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Sandwich Theory
Sandwich theoryPlantema, F, J., 1966, Sandwich Construction: The Bending and Buckling of Sandwich Beams, Plates, and Shells, Jon Wiley and Sons, New York.Zenkert, D., 1995, An Introduction to Sandwich Construction, Engineering Materials Advisory Services Ltd, UK. describes the behaviour of a beam, plate, or shell which consists of three layers—two facesheets and one core. The most commonly used sandwich theory is linear and is an extension of first-order beam theory. The linear sandwich theory is of importance for the design and analysis of sandwich panels, which are of use in building construction, vehicle construction, airplane construction and refrigeration engineering. Some advantages of sandwich construction are: * Sandwich cross-sections are composite. They usually consist of a low to moderate stiffness core which is connected with two stiff exterior facesheets. The composite has a considerably higher shear stiffness to weight ratio than an equivalent beam made of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glare Honeycomb
Glare may refer to: * Glare (vision), difficulty seeing in the presence of very bright light * Glaring, a facial expression of squinted eyes and look of contempt * A call collision in telecommunications * GLARE, Glass reinforced aluminium, an advanced aerospace material * Gloor, family name from Aargau, Switzerland, also written as Glares, Glarer, Glaren, Glar, or Glaar ;Music * Glare (band), an American shoegaze band * Glare (album), ''Glare'' (album), a 2001 album by Leo O'Kelly * ''The Glare'', 2009 album by British musicians Michael Nyman with David McAlmont * "Glare", 2000 song by Japanese band Edge of Spirit * "Glare", 2013 song by Japanese band Defspiral See also * Glair * Glarus {{disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Young's Modulus
Young's modulus (or the Young modulus) is a mechanical property of solid materials that measures the tensile or compressive stiffness when the force is applied lengthwise. It is the modulus of elasticity for tension or axial compression. Young's modulus is defined as the ratio of the stress (force per unit area) applied to the object and the resulting axial strain (displacement or deformation) in the linear elastic region of the material. Although Young's modulus is named after the 19th-century British scientist Thomas Young, the concept was developed in 1727 by Leonhard Euler. The first experiments that used the concept of Young's modulus in its modern form were performed by the Italian scientist Giordano Riccati in 1782, pre-dating Young's work by 25 years. The term modulus is derived from the Latin root term '' modus'', which means ''measure''. Definition Young's modulus, E, quantifies the relationship between tensile or compressive stress \sigma (force per unit ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Finite Element Method
Finite element method (FEM) is a popular method for numerically solving differential equations arising in engineering and mathematical modeling. Typical problem areas of interest include the traditional fields of structural analysis, heat transfer, fluid flow, mass transport, and electromagnetic potential. Computers are usually used to perform the calculations required. With high-speed supercomputers, better solutions can be achieved and are often required to solve the largest and most complex problems. FEM is a general numerical method for solving partial differential equations in two- or three-space variables (i.e., some boundary value problems). There are also studies about using FEM to solve high-dimensional problems. To solve a problem, FEM subdivides a large system into smaller, simpler parts called finite elements. This is achieved by a particular space discretization in the space dimensions, which is implemented by the construction of a mesh of the object: the numer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Finite Difference Method
In numerical analysis, finite-difference methods (FDM) are a class of numerical techniques for solving differential equations by approximating Derivative, derivatives with Finite difference approximation, finite differences. Both the spatial domain and time domain (if applicable) are Discretization, discretized, or broken into a finite number of intervals, and the values of the solution at the end points of the intervals are approximated by solving algebraic equations containing finite differences and values from nearby points. Finite difference methods convert ordinary differential equations (ODE) or partial differential equations (PDE), which may be Nonlinear partial differential equation, nonlinear, into a system of linear equations that can be solved by matrix algebra techniques. Modern computers can perform these linear algebra computations efficiently, and this, along with their relative ease of implementation, has led to the widespread use of FDM in modern numerical analysi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sandwich Bending
A sandwich is a dish typically consisting variously of meat, cheese, sauces, and vegetables used as a filling between slices of bread, or placed atop a slice of bread; or, more generally, any dish in which bread serves as a ''container'' or ''wrapper'' for another food type, and allows it to be a finger food. The sandwich began as a portable, convenient food in the Western world, though over time it has become prevalent worldwide. There has been social media debate over the precise definition of ''sandwich'', specifically whether a hot dog or open sandwich can be categorized as such. Other items, like hamburgers and burritos, were also considered. In the United States, the Department of Agriculture (USDA) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) are the responsible agencies for protecting the definition of ''sandwich''. The USDA uses the definition, "at least 35% cooked meat and no more than 50% bread" for closed sandwiches, and "at least 50% cooked meat" for open sandwich ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coefficient Of Thermal Expansion
Thermal expansion is the tendency of matter to increase in length, area, or volume, changing its size and density, in response to an increase in temperature (usually excluding phase transitions). Substances usually contract with decreasing temperature (thermal contraction), with rare exceptions within limited temperature ranges ('' negative thermal expansion''). Temperature is a monotonic function of the average molecular kinetic energy of a substance. As energy in particles increases, they start moving faster and faster, weakening the intermolecular forces between them and therefore expanding the substance. When a substance is heated, molecules begin to vibrate and move more, usually creating more distance between themselves. The relative expansion (also called strain) divided by the change in temperature is called the material's coefficient of linear thermal expansion and generally varies with temperature. Prediction If an equation of state is available, it can be used t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stress (mechanics)
In continuum mechanics, stress is a physical quantity that describes forces present during deformation. For example, an object being pulled apart, such as a stretched elastic band, is subject to ''tensile'' stress and may undergo elongation. An object being pushed together, such as a crumpled sponge, is subject to ''compressive'' stress and may undergo shortening. The greater the force and the smaller the cross-sectional area of the body on which it acts, the greater the stress. Stress has dimension of force per area, with SI units of newtons per square meter (N/m2) or pascal (Pa). Stress expresses the internal forces that neighbouring particles of a continuous material exert on each other, while ''strain'' is the measure of the relative deformation of the material. For example, when a solid vertical bar is supporting an overhead weight, each particle in the bar pushes on the particles immediately below it. When a liquid is in a closed container under pressure, each ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beam Theory
Beam may refer to: Streams of particles or energy *Light beam, or beam of light, a directional projection of light energy **Laser beam * Radio beam *Particle beam, a stream of charged or neutral particles ** Charged particle beam, a spatially localized group of electrically charged particles ***Cathode ray, or electron beam or e-beam, streams of electrons observed in discharge tubes ***X-ray beam, a penetrating form of high-energy electromagnetic radiation ** Molecular beam, a beam of particles moving at approximately equal velocities People * Beam (rapper) (born 1995), American hip hop artist * Anong Beam, Canadian Ojibwe artist and curator * Carl Beam (1943–2005), Indigenous Canadian artist Arts, entertainment and media * Beam (music), a connection line in musical notation * ''Beam'' (single album), by Hoshi X Woozi, 2025 * ''The Beam'' (fairy tale), the Brothers Grimm tale 149 * BEAM.TV, an online digital delivery and content management platform * BEAM Channel 31, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
