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Santuario De La Virgen De La Peña, Calatayud
The Santuario de la Virgen de la Peña, in translation, the Sanctuary of the Virgin of the Crag is a Mudéjar-style, Roman Catholic church located on a hilltop above the town of Calatayud, region of Aragon, Spain. History The church was built atop the site of the no longer extant Castle de la Peña, of which only ruins remain. By 1180, the church had been made a collegiate church, staffed by Augustinian canons, and was much favored by the Aragonese royalty. The church was remodeled in 1343, but had to be rebuilt after the War of the Two Peters. In 1632 the parishes of this church and Santa María la Mayor were joined, and the church ultimately passed to the order of Franciscans. In 1649, it became the ''Congregación de Esclavos de la Virgen de la Peña'' (''Congregation of Slaves of the Virgen de la Peña''). In 1808, when the French forces invaded the town, they found it just abandoned by its Franciscan occupants, and took control of the site for a barracks and fort. They left it ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mudéjar Architecture
Mudéjar were Muslims who remained in Iberia in the Late Middle Ages, late medieval period following the Reconquista, Christian reconquest. It is also a term for Mudéjar art, which was greatly influenced by Islamic art, but produced typically by Christian craftsmen for Christian patrons. ''Mudéjar'' was used in contrast to both Muslims in Muslim-ruled areas (for example, Muslims of Granada before 1492) and Moriscos, who were often forcibly converted and may or may not have continued to secretly practice Islam. The corresponding term for Christians living under Muslim rule is Mozarabs. Starting from the eleventh century, when larger regions previously under Muslim control fell to Christian kingdoms, treaties were established with the remaining Muslim population which defined their status as Mudejar. Their status, modelled after the dhimmi, established a parallel society with its own religious, legal, administrative and fiscal autonomy and institutions, while being subject to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roman Catholic
The Catholic Church (), also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.27 to 1.41 billion baptized Catholics worldwide as of 2025. It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions and has played a prominent role in the history and development of Western civilization. O'Collins, p. v (preface). The church consists of 24 ''sui iuris'' (autonomous) churches, including the Latin Church and 23 Eastern Catholic Churches, which comprise almost 3,500 dioceses and eparchies around the world, each overseen by one or more bishops. The pope, who is the bishop of Rome, is the chief pastor of the church. The core beliefs of Catholicism are found in the Nicene Creed. The Catholic Church teaches that it is the one, holy, catholic and apostolic church founded by Jesus Christ in his Great Commission, that its bishops are the successors of Christ's apostles, and that the pope is the successor of Saint Peter, upo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calatayud
Calatayud (; 2014 pop. 20,658) is a Municipalities of Spain, municipality in the Province of Zaragoza, within Aragón, Spain, lying on the river Jalón (river), Jalón, in the midst of the Sistema Ibérico mountain range. It is the second-largest town in the province after the capital, Zaragoza, and the largest town in Aragón other than the three provincial capitals. It is the seat of the Comarcas of Spain, comarca of Comunidad de Calatayud, Calatayud. Its population has been declining during the last decade due to migration. The town motto is ''Muy noble, leal, siempre augusta y fidelísima ciudad de Calatayud'' ("The very noble, loyal, always august and most faithful town of Calatayud"). The first democratic elections after Francoist Spain, Francisco Franco's regime were called for 15 June 1977. In Calatayud they were held one day earlier than all the rest of Spain, in order to prepare for a visit there by King Juan Carlos I. Highways and railways The town is located by the Ca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aragon
Aragon ( , ; Spanish and ; ) is an autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community in Spain, coextensive with the medieval Kingdom of Aragon. In northeastern Spain, the Aragonese autonomous community comprises three provinces of Spain, provinces (from north to south): Province of Huesca, Huesca, Province of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, and Province of Teruel, Teruel. Its capital is Zaragoza. The current Statute of Autonomy declares Aragon a ''nationalities and regions of Spain, historic nationality'' of Spain. Covering an area of , the region's terrain ranges diversely from permanent glaciers to verdant valleys, rich pasture lands and orchards, through to the arid steppes of the central lowlands. Aragon is home to many rivers—most notably, the river Ebro, Spain's largest river in volume, which runs west–east across the entire region through the province of Zaragoza. It is also home to the Pyrenees#Highest summits, highest mountains of the Pyrenees. , the population of Arago ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
War Of The Two Peters
The War of the Two Peters (, ), also known as the Castilian–Aragonese War of 1356–1369, was fought from 1356 to 1369 between the crowns of Castile and Aragon. The conflict was a struggle between two claimants to the throne of Castile, Peter of Castile and Peter IV of Aragon. The former Peter was supported by England and several English nobles led by Edward III and his son, while the latter Peter was supported by France. The conflict also brought in the involvement of the kingdoms of Navarre and Portugal. The war resulted in Aragon gaining the upper hand, but it also devastated its economy that was already reeling from the effects of the Black Death. Background At the beginning of the fourteenth century, Castile was suffering from unrest caused by its civil war, which was fought between the local and allied forces of the reigning king, Peter of Castile, and his half-brother Henry of Trastámara over the right to the crown. Peter IV of Aragon supported Henry of Trastáma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Santa María La Mayor, Calatayud
Santa Claus (also known as Saint Nicholas, Saint Nick, Father Christmas, Kris Kringle or Santa) is a legendary figure originating in Western Christianity, Western Christian culture who is said to Christmas gift-bringer, bring gifts during the late evening and overnight hours on Christmas Eve. Christmas elf, Christmas elves are said to make the gifts in Santa's Santa's workshop, workshop, while Santa Claus's reindeer, flying reindeer pull his sleigh through the air. The popular conception of Santa Claus originates from Saint Nicholas (European folklore), folklore traditions surrounding the 4th-century Christian bishop Saint Nicholas, the patron saint of children. Saint Nicholas became renowned for his reported generosity and secret gift-giving. The image of Santa Claus shares similarities with the English figure of Father Christmas, and they are both now popularly regarded as the same person. Santa is generally depicted as a portly, jolly, white-bearded man, often with spectac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
