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Salik
A sālik is a follower of Sufism, from the verb ''salaka'' which means to travel or follow, related to ''sulūk'' "pathway". ''Sulūk'' here specifically refers to a spiritual path, i.e. the combination of the two "paths" that can be followed in religion, the exoteric path or shariah, and the esoteric path or haqiqa. The "path" metaphor is derived from the Qur'an: see sura 16, (An-Nahl, The Bees), ayat 69: :''faslukī subula rabbiki dhululan'' "and follow the ways of your Lord made easy or you, which uses the imperative of the verb ''salaka'' which means to follow or to travel. A ''sālik'' is also called murid when one becomes a disciple to one particular spiritual teacher (murshid) or a Sufi master. See also * Tariqa A ''tariqa'' () is a religious order of Sufism, or specifically a concept for the mystical teaching and spiritual practices of such an order with the aim of seeking , which translates as "ultimate truth". A tariqa has a (guide) who plays the ... * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sufism
Sufism ( or ) is a mysticism, mystic body of religious practice found within Islam which is characterized by a focus on Islamic Tazkiyah, purification, spirituality, ritualism, and Asceticism#Islam, asceticism. Practitioners of Sufism are referred to as "Sufis" (from , ), and historically typically belonged to "orders" known as (pl. ) — congregations formed around a grand (saint) who would be the last in a Silsilah, chain of successive teachers linking back to Muhammad, with the goal of undergoing (self purification) and the hope of reaching the Maqam (Sufism), spiritual station of . The ultimate aim of Sufis is to seek the pleasure of God by endeavoring to return to their original state of purity and natural disposition, known as . Sufism emerged early on in Islamic history, partly as a reaction against the expansion of the early Umayyad Caliphate (661–750) and mainly under the tutelage of Hasan al-Basri. Although Sufis were opposed to dry legalism, they strictly obs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Murid
In Sufism, a (Arabic ) is a novice committed to spiritual enlightenment by (traversing a path) under a spiritual guide, who may take the title , or . A or Sufi follower only becomes a when he makes a pledge () to a . The equivalent Persian term is . The initiation Initiation is a rite of passage marking entrance or acceptance into a group or society. It could also be a formal admission to adulthood in a community or one of its formal components. In an extended sense, it can also signify a transformatio ... process of a is known as () or . Before initiation, a is instructed by his guide, who must first accept the initiate as his disciple. Throughout the instruction period, the typically experiences waridates like visions and dreams during personal spiritual awrads and exercises. These visions are interpreted by the . A common practice among the early Sufi orders was to grant a or a robe to the upon the initiation or after he had progressed through a series ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Talibe
A talibé (also spelled ''talibe'', plural ''talibés''; , 'student'; pl. ) is a boy, usually from Senegal, the Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Chad, Mali or Mauritania, who studies the Quran at a daara (West African equivalent of madrasa). This education is guided by a teacher known as a marabout. In most cases talibés leave their parents to stay in the daara. Within Senegal, the term ''talibé'' can be used in a wider context, “for instance to denote a militant adherent of a political party.” Overview The talibé's relationship with his marabout is one of “devotion and strict obedience.” The marabout provides “guidance, protection, and intercession” for the talibé. A talibé's allegiance to his marabout is expressed through economic support or tithes. The views on talibés in Senegalese society are diverse. Some individuals, ethnic groups and religious denominations promote the raising of talibés while others reject the practice. Among those who support it the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Murid
