons in 1832, beginning his political career as a High Tory, a grouping which became the Conservative Party under Robert Peel in 1834. Gladstone served as a minister in both of Peel's governments, and in 1846 joined the breakaway Peelite faction, which eventually merged into the new Liberal Party in 1859. He was chancellor under Lord Aberdeen (1852–1855), Lord Palmerston (1859–1865) and Lord Russell (1865–1866). Gladstone's own political doctrine—which emphasised e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reynold Higgins
Reynold Alleyne Higgins (born 26 November 1916 in Weybridge, Surrey; died 18 April 1993 in Dunsfold, Surrey) was a Classical Archaeologist. He worked at the department of Greek and Roman Antiquities at the British Museum from 1947 to 1977, finishing his career as Acting Keeper. He was also Chairman of the Managing Committee of the British School at Athens from 1975 to 1979. He was elected a Fellow of the British Academy in 1972. He was educated at Sherborne School and Pembroke College, Cambridge.‘HIGGINS, Reynold Alleyne’, Who Was Who, A & C Black, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing plc, 1920–2016 Books *''Greek and Roman Jewellery''. London, Methuen 1961 *''Greek terracotta figures''. London, British Museum 1969, *''The Greek Bronze Age''. London, British Museum 1970, *''The Archaeology of Minoan Crete''. London, The Bodley Head 1973, *''Jewellery from classical lands ''. London, British Museum 1976, *''The Aegina treasure: an archaeological mystery''. London, Br ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Terence Mitford
Terence Bruce Mitford FBA FSA (sometimes known as Terence Bruce-Mitford) (11 May 1905 – 8 November 1978) was a Scottish archaeologist and classicist. He spent his whole career at the University of St Andrews, and had a special interest in the history and archaeology of Cyprus and southern Turkey, making many expeditions to these areas. His academic life was interrupted by the Second World War, during which he served with the Special Air Service and Special Boat Service. Biography Mitford was born in Yokohama, Japan. His father was Charles Eustace Bruce Mitford, and Mitford's name was sometimes given as "Bruce-Mitford". A brother was Rupert Bruce-Mitford. Mitford was educated at Dulwich College before reading Literae Humaniores at Jesus College, Oxford – his rugby-playing interfered with his studies, and he did not obtain as high a class of degree as hoped. He spent his entire career at the University of St Andrews, teaching Latin text and prose composition, but his m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vrej Nersessian
Vrej Nersessian ( hy, Վրէժ Ներսէսեան) (born 1948) is the Curator of the Christian Middle East Section (Asia, Pacific and African Collections) at the British Library, London. Life He is a senior priest of the Armenian Apostolic Church , native_name_lang = hy , icon = Armenian Apostolic Church logo.svg , icon_width = 100px , icon_alt = , image = Էջմիածնի_Մայր_Տաճար.jpg , imagewidth = 250px , a ..., holds a doctorate in theology from the King's College London, writes on the Christian Middle East, and is the author of a number of works on Armenian Christian art and Christianity, including ''Treasures from the Ark: 1700 Years of Armenian Christian Art'' (The British Library, 2001), ''The Bible in the Armenian Tradition'' (The J. Paul Getty Museum, 2001), the ''Armenian Illuminated Gospel Books'' (The British Library, 1987), and The ''Tondrakian Movement'' (Kahn & Averill, 1987). He is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
James R
James is a common English language surname and given name: *James (name), the typically masculine first name James * James (surname), various people with the last name James James or James City may also refer to: People * King James (other), various kings named James * Saint James (other) * James (musician) * James, brother of Jesus Places Canada * James Bay, a large body of water * James, Ontario United Kingdom * James College, a college of the University of York United States * James, Georgia, an unincorporated community * James, Iowa, an unincorporated community * James City, North Carolina * James City County, Virginia ** James City (Virginia Company) ** James City Shire * James City, Pennsylvania * St. James City, Florida Arts, entertainment, and media * ''James'' (2005 film), a Bollywood film * ''James'' (2008 film), an Irish short film * ''James'' (2022 film), an Indian Kannada-language film * James the Red Engine, a character in ''Tho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert H
The name Robert is an ancient Germanic given name, from Proto-Germanic "fame" and "bright" (''Hrōþiberhtaz''). Compare Old Dutch ''Robrecht'' and Old High German ''Hrodebert'' (a compound of '' Hruod'' ( non, Hróðr) "fame, glory, honour, praise, renown" and '' berht'' "bright, light, shining"). It is the second most frequently used given name of ancient Germanic origin. It is also in use as a surname. Another commonly used form of the name is Rupert. After becoming widely used in Continental Europe it entered England in its Old French form ''Robert'', where an Old English cognate form (''Hrēodbēorht'', ''Hrodberht'', ''Hrēodbēorð'', ''Hrœdbœrð'', ''Hrœdberð'', ''Hrōðberχtŕ'') had existed before the Norman Conquest. The feminine version is Roberta. The Italian, Portuguese, and Spanish form is Roberto. Robert is also a common name in many Germanic languages, including English, German, Dutch, Norwegian, Swedish, Scots, Danish, and Icelandic. It c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Drapery