In Sufism, a (Arabic ) is a novice committed to spiritual enlightenment by (traversing a path) under a spiritual guide, who may take the title , or . A or Sufi follower only becomes a when he makes a pledge () to a . The equivalent Persian term is . The initiation Initiation is a rite of passage marking entrance or acceptance into a group or society. It could also be a formal admission to adulthood in a community or one of its formal components. In an extended sense, it can also signify a transformatio ... process of a is known as () or . Before initiation, a is instructed by his guide, who must first accept the initiate as his disciple. Throughout the instruction period, the typically experiences waridates like visions and dreams during personal spiritual awrads and exercises. These visions are interpreted by the . A common practice among the early Sufi orders was to grant a or a robe to the upon the initiation or after he had progressed through a series ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wasil (Sufism)
In Sufism, a ''wāṣil'' (; 'one who reaches') is a murid or salik who accomplished and finished crossing the path of ''sulūk''. Presentation The ''wāṣil'' is the sufi who has reached the spiritual stage where the divine Hijab is unveiled on his qalb. When the ''Hijab'' is unveiled on the qalb of the ''salik'' and the '' tajalli'' manifests itself before him, one speaks that the sufi has reached the maqam of the ''wuṣūl'' (). Indeed, the good niyyah of the ''murid'' to follow the mystical path of ''suluk'' introduces him into the phase of ''salik'' which hangs him on a spiritual cord which connects his ''qalb'' to divine mercy. Kinds The ''wāṣil'' is presented in sufism according to several qualities which are: * Siddiq *Wali *Al-Insān al-Kāmil * Rabbani * Majzoob * Muqarrab * See also *Talibe *Murid *Salik A sālik is a follower of Sufism, from the verb ''salaka'' which means to travel or follow, related to ''sulūk'' "pathway". ''Sulūk'' here specifically ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Majzoob (Sufism)
In Sufism, the Majzoob or Majzub (, plural: مَجَاذِيبٌ ''majazib, majazeeb'') is a mystical station ( ḥāl) that the Muslim saint (wali) underwent in his journey within Islamic sufism to reach the posture ( maqām) of reacher ( wasil) and perfect man (al-Insān al-Kāmil). Presentation ''Majzoobs'' are such murids whose hearts ( qulub) are soaked, immersed and illuminated with anwar and asrar even before they engage in adhkar and awrad. They do not first engage in dhikr until God illumines their hearts and guides them from the very inception. After being illumined with divine lights, they engage in recitation and invocation which is not a hard task for them because in their state it is just as breathing is. Duncan Forbes said: John Thompson Platts said: Ra Gohar Shahi said: Muḥammad Fasī al-Dīn said: Since the ''Majzoob'' is a wasil who has approached and reached the pinnacle of Sufism, the Sufis ascribe all sorts of Karamat and powers to them, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shariah
Sharia, Sharī'ah, Shari'a, or Shariah () is a body of religious law that forms a part of the Islamic tradition based on scriptures of Islam, particularly the Qur'an and hadith. In Islamic terminology ''sharīʿah'' refers to immutable, intangible divine law; contrary to ''fiqh'', which refers to its interpretations by Islamic scholars. Sharia, or fiqh as traditionally known, has always been used alongside customary law from the very beginning in Islamic history; has been elaborated and developed over the centuries by legal opinions issued by qualified jurists – reflecting the tendencies of different schools – and integrated and with various economic, penal and administrative laws issued by Muslim rulers; and implemented for centuries by judges in the courts until recent times, when secularism was widely adopted in Islamic societies. Traditional theory of Islamic jurisprudence recognizes four sources for Ahkam al-sharia: the Qur'an, ''sunnah'' (or authentic ahadith) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haqiqa
Haqiqa (Arabic "truth") is one of "the four stages" in Sufism, (exoteric path), (esoteric path), (mystical truth) and (final mystical knowledge, ''unio mystica''). The four stages Shariat is Islamic law or Islamic jurisprudence as revealed in the Quran and sunna. The first step in Sufism is following every aspect of the law perfectly. The purpose of this is to prove their love for God, by rigorous self-discipline and constant attention to their conduct. When the Sufi fully lives his or her life according to the he or she is ready to progress to the second stage. This conformity to earthly rules is important because it recognizes that the spirit of a man or woman is affected by the actions of the body. In this way, bringing the body under the will of God also purifies the spirit and a pure spirit is essential for the second step. Tariqat ''Tariqa'' in Arabic means ''path'' and it denotes a Sufi brotherhood or chain or order. The orders are governed by shaykhs, spiritua ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sura 16
The Bee (Arabic: الْنَّحْل; ''an-naḥl'') is the 16th chapter (''sūrah'') of the Qur'an, with 128 verses ('' āyāt''). It is named after honey bees mentioned in verse 68, and contains a comparison of the industry and adaptability of honey bees with the industry of man. Regarding the timing and contextual background of the believed revelation (''asbāb al-nuzūl''), it is an "Meccan surah" during the last period, which means it is believed to have been revealed in Mecca, instead of later in Medina. Summary *1 God's judgment sure to be visited on the infidels *2 Revelation is from God by the ministry of angels *3–8 God the Creator, as his works testify *9 God the true instructor of man *10–14 His works in heaven, earth, and sea described *15 The earth made firm by the mountains *16 The stars appointed to guide man *17 God not to be compared to idols *18–19 God merciful and omniscient *20–22 The character of the idols declared *23 Infidels reject the one true ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Murshid
''Murshid'' () is Arabic for "guide" or "teacher", derived from the root ''r-sh-d'', with the basic meaning of having integrity, being sensible, mature. Particularly in Sufism it refers to a Spiritual director, spiritual guide. The term is frequently used in Sufi orders such as the Naqshbandiyya, Qadiriyya, Qādiriyya, Chishti Order, Chishtiya, Shadhiliya and Suhrawardiyya. The path of Sufism starts when a student (murid) takes an oath of allegiance or ''Bay'ah'' (''bai'ath'') with a spiritual guide (''murshid''). In speaking of this initiatory pact of allegiance, the Qur’ān (48:10) says: ''Verily they who pledge unto thee their allegiance pledge it unto none but God. The Hand of God is above their hands''.Cf. Martin Lings, ''What is Sufism'', Islamic Texts Society, Cambridge, p. 125. The murshid's role is to spiritually guide and verbally instruct the disciple on the Sufi path, but "only one who has himself reached the End of the path is a spiritual guide in the full sense of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tariqa
A ''tariqa'' () is a religious order of Sufism, or specifically a concept for the mystical teaching and spiritual practices of such an order with the aim of seeking , which translates as "ultimate truth". A tariqa has a (guide) who plays the role of leader or spiritual director. The members or followers of a tariqa are known as (singular '), meaning "desirous", viz. "desiring the knowledge of God and loving God" (also called a '). The murshid of the tariqa is also believed to be the same as the '' tzadik'' of Judaism, meaning the "rightly guided one". The metaphor of "way, path" is to be understood in connection of the term sharia which also has the meaning of "path", more specifically "well-trodden path; path to the waterhole". The "path" metaphor of ''tariqa'' is that of a further path, taken by the mystic, which continues from the "well-trodden path" or exoteric of sharia towards the esoteric '. A fourth "station" following the succession of ''shariah'', ' and ' is called ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muqarrab (Sufism)
The Muqarrab () is a major spiritual stage ( maqām) that the and (novices and followers of Sufism) reach in their ascetic quest within Islamic Sufism. Presentation Being close to God (''Allah'') is one of the main goals of worship (ibadah) and mysticism (Sufism) in the religion of Islam. This proximity accompanied by intimacy and modesty allows the Muslim to escape the idleness of the ghaflah and thus to reach the firmament of fanaa in which personal human attributes are diluted and dissolved in order to leave room for contemplation and the ishq accompanying the baqaa state which returns the Sufi to the commonality of mortal life while maintaining his radiant qalb in the state of yaqeen. Islamic ethics and deontology of this path of spiritual rapprochement must keep the murid in the wake of the rabbaniyya which does not aim to accomplish fantastic feats as much as it aspires to live hidayah and ma'rifa in a peaceful and moderate way. Approach and attraction The s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