Drapery is a general word referring to cloths or textiles (Old French , from Late Latin ). It may refer to cloth used for decorative purposes – such as around windows – or to the trade of retailing cloth, originally mostly for clothing, formerly conducted by drapers. Drape Drape (draping or fabric drape) is the property of different textile materials how they fold, fall, or hang over a three-dimensional body. Draping depends upon the fiber characteristics and the flexibility, looseness, and softness of the material. Draped garments follow the form of the human body beneath them. Art In art history, drapery refers to any cloth or textile depicted, which is usually clothing. The schematic depiction of the folds and woven patterns of loose-hanging clothing on the human form, with ancient prototypes, was reimagined as an adjunct to the female form by Greek vase-painters and sculptors of the earliest fifth century and has remained a major source of stylistic formul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glass Casting
Glass casting is the process in which glass objects are cast by directing molten glass into a mould where it solidifies. The technique has been used since the 15th century BCE in both Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia. Modern cast glass is formed by a variety of processes such as kiln casting or casting into sand, graphite or metal moulds. History Roman period During the Roman period, moulds consisting of two or more interlocking parts were used to create blank glass dishes. Glass could be added to the mould either by frit casting, where the mould was filled with chips of glass (called frit) and then heated to melt the glass, or by pouring molten glass into the mould.Stern, E.M., Roman Mould-blown Glass, Rome, Italy: L'Erma di Fretshneidur in association with the Toledo Museum of Art. Evidence from Pompeii suggests that molten hot glass may have been introduced as early as the mid-1st century CE. Blank vessels were then annealed, fixed to lathes and cut and polished on all surfa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Redox
Redox (reduction–oxidation, , ) is a type of chemical reaction in which the oxidation states of substrate (chemistry), substrate change. Oxidation is the loss of Electron, electrons or an increase in the oxidation state, while reduction is the gain of electrons or a decrease in the oxidation state. There are two classes of redox reactions: * ''Electron-transfer'' – Only one (usually) electron flows from the reducing agent to the oxidant. This type of redox reaction is often discussed in terms of redox couples and electrode potentials. * ''Atom transfer'' – An atom transfers from one substrate to another. For example, in the rusting of iron, the oxidation state of iron atoms increases as the iron converts to an oxide, and simultaneously the oxidation state of oxygen decreases as it accepts electrons released by the iron. Although oxidation reactions are commonly associated with the formation of oxides, other chemical species can serve the same function. In hydrogen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bazmavep
''Bazmavep'' (''Pazmaveb'' in Western Armenian; hy, Բազմավէպ, "Polyhistory") is an academic journal covering Armenian studies. It is published by the Mechitarist monastery in San Lazzaro degli Armeni, Venice, Italy. According to Robert H. Hewsen, it is the first Armenian scholarly journal. and the longest-running Armenian publication still being published. ''Bazmavep'' was established by Gabriel Aivazovsky and Ghevond Alishan in May 1843, with the initial intention of publishing for three years. Previous editors-in-chief have been Gabriel Aivazovsky (1843–48) and Ghevont Alishan (1849-51). The current editor is Serop Chamurlian. In its earliest decades, ''Bazmavep'' was an economic-philological biweekly journal, aiming to convey enlightening ideas, useful tips, ways to revive economic, political and careful life to the readers. In the first period, the magazine was occupied by religious-moral programs, the latest discoveries in the fields of science and industry, infor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
San Lazzaro Degli Armeni
San Lazzaro degli Armeni (, "Saint Lazarus of the Armenians"; called Saint Lazarus Island in English sources; hy, Սուրբ Ղազար, Surb Ghazar) is a small island in the Venetian Lagoon which has been home to the monastery of the Mekhitarists, an Armenian Catholic congregation, since 1717. It is one of the two primary centers of the congregation, along with the Mekhitarist Monastery of Vienna. The islet lies to the southeast of Venice proper and west of the Lido and covers an area of . Settled in the 9th century, it was a leper colony during the Middle Ages, but fell into disuse by the early 18th century. In 1717 San Lazzaro was ceded by the Republic of Venice to Mkhitar Sebastatsi, an Armenian Catholic monk, who established a monastery with his followers. It has since been the headquarters of the Mekhitarists and, as such, one of the world's prominent centers of Armenian culture and Armenian studies. Numerous important publications, such as the first complete diction ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
